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2022-03-28_CC_AgendaPacket1.CALL TO ORDER 2.ROLL CALL 3.PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE 4.PRESENTATIONS/PROCLAMATIONS/ANNOUNCEMENTS 5.APPROVE ORDER OF THE AGENDA This is the appropriate time for the Mayor or Councilmembers to approve the agenda as is or reorder. 6.BLUE FOLDER ITEMS (SUPPLEMENTAL) Blue folder (supplemental) items are additional back up materials to administrative reports, changes to the posted agenda packet, and/or public comments received after the printing and distribution of the agenda packet for receive and file. 6.A.FOR BLUE FOLDER DOCUMENTS APPROVED AT THE CITY COUNCIL MEETING RECOMMENDATION: Approved 2 PORTUGUESE BEND ROAD ROLLING HILLS, CA 90274 (310) 377-1521 AGENDA Regular City Council Meeting CITY COUNCIL Monday, March 28, 2022 CITY OF ROLLING HILLS 7:00 PM All Councilmembers will participate in-person wearing masks per Los Angeles County Health Department's Health Officer Order effective Saturday, July 17, 2021. The meeting agenda is available on the City’s website. The City Council meeting will be live-streamed on the City’s website. Both the agenda and the live-streamed video can be found here: https://www.rolling-hills.org/government/agenda/index.php Members of the public may submit written comments in real-time by emailing the City Clerk’s office at cityclerk@cityofrh.net. Your comments will become part of the official meeting record. You must provide your full name, but please do not provide any other personal information that you do not want to be published. Recordings to City Council meetings can be found here: https://www.rolling- hills.org/government/agenda/index.php Next Resolution No. 1294 Next Ordinance No. 376 CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_8C_Supplemental.pdf CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_8D_Supplemental.pdf CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_11B_Supplemental.pdf CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_11C_Supplemental.pdf CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_12A_Supplemental.pdf CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_13A_Supplemental.pdf 1 7.PUBLIC COMMENT ON NON-AGENDA ITEMS This is the appropriate time for members of the public to make comments regarding the items not listed on this agenda. Pursuant to the Brown Act, no action will take place on any items not on the agenda. 8.CONSENT CALENDAR Business items, except those formally noticed for public hearing, or those pulled for discussion are assigned to the Consent Calendar. The Mayor or any Councilmember may request that any Consent Calendar item(s) be removed, discussed, and acted upon separately. Items removed from the Consent Calendar will be taken up under the "Excluded Consent Calendar" section below. Those items remaining on the Consent Calendar will be approved in one motion. The Mayor will call on anyone wishing to address the City Council on any Consent Calendar item on the agenda, which has not been pulled by Councilmembers for discussion. 8.A.APPROVE AFFIDAVIT OF POSTING FOR THE CITY COUNCIL REGULAR MEETING OF MARCH 14, 2022 RECOMMENDATION: Approve. 8.B.APPROVE MOTION TO READ BY TITLE ONLY AND WAIVE FURTHER READING OF ALL ORDINANCES AND RESOLUTIONS LISTED ON THE AGENDA RECOMMENDATION: Approve. 8.C.APPROVE THE FOLLOWING CITY COUNCIL MINUTES: MARCH 14, 2022 RECOMMENDATION: Approve as presented. 8.D.PAYMENT OF BILLS RECOMMENDATION: Approve as presented. 8.E.RECEIVE AND FILE THE ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORTS FOR THE GENERAL PLAN AND HOUSING ELEMENT. RECOMMENDATION: Receive and file. 8.F.CONSIDER AND APPROVE THE PLANNED EXPENDITURES FOR FISCAL YEAR 2022-2023 SAFE CLEAN WATER MUNICIPAL PROGRAM FUNDS FOR SUBMISSION TO LOS ANGELES COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT. RECOMMENDATION: Approve as presented. 8.G.RECEIVE AND FILE THE INITIAL JURISDICTION COMPLIANCE REPORT TO BE SUBMITTED TO CALRECYCLE BY APRIL 1, 2022. RECOMMENDATION: Receive and file. 8.H.RECEIVE AND FILE A REQUEST FOR TIME EXTENSION FOR THE SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE FROM CALOES RECOMMENDATION: Receive and file. CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_13B_Supplemental.pdf CL_AGN_220328_AffidavitofPosting.pdf CL_MIN_220314_CC_F_A.pdf CL_AGN_220328_PaymentOfBills_R.pdf CL_AGN_220328_RH_Genera Plan_APR_2021.pdf CL_AGN_220328_HousingElementAPR.pdf CL_AGN_220328_22-23_SCW_Expenditure_Budget(FinalDraft).pdf CL_AGN_220328_Feb9_InitialJurisdictionReport.pdf 2 8.I.RECEIVE AND FILE A LETTER FROM THE LOS ANGELES REGIONAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL BOARD REGARDING THE PALOS VERDES PENINSULA WATERSHED MANAGEMENT GROUP'S TIME SCHEDULE ORDER FOR MACHADO LAKE. RECOMMENDATION: Receive and file. 9.EXCLUDED CONSENT CALENDAR ITEMS 10.COMMISSION ITEMS 11.NEW BUSINESS 11.A.RECEIVE AND FILE A VERBAL REPORT FROM THE LOS ANGELES COUNTY FIRE DEPARTMENT ON FIRE FUEL ABATEMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS. RECOMMENDATION: Receive and file. 11.B.PROPOSAL FROM PALOS VERDES PENINSULA LAND CONSERVANCY FOR A FOURTH PHASE OF FUEL ABATEMENT IN THE NATURE PRESERVE CLOSEST TO THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS RECOMMENDATION: Consider and approve as presented. 11.C.REVIEW SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SERVICE FEE INCREASE FOR FY 2022- 2023 AND CONSIDER SETTING PROPOSITION 218 REQUIRED PROTEST HEARING DATE. RECOMMENDATION: Review refuse rate increase and provide direction for setting Proposition 218 protest hearing date. 12.OLD BUSINESS 12.A.RECEIVE ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON HQE SYSTEMS' PROPOSED OUTDOOR SIREN SYSTEM AND DIRECT STAFF TO CONDUCT A COMMUNITY SURVEY FOR FEEDBACK ON AN OUTDOOR SIREN SYSTEM. R E C O M M E N D AT I O N : Receive additional information on HQE Systems' feasibility report and direct staff to conduct a community survey. CL_AGN_220328_SafetyElement_TimeExtensionRequest.pdf CL_AGN_220328_PVP_WMG_TSO_Review.pdf 2022.3.14 City Council_Fuel Load Reduction_Phase4.pdf CL_AGN_220328_PVPLC_ReducingFuelLoadProject_2022(Phase 4).pdf CL_AGN_220328_Projected Refuse Costs.pdf CL_AGN_220328_11C_RH_RateAdjustmentRequest2022.pdf HQE Systems - City of Rolling Hills - Response Letter - Detailed Installation Locations.pdf HQE Systems - Mass Notification Systems Installation Report - The City of Rolling Hills - Final JW (Email Version 2).pdf HQE Systems - General Maintenance Service Scope .pdf Emergency Alert Siren System Community Survey FINAL2022-03-10.pdf CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_14A_Supplemental-01a.pdf CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_14A_Supplemental-01b_Redacted.pdf CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_14A_Supplemental-01c_Redacted.pdf CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_14A_Supplemental-02.pdf 3 12.B.APPROVE PRIORITIES/GOALS FOR FISCAL YEARS 2022-2023 AND 2023-2024 DEVELOPED AS A PART OF THE 2022 STRATEGIC PLANNING WORKSHOP; DISCUSS POTENTIAL BUDGET ITEMS TO SUPPORT THE 2022 CITY COUNCIL PRIORITIES; AND PROVIDE DIRECTION TO STAFF. RECOMMENDATION: Approve priorities and goals; discuss potential budget items and provide direction to staff. 13.PUBLIC HEARINGS 13.A.APPEAL OF COMMITTEE ON TREES AND VIEWS' DECISION ON VIEW PRESERVATION COMPLAINT - 61 EASTFIELD DRIVE (JUGE - COMPLAINANT) AND 59 EASTFIELD DRIVE (TAMAYO/SIERRA - VEGETATION OWNER) RECOMMENDATION: Consider the appeal and provide direction to staff. 13.B.CONSIDER AND APPROVE RESOLUTION NO. 1291 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS ADOPTING THE SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE AND A NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE SAFETY ELEMENT R E COM M EN DATI O N : Approve Resolution No. 1291 adopting the Safety Element update and a negative declaration for the Safety Element. 14.MATTERS FROM THE CITY COUNCIL 15.MATTERS FROM STAFF 16.RECESS TO CLOSED SESSION 16.A.CONFERENCE WITH LABOR NEGOTIATOR GOVERNMENT CODE SECTION 54957.6 Â CITY'S DESIGNATED REPRESENTATIVE: MAYOR BEA DIERINGER UNREPRESENTED EMPLOYEE: CITY MANAGER ELAINE JENG CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_14A_Supplemental-03_Redacted.pdf CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_14A_Supplemental-04_Redacted.pdf CL_AGN_220328_CC_BlueFolderItem_12A_Supplemental-01_Redacted.pdf CL_AGN_220328_CC_BlueFolderItem_12A_Supplemental-02_Redacted.pdf CC_SP_2022CouncilPrioritiesGoals.pdf CC_SP_2020_vs_2022_BriefComparison.pdf CC_SP_2022FinalPrioritiesGoals_Final.pdf CC_SP_2022BudgetItemsDraft.pdf CL_AGN_220328_FinalCopy_RequestForAppeal.01.27.22.pdf CL_AGN_220328_StaffReport_TVCMeeting_11.30.21.pdf CL_AGN_220328_ArboristReport_59-61EastfieldDr.pdf CL_AGN_220328_ResolutionNo2021-21-CTV.pdf CL_AGN_220328_13A_2007 GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEER INSPECTION REPORT.pdf CL_AGN_220328_13A_Association.Withdrawal.Complaint.pdf CL_AGN_220328_13A_Juge. Pictures.pdf CL_AGN_220328_SafetyElement_Final_0322.pdf CL_AGN_220328_21330_RH_Final_ND_032522.pdf CL_AGN_220328_21330_Draft_ND_Errata_032522.pdf CL_AGN_220328_21330_AB52_SB18_Summary_022222.pdf CL_AGN_220328_2022-02_PC_Resolution_SafetyElement_E.pdf CL_AGN_220328_ResolutionNo1291_Safety_Element_R.pdf 4 RECOMMENDATION: None. 17.RECONVENE TO OPEN SESSION 18.ADJOURNMENT Next regular meeting: Monday, April 11, 2022 at 7:00 p.m. in the City Council Chamber, Rolling Hills City Hall, 2 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, California, 90274. Notice: Public Comment is welcome on any item prior to City Council action on the item. Documents pertaining to an agenda item received after the posting of the agenda are available for review in the City Clerk's office or at the meeting at which the item will be considered. In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), if you need special assistance to participate in this meeting due to your disability, please contact the City Clerk at (310) 377-1521 at least 48 hours prior to the meeting to enable the City to make reasonable arrangements to ensure accessibility and accommodation for your review of this agenda and attendance at this meeting. 5 Agenda Item No.: 6.A Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:CHRISTIAN HORVATH, THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:FOR BLUE FOLDER DOCUMENTS APPROVED AT THE CITY COUNCIL MEETING DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: None. DISCUSSION: None. FISCAL IMPACT: None. RECOMMENDATION: Approved. ATTACHMENTS: CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_8C_Supplemental.pdf CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_8D_Supplemental.pdf CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_11B_Supplemental.pdf CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_11C_Supplemental.pdf CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_12A_Supplemental.pdf CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_13A_Supplemental.pdf CL_AGN_2203028_CC_BlueFolderItem_13B_Supplemental.pdf 6 BLUE FOLDER ITEM (SUPPLEMENTAL) Blue folder (supplemental) items are additional back up materials to administrative reports, changes to the posted agenda packet, and/or public comments received after the printing and distribution of the agenda packet for receive and file. CITY COUNCIL MEETING March 28, 2022 8.C APPROVE THE FOLLOWING CITY COUNCIL MINUTES: MARCH 14, 2022 FROM: CHRISTIAN HORVATH, CITY CLERK/EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT TO THE CITY MANAGER CL_MIN_220314_CC_F_A.pdf 7 BLUE FOLDER ITEM (SUPPLEMENTAL) Blue folder (supplemental) items are additional back up materials to administrative reports, changes to the posted agenda packet, and/or public comments received after the printing and distribution of the agenda packet for receive and file. CITY COUNCIL MEETING March 28, 2022 8.D PAYMENT OF BILLS FROM: CHRISTIAN HORVATH, CITY CLERK/EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT TO THE CITY MANAGER CL_AGN_220328_PaymentOfBills_R.pdf 8 BLUE FOLDER ITEM (SUPPLEMENTAL) Blue folder (supplemental) items are additional back up materials to administrative reports, changes to the posted agenda packet, and/or public comments received after the printing and distribution of the agenda packet for receive and file. CITY COUNCIL MEETING March 28, 2022 11.B PROPOSAL FROM PALOS VERDES PENINSULA LAND CONSERVANCY FOR A FOURTH PHASE OF FUEL ABATEMENT IN THE NATURE PRESERVE CLOSEST TO THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS FROM: CHRISTIAN HORVATH, CITY CLERK/EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT TO THE CITY MANAGER CL_AGN_220328_PVPLC_ReducingFuelLoadProject_2022(Phase 4).pdf 9 BLUE FOLDER ITEM (SUPPLEMENTAL) Blue folder (supplemental) items are additional back up materials to administrative reports, changes to the posted agenda packet, and/or public comments received after the printing and distribution of the agenda packet for receive and file. CITY COUNCIL MEETING March 28, 2022 11.C REVIEW SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SERVICE FEE INCREASE FOR FY 2022- 2023 AND CONSIDER SETTING PROPOSITION 218 REQUIRED PROTEST HEARING DATE. FROM: CHRISTIAN HORVATH, CITY CLERK/EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT TO THE CITY MANAGER CL_AGN_220328_11C_RH_RateAdjustmentRequest2022.pdf 10 BLUE FOLDER ITEM (SUPPLEMENTAL) Blue folder (supplemental) items are additional back up materials to administrative reports, changes to the posted agenda packet, and/or public comments received after the printing and distribution of the agenda packet for receive and file. CITY COUNCIL MEETING March 28, 2022 12.A RECEIVE ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON HQE SYSTEMS' PROPOSED OUTDOOR SIREN SYSTEM AND DIRECT STAFF TO CONDUCT A COMMUNITY SURVEY FOR FEEDBACK ON AN OUTDOOR SIREN SYSTEM. FROM: CHRISTIAN HORVATH, CITY CLERK/EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT TO THE CITY MANAGER CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_12A_Supplemental-01_Redacted.pdf CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_12A_Supplemental-02_Redacted.pdf 11 BLUE FOLDER ITEM (SUPPLEMENTAL) Blue folder (supplemental) items are additional back up materials to administrative reports, changes to the posted agenda packet, and/or public comments received after the printing and distribution of the agenda packet for receive and file. CITY COUNCIL MEETING March 28, 2022 13.A APPEAL OF COMMITTEE ON TREES AND VIEWS' DECISION ON VIEW PRESERVATION COMPLAINT - 61 EASTFIELD DRIVE (JUGE - COMPLAINANT) AND 59 EASTFIELD DRIVE (TAMAYO/SIERRA - VEGETATION OWNER) FROM: CHRISTIAN HORVATH, CITY CLERK/EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT TO THE CITY MANAGER CL_AGN_220328_13A_2007 GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEER INSPECTION REPORT.pdf CL_AGN_220328_13A_Association.Withdrawal.Complaint.pdf CL_AGN_220328_13A_Juge. Pictures.pdf 12 BLUE FOLDER ITEM (SUPPLEMENTAL) Blue folder (supplemental) items are additional back up materials to administrative reports, changes to the posted agenda packet, and/or public comments received after the printing and distribution of the agenda packet for receive and file. CITY COUNCIL MEETING March 28, 2022 13.B CONSIDER AND APPROVE RESOLUTION NO. 1291 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS ADOPTING THE SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE AND A NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE SAFETY ELEMENT FROM: CHRISTIAN HORVATH, CITY CLERK/EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT TO THE CITY MANAGER CL_AGN_220328_21330_Draft_ND_Errata_032522.pdf CL_AGN_220328_21330_RH_Final_ND_032522.pdf CL_AGN_220328_ResolutionNo1291_Safety_Element_R.pdf CL_AGN_220328_SafetyElement_Final_0322.pdf 13 Agenda Item No.: 8.A Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:CHRISTIAN HORVATH, THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:APPROVE AFFIDAVIT OF POSTING FOR THE CITY COUNCIL REGULAR MEETING OF MARCH 14, 2022 DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: None. DISCUSSION: None. FISCAL IMPACT: None. RECOMMENDATION: Approve. ATTACHMENTS: CL_AGN_220328_AffidavitofPosting.pdf 14 Administrative Report 8.A., File # 1103 Meeting Date: 03/28 /2022 To: MAYOR & CITY COUNCIL From: Christian Horvath, City Clerk TITLE APPROVE AFFIDAVIT OF POSTING FOR THE CITY COUNCIL REGULAR MEETING OF MARCH 28, 2022 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES ) SS CITY OF ROLLING HILLS ) AFFIDAVIT OF POSTING In compliance with the Brown Act, the following materials have been posted at the locations below. Legislative Body City Council Posting Type Regular Meeting Agenda Posting Location 2 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA 90274 City Hall Window Meeting Date & Time MARCH 28, 2022 7:00pm Open Session As City Clerk of the City of Rolling Hills, I declare under penalty of perjury, the document noted above was posted at the date displayed below. Christian Horvath, City Clerk Date: March 24, 2022 15 Agenda Item No.: 8.B Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:CHRISTIAN HORVATH, THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:APPROVE MOTION TO READ BY TITLE ONLY AND WAIVE FURTHER READING OF ALL ORDINANCES AND RESOLUTIONS LISTED ON THE AGENDA DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: None. DISCUSSION: None. FISCAL IMPACT: None. RECOMMENDATION: Approve. ATTACHMENTS: 16 Agenda Item No.: 8.C Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:CHRISTIAN HORVATH, THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:APPROVE THE FOLLOWING CITY COUNCIL MINUTES: MARCH 14, 2022 DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: None. DISCUSSION: None. FISCAL IMPACT: None. RECOMMENDATION: Approve as presented. ATTACHMENTS: CL_MIN_220314_CC_F_A.pdf 17 MINUTES – CITY COUNCIL MEETING Monday, March 14, 2022 Page 1 Minutes Rolling Hills City Council Monday, March 14, 2022 Regular Meeting 7:00 p.m. 1. CALL TO ORDER The City Council of the City of Rolling Hills met in person on the above date at 7:00 p.m. Mayor Bea Dieringer presiding. 2. ROLL CALL Councilmembers Present: Mirsch, Pieper, Wilson (remotely), Mayor Dieringer Councilmembers Absent: Mayor Pro Tem Black Staff Present: Elaine Jeng, City Manager Jane Abzug, City Attorney John Signo, Planning & Community Services Director Christian Horvath, City Clerk / Executive Assistant to the City Manager Robert Samario, Finance Director 3. PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE - Mayor Dieringer 4. PRESENTATIONS/PROCLAMATIONS/ANNOUNCEMENTS – NONE 5. APPROVE ORDER OF THE AGENDA Motion by Councilmember Pieper, seconded by Councilmember Mirsch to approve order of the agenda. Motion carried unanimously with the following vote: AYES: Mirsch, Wilson, Pieper, Mayor Dieringer NOES: None ABSENT: Black 6. BLUE FOLDER ITEMS (SUPPLEMENTAL) Motion by Councilmember Mirsch, seconded by Councilmember Pieper to receive and file additional Items for 12.A, 13.B, and 14.A. Motion carried unanimously with the following vote: AYES: Mirsch, Wilson, Pieper, Mayor Dieringer NOES: None ABSENT: Black 7. PUBLIC COMMENT ON NON-AGENDA ITEMS Public Comment: Richard Colyear, Jim Aichele 8. CONSENT CALENDAR 8.A. APPROVE AFFIDAVIT OF POSTING FOR THE CITY COUNCIL REGULAR MEETING OF MARCH 14, 2022 18 MINUTES – CITY COUNCIL MEETING Monday, March 14, 2022 Page 2 8.B. APPROVE MOTION TO READ BY TITLE ONLY AND WAIVE FURTHER READING OF ALL ORDINANCES AND RESOLUTIONS LISTED ON THE AGENDA 8.C. APPROVE THE FOLLOWING CITY COUNCIL MINUTES: FEBRUARY 28, 2022 8.D. PAYMENT OF BILLS 8.E. ADOPT BY TITLE ONLY ORDINANCE NO. 374, AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS, CALIFORNIA, ADDING CHAPTER 8.10 TO THE ROLLING HILLS MUNICIPAL CODE RELATING TO EDIBLE FOOD RECOVERY. FOR SECOND READING AND ADOPTION 8.F. PULLED BY MAYOR DIERINGER FOR FURTHER DISCUSSION 8.G. APPROVE RESOLUTION NO. 1292 AUTHORIZING ACCEPTANCE OF GRANT FUNDING FROM THE FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY IN THE AMOUNT OF $1,971,882.00 WITH THE REQUIRED LOCAL MATCH OF $657,294.00; AND AUTHORIZING THE CITY MANAGER TO EXECUTE ANY NECESSARY DOCUMENTS TO MEET THE GRANT REQUIREMENTS 8.H. APPROVE PROFESSIONAL SERVICES AGREEMENT WITH EVAN SMITH LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT TO ASSESS CURRENT CONDITIONS OF CITY HALL CAMPUS LANDSCAPING AND PROVIDE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS 8.I. PULLED BY COUNCILMEMBER MIRSCH FOR FURTHER DISCUSSION 8.J. NOTICE BY THE LOS ANGELES REGIONAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL BOARD ON THE LOSS OF DEEMED COMPLIANCE STATUS. Motion by Councilmember Pieper, seconded by Councilmember Mirsch to approve Consent Calendar excluding Items 8F and 8I. Motion carried unanimously with the following vote: AYES: Mirsch, Wilson, Pieper, Mayor Dieringer NOES: None ABSENT: Black 9. EXCLUDED CONSENT CALENDAR ITEMS 8.F. ADOPT BY TITLE ONLY ORDINANCE NO. 375, AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS, CALIFORNIA, AMENDING CHAPTER 8.30 (FIRE FUEL ABATEMENT) OF THE ROLLING HILLS MUNICIPAL CODE TO PROHIBIT NEW PLANTINGS OF HIGH HAZARDOUS PLANTS AND TREES; AND FINDING THE ACTION EXEMPT FROM THE CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT. FOR SECOND READING AND ADOPTION Motion by Councilmember Mirsch, seconded by Councilmember Pieper to Adopt by title only Ordinance No. 375. Motion carried with the following vote: AYES: Mirsch, Wilson, Pieper NOES: Mayor Dieringer ABSENT: Black 8.I. APPROVE A PROFESSIONAL SERVICES AGREEMENT WITH WILDLAND RES MANAGEMENT TO REVIEW DRAFT ORDINANCE RELATING TO FIRE FUEL ABATEMENT IN THE CANYONS 19 MINUTES – CITY COUNCIL MEETING Monday, March 14, 2022 Page 3 AND PROVIDE SITE VISITS TO ASSIST RESIDENTS WITH FIRE FUEL ABATEMENT MEASURES Motion by Councilmember Pieper, seconded by Councilmember Mirsch to approve. Motion carried with the following vote: AYES: Mirsch, Wilson, Pieper NOES: Mayor Dieringer ABSENT: Black 10. COMMISSION ITEMS – NONE 11. PUBLIC HEARINGS 11.A. CONSIDER AND APPROVE RESOLUTION NO. 1291 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS ADOPTING THE SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE AND A NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE SAFETY ELEMENT Presentation by John Signo, Planning & Community Services Director Lexi Journey & Camila Bobroff of Rincon Consultants Victoria Boyd & Meghan Gibson of Chambers Group Public Comment: Don Crocker, Arlene Honbo, William Hassholdt Motion by Councilmember Mirsch, seconded by Councilmember Pieper to continue discussion to the March 28th City Council meeting. Motion carried with the following vote: AYES: Mirsch, Wilson, Pieper, Mayor Dieringer NOES: None ABSENT: Black Mayor Dieringer requested to skip New Business Items to allow presenters and public commenters on other items an opportunity to participate earlier in the evening. Without objection, so ordered. 13. MATTERS FROM THE CITY COUNCIL 13.A. SEND LETTER TO RESIDENTS EXPLAINING THE PROPOSED ORDINANCE THAT WOULD MANDATE RE SIDENTS TO PAY THE COST OF LIVE VEGETATION REMOVAL FROM THEIR PROPERTIES AND SEND SURVEY TO RESIDENTS FOR THEIR INPUT REGARDING PREFERRED FIRE SAFETY MEASURES. (MAYOR DIERINGER) Public Comment: Dustin McNabb, Richard Colyear, Alfred Visco, Roger Hawkins, Bill Rogers, Cathy Nichols, William Hassholdt, Michael Schoettle Motion by Mayor Dieringer to draft a letter explaining live vegetation removal and potential mandatory approach; must be sent out to residents via the blue newsletter before any mandatory approach ordinance can be ruled on. Motion failed for lack of a second. Motion by Mayor Dieringer to send a letter to residents explaining the proposed ordinance that would mandate residents to pay the cost of live vegetation removal from their properties. Motion failed for lack of a second. 20 MINUTES – CITY COUNCIL MEETING Monday, March 14, 2022 Page 4 Motion by Mayor Dieringer to send a survey to residents with an explanation of what various fire safety measures the city could do and soliciting their input so the Council would have that input. Motion failed for lack of a second. City Manager Jeng noted that the Council approved the Order of the Agenda earlier and requested a return to Item 12B as the Finance Director was on site to present. Mayor Dieringer commented that the City is paying the Finance Director for his time. Without objection, so ordered. 12. NEW BUSINESS 12.B. FISCAL YEAR 2021-22 MID-YEAR REPORT AND PROPOSED BUDGET ADJUSTMENTS Presentation by Robert Samario, Finance Director Motion by Councilmember Pieper, seconded by Councilmember Mirsch to receive and file the report and approve the proposed mid-year adjustments. Motion carried with the following vote: AYES: Mirsch, Wilson, Pieper, Mayor Dieringer NOES: None ABSENT: Black Mayor Dieringer again re-ordered the agenda and returned to Item 13B. Without objection, so ordered. 13. MATTERS FROM THE CITY COUNCIL 13.B. APPROVE RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE FIRE FUEL COMMITTEE TO TAKE THE MANDATORY APPROACH TO MANAGE FIRE FUEL IN THE CANYONS AND TO PROVIDE AVAIL ABLE COST DATA TO THE COMMUNITY Public Comment: Gordon Schaye, Judith Hassholdt, Cathy Nichols, Bill Rogers, Roger Hawkins, Arlene Honbo, Michael Schoettle, William Hassholdt, Alfred Visco, Dustin McNabb, Jim Aichele, V’etta Virtue No Action Taken City Manager Jeng requested moving to Item 13D as some residents had been waiting all night to speak on this item. Mayor Dieringer acknowledged. Without objection, so ordered. 13.D. ROLLING HILLS TENNIS COURTS IMPROVEMENTS TO ADD PICKLEBALL COURTS. (PIEPER) Public Comment: Tom Lieb, Roger Hawkins No Action Taken Mayor Dieringer again re-ordered the agenda and returned to Item 13C. Without objection, so ordered. 13.C. RECEIVE A REPORT ON THE MARCH 1, 2022 FIRE FUEL COMMITTEE MEETING AND DISCUSS THE COMMITTEE'S REPORT Presentation by Elaine Jeng, City Manager Councilmember Mirsch Public Comment: Jim Aichele, Michael Schoettle 21 MINUTES – CITY COUNCIL MEETING Monday, March 14, 2022 Page 5 Motion by Councilmember Mirsch, seconded by Councilmember Pieper to postpone discussion by two months for the City Council to consider and discuss what they would like to do with the list of wildfire mitigation measures as presented in the agenda packet. Motion carried with the following vote: AYES: Mirsch, Wilson, Pieper, Mayor Dieringer NOES: None ABSENT: Black 13.E. CITY COUNCIL REMINDERS ON COMMUNITY AND PENINSULA EVENTS. (MAYOR DIERINGER) Public Comment: Marcia Schoettle Motion by Councilmember Pieper, seconded by Councilmember Mirsch to send all five Councilmembers an email calendar invitation to any event happening in the city held by the city. Motion failed with the following vote: AYES: Pieper, Mayor Dieringer NOES: Mirsch, Wilson ABSENT: Black Due to the late hour, Councilmember Pieper asked what agenda items needed to be addressed. City Manager Jeng requested discussing Item 12A and said the remainder of the agenda could be continued to the next meeting including Item 13F. Mayor Dieringer asked for the council’s pleasure regarding another agenda reorder and continuation of further items. Without objection, so ordered. 12. NEW BUSINESS 12.A. BID PROPOSAL AND CONTRACT FOR EMERGENCY STORM DRAIN REPAIR AT 1 MIDDLERIDGE LANE NORTH Presentation by Elaine Jeng, City Manager Motion by Councilmember Pieper, seconded by Councilmember Wilson to Direct City Attorney to draft a construction contract, authorize the City manager to execute, Adopt Resolution No. 1293 as revised for emergency work, and appropriate $48,645 from the General Fund Reserves to Fund 40 for the repair. Motion carried unanimously with the following vote: AYES: Mirsch, Wilson, Pieper, Mayor Dieringer NOES: None ABSENT: Black Motion by Councilmember Pieper, seconded by Councilmember Wilson to continue the remainder of agenda items to the next City Council meeting. Motion carried unanimously with the following vote: AYES: Mirsch, Wilson, Pieper, Mayor Dieringer NOES: None ABSENT: Black 14. OLD BUSINESS – CONTINUED 15. MATTERS FROM STAFF – CONTINUED 22 MINUTES – CITY COUNCIL MEETING Monday, March 14, 2022 Page 6 16. RECESS TO CLOSED SESSION – CONTINUED 17. RECONVENE TO OPEN SESSION – NONE 18. ADJOURNMENT: 12:24 P.M. The meeting was adjourned at 12:24 a.m on March 15, 2022. The next regular meeting of the City Council is scheduled to be held on Monday, March 28, 2022 beginning at 7:00 p.m. in the City Council Chamber at City Hall, 2 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, California. It will also be available via City’s website link at: https://www.rolling-hills.org/government/agenda/index.php All written comments submitted are included in the record and available for public review on the City website. Respectfully submitted, ____________________________________ Christian Horvath, City Clerk Approved, ____________________________________ Bea Dieringer, Mayor 23 Agenda Item No.: 8.D Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:CHRISTIAN HORVATH, THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:PAYMENT OF BILLS DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: None. DISCUSSION: None. FISCAL IMPACT: None. RECOMMENDATION: Approve as presented. ATTACHMENTS: CL_AGN_220328_PaymentOfBills_R.pdf 24 Check No.Check Date Payee Description Amount 027535 3/16/2022 Cell Business Equipment Ink Catridge for Pitney Bowes Machine 183.95 027536 3/16/2022 Daily Breeze Classified Advertising- February 2022 975.84 027537 3/16/2022 E.C. Construction Storm Drain Repair Retention 2,890.00 027538 3/16/2022 Konica Minolta Business Solutions USA Inc.Maintenance Agreement covering 2/11/22 to 3/10/22 883.86 027539 3/16/2022 LA County Sheriff's Department Law Enforcement Services Contract- Feb 2022 30,597.68 027540 3/16/2022 MV CHENG AND ASSOCIATES Consulting Services & Accounting - February 2022 9,260.00 027541 3/16/2022 NV5, INC.Professional Services thru 2/28/2022 2,925.52 027542 3/16/2022 ELAN Cardmember Services CREDIT CARD- CLOSING DATE- 3/3/22 3,240.50 027543 3/16/2022 Palos Verdes Security Sys, Inc.CCTV Lease April 2022 & Quarterly Fire Alarm- Apr-June 22 360.00 027544 3/16/2022 City of Rancho Palos Verdes 7% Monthly APLR Connectivity- Dec 2021 133.91 027545 3/16/2022 SIR SPEEDY Catalog Envelopes 1,119.67 027546 3/16/2022 Wildan Inc.Project 101749.00 ROLLING HILLS B & S SERVICE 85.00 027546 3/16/2022 Wildan Inc.Project 105238.00 RH-TE SERVICES 1,890.00 CHECK TOTAL 1,975.00 027547 3/23/2022 Bennett Landscape Checked Irrigation Systems for 2 Tiimers, Repairs 568.34 027548 3/23/2022 Elaine Jeng Reimbursement Expenses- 02/22/22 - 03/17/22 E. Jeng 250.54 027549 3/23/2022 GPA CONSULTING Project # 918 Vegetation Management - Feb 2022 3,375.00 027550 3/23/2022 County of Los Angeles February 2022 Animal Care Housing Costs 522.02 027551 3/23/2022 LA County Sheriff's Department Law Enforcement- Special Events- February 2022 1,432.90 027552 3/23/2022 McGowan Consulting Municipal Stormwater Consulting Services- February 2022 6,342.40 ACH-025 3/24/2022 Vantagepoint Transfer Agents - 306580 ICMA Employee Contribution- PR Ending 03-22-2022 1,355.01 PR LINK 3/25/2022 PR LINK - Payroll & PR Taxes PR#6 Payroll Processing Fee 03/09/22 to 03/22/2022 60.09 PR LINK 3/25/2022 PR LINK - Payroll & PR Taxes PR#6 Pay Period - PR#6 03/09/22 to 03/22/2022 17,779.72 ACH-026 3/14/2022 CalPERS CalPers Retirement PR Ending 3-08-2022 3,333.99 PR LINK 3/14/2022 PR LINK - Payroll & PR Taxes PR#6S Payroll Processing Fee -3/10/22-3/11/22 Supplemental 41.59 PR LINK 3/14/2022 PR LINK - Payroll & PR Taxes PR#6S Pay Period - PR#6S 03/10/22 to 03/11/2022 1,335.48 Pending 3/24/2022 Column Public noticing 572.34 Pending 3/24/2022 Column Public noticing 553.89 Pending 3/24/2022 Column Public noticing 414.49 Pending 3/24/2022 Column Public noticing 372.16 Report Total 92,855.89 92,855.89 for the payment of above items. Elaine Jeng, P.E., City Manager CITY OF ROLLING HILLS ACH22-067 & ACH22-068, AP22-064 & AP22-065 Check Run 03-16-2022 through 03-27-2022 I, Elaine Jeng, City Manager of Rolling Hills, California certify that the above demands are accurate and there is available in the General Fund a balance of 3/28/2022 25 Agenda Item No.: 8.E Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:JOHN SIGNO, DIRECTOR OF PLANNING & COMMUNITY SERVICES THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:RECEIVE AND FILE THE ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORTS FOR THE GENERAL PLAN AND HOUSING ELEMENT. DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: The annual progress reports (APRs) for the General Plan and Housing Element are due on April 1, 2022. Government Code Section 65400 and 65700 mandates that all cities and counties submit an annual report on the status of the General Plan and progress in its implementation to their legislative bodies, the Governor's Office of Planning and Research (OPR), and the Housing and Community Development (HCD). Government Code section 65400 also requires that each city, county, or city and county, including charter cities, prepare an APR on the status of the housing element of its general plan and progress in its implementation, using forms and definitions adopted by the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD). The APRs provide local legislative bodies and the public with information regarding the implementation of the General Plan for their city or county. APRs also inform the public of the progress in meeting the community’s goals. APRs must be presented to the local legislative body for its review and acceptance, usually as a consent or discussion item on a regular meeting agenda. DISCUSSION: The General Plan APR provides an overview of recent updates to elements and how the City complies with OPR's guidelines. It summarizes the actions related to the General Plan over the past year, including adopted ordinances and resolutions. It also summarizes the City's efforts in updating the Housing Element and Safety Element. The Housing Element APR is provided on a spreadsheet prepared by HCD. Activity in the City over the past year include the submittal of nine accessory dwelling unit (ADU) applications and issuance of two building permits for a new single-family residence at 11 Upper Blackwater Canyon Road and an ADU at 1 Packsaddle Road. The new residence is reported as an above moderate-income unit, while the ADU is reported as being a non-deed restricted moderate- 26 income unit. A report on the Local Early Action Planning (LEAP) is included in the Housing Element APR as required by HCD. FISCAL IMPACT: None. RECOMMENDATION: Receive and file. ATTACHMENTS: CL_AGN_220328_RH_Genera Plan_APR_2021.pdf CL_AGN_220328_HousingElementAPR.pdf 27 INCORPORATED JANUARY 24, 1957 NO. 2 PORTUGUESE BEND ROAD  ROLLING HILLS, CA 90274  (310) 377‐1521  FAX (310) 377‐7288  March 23, 2022 Office of Planning and Research P.O. Box 3044 Sacramento, CA 95812-3044 SUBJECT: ROLLING HILLS’ 2021 GENERAL PLAN ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT Dear Sir or Madam: This serves as the City of Rolling Hills’ 2021 General Plan Annual Progress Report (GP APR) to the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (OPR). The Rolling Hills General Plan was last updated in its entirety on June 25, 1990. Its purpose is to comply with State law in guiding the physical development of the City; provide a long-range plan for future development in the City, which is sensitive to existing development patterns; and represents the desires of the community through an extensive public outreach process. The Rolling Hills General Plan includes the following elements:  Land Use Element (Amended February 8, 2021)  Housing Element (5th Cycle adopted June 14, 2021)  Circulation Element  Open Space/Conservation Element  Safety Element (Currently being updated)  Noise Element Compliance The Rolling Hills General Plan complies with OPR’s General Plan Guidelines. The following is a summary of actions related to the General Plan over the past year, including adopted ordinances and resolutions:  The City currently has no moratoriums related to the General Plan.  On January 25, 2021, Ordinance No. 368 was adopted to establish a process by which persons can request short-term use that might not meet the normal development or use standards of the applicable zoning district, but may otherwise be acceptable on a temporary basis.  On February 8, 2021, the City Council adopted Resolution No. 1270 amending the Land Use Element and Land Use Policy Map to allow for multifamily housing, single room occupancy, and emergency shelters. 28 Page 2 of 2     On February 22, 2021, Ordinance No. 369 was adopted to establish the Rancho Del Mar Housing Opportunity Overlay Zone to accommodate housing in compliance with the 5th Cycle Housing Element Update.  On June 14, 2021, City Council adopted Resolution No. 1277 adopting amendments to the 2014-2021 Rolling Hills Housing Element (5th Cycle).  On December 14, 2021, Urgency Ordinance No. 372-U was passed to implement Senate Bill 9 (“SB 9”), which involve urban lot splits and two-unit projects.  On December 14, 2021, Urgency Ordinance No. 373-U was passed to amend the Building Code and adopt reference to the Los Angeles County Code because of local climatic, geological, and topographical conditions.  On January 10, 2022, Ordinance Nos. 372 and 373 were adopted to permanently codify the issues discussed in Urgency Ordinance Nos. 372-U and 373-U above, respectively. Housing Element Update The City has been diligently working on its 6th Cycle Housing Element. The Draft Housing Element was sent to the Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) on January 11, 2022 for review and comment. Although the 6th Cycle Housing Element was due in October 2021, the City was delayed because it was required to first adopt its 5th Cycle Housing Element, which HCD certified on July 7, 2021. The City is currently awaiting comments from HCD on the 6th Cycle Housing Element, which it expects to receive by April 11, 2022. The City intends on addressing HCD’s comments and adopting a Housing Element that meets HCD’s requirements. This is expected to occur later on this year. Safety Element Update The City began its efforts to update the Safety Element in mid-2020 after being awarded a grant from the Governor's Office of Emergency Services (CalOES). The City obtained the professional services of Rincon Consultants, Inc. to prepare the Safety Element. Once completed, the Safety Element was sent to the California Board of Forestry and Fire Protection for review, but no recommendations or changes were made. On January 18, 2022, a presentation on the Safety Element was made to the Planning Commission. The presentation provided an overview on new legislation, policies, and topics included in the Safety Element. On February 15, 2022, the Planning Commission held a public hearing and recommended unanimously that the City Council adopt the Safety Element Update. On March 14, 2022, the City Council considered adopting the Safety Element Update, however, due to concerns regarding the environmental document, the Council continued the item to March 28, 2022. Staff has requested a time extension from CalOES on the grant and expects to complete all requirements by mid-July 2022. Thank you for your consideration. If you have any questions regarding the contents of this letter, please feel free to contact me at 310-377-1521 or email jsigno@cityofrh.net. Sincerely, John F. Signo, AICP Director of Planning and Community Services 29 Jurisidiction NameReporting Calendar YearFirst NameLast NameTitleEmailPhoneStreet AddressCityZipcodev 2_15_2022Optional: Click here to import last year's data. This is best used when the workbook is new and empty. You will be prompted to pick an old workbook to import from. Project and program data will be copied exactly how it was entered in last year's form and must be updated. If a project is no longer has any reportable activity, you may delete the project by selecting a cell in the row and typing ctrl + d.2 Portuguese Bend RoadRolling Hills90274Please Start HereGeneral Information 2021Rolling HillsContact InformationJohnSignoDirector of Planning and Community Servicesjsigno@cityofrh.net3103771521Mailing AddressAnnual Progress Report March 202230 JurisdictionRolling HillsANNUAL ELEMENT PROGRESS REPORTNote: "+" indicates an optional fieldReporting Year2021 (Jan. 1 - Dec. 31)Housing Element ImplementationPlanning Period5th Cycle10/15/2013 - 10/15/2021Date Application SubmittedTotal Approved Units by ProjectTotal Disapproved Units by ProjectStreamlining234678 9Prior APN+Current APN Street AddressProject Name+Local Jurisdiction Tracking ID+Unit Category(SFA,SFD,2 to 4,5+,ADU,MH)TenureR=RenterO=OwnerDate Application Submitted+(see instructions)Very Low-Income Deed RestrictedVery Low-Income Non Deed RestrictedLow-Income Deed RestrictedLow-Income Non Deed RestrictedModerate-Income Deed RestrictedModerate- Income Non Deed RestrictedAboveModerate-IncomeTotal PROPOSED Units by ProjectTotal APPROVED Units by projectTotal DISAPPROVED Units by ProjectWas APPLICATION SUBMITTED Pursuant to GC 65913.4(b)? (SB 35 Streamlining) Was a Density Bonus requested for this housing development?Summary Row: Start Data Entry Below0000090 9 9 0756902300633 Crest Road WestADUR3/18/202111 1 No No756700800963 Crest Road WestADUR3/31/202111 1 No No75690010312950 Palos Verdes Drive N.ADUR2/24/202111 1 No No75670100371 Packsaddle EastADUR9/14/202111 1 No No756700502879 Eastfield DriveADUR5/16/202111 1 No No756700603623 Chuckwagon RoadADUR1/21/202111 1 No No756902601227 Buggy Whip DriveADUR5/12/202111 1 No No756902600813 Buggy Whip DriveADUR9/16/202111 1 No No756902402923 Crest Road EastADUR8/25/202111 1 No No000000000000000Table AHousing Development Applications SubmittedCells in grey contain auto-calculation formulas51Project Identifier Unit Types Proposed Units - Affordability by Household Incomes (CCR Title 25 §6202)Density Bonus1031 JurisdictionRolling HillsANNUAL ELEMENT PROGRESS REPORTReporting Year2021 (Jan. 1 - Dec. 31)Housing Element ImplementationCells in grey contain auto-calculation formulasPlanning Period5th Cycle10/15/2013 - 10/15/2021Table A2Annual Building Activity Report Summary - New Construction, Entitled, Permits and Completed UnitsStreamlining InfillHousing without Financial Assistance or Deed RestrictionsTerm of Affordability or Deed RestrictionNotes23568911 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 192021 22 23 24 25Prior APN+Current APN Street AddressProject Name+Local Jurisdiction Tracking ID+Unit Category (SFA,SFD,2 to 4,5+,ADU,MH)TenureR=RenterO=OwnerVery Low- Income Deed RestrictedVery Low- Income Non Deed RestrictedLow- Income Deed RestrictedLow- Income Non Deed RestrictedModerate- Income Deed RestrictedModerate- Income Non Deed RestrictedAboveModerate-IncomeEntitlementDate Approved# of Units issued EntitlementsVery Low- Income Deed RestrictedVery Low- Income Non Deed RestrictedLow- Income Deed RestrictedLow- Income Non Deed RestrictedModerate- Income Deed RestrictedModerate- Income Non Deed RestrictedAboveModerate-IncomeBuilding Permits Date Issued# of Units Issued Building Permits Very Low- Income Deed RestrictedVery Low- Income Non Deed RestrictedLow- Income Deed RestrictedLow- Income Non Deed RestrictedModerate- Income Deed RestrictedModerate- Income Non Deed RestrictedAboveModerate-IncomeCertificates of Occupancy or other forms of readiness (see instructions) Date Issued# of Units issued Certificates of Occupancy or other forms of readinessHow many of the units were Extremely Low Income?+Was Project APPROVED using GC 65913.4(b)? (SB 35 Streamlining) Y/NInfill Units?Y/N+Assistance Programs for Each Development(may select multiple - see instructions)Deed Restriction Type(may select multiple - see instructions)For units affordable without financial assistance or deed restrictions, explain how the locality determined the units were affordable(see instructions)Term of Affordability or Deed Restriction (years) (if affordable in perpetuity enter 1000)+ Number of Demolished/Destroyed UnitsDemolished or Destroyed UnitsDemolished/Destroyed Units Owner or RenterTotal Density Bonus Applied to the Project (Percentage Increase in Total Allowable Units or Total Maximum Allowable Residential Gross Floor Area)Number of Other Incentives, Concessions, Waivers, or Other Modifications Given to the Project (Excluding Parking Waivers or Parking Reductions)List the incentives, concessions, waivers, and modifications (Excluding Parking Waivers or Parking Modifications)Did the project receive a reduction or waiver of parking standards? (Y/N)Notes+Summary Row: Start Data Entry Below0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0000 0 0 00000756901100311 Upper Blackwater Canyon RoadSFD O1 3/19/201911 3/22/2021 10NNo75670100371 Packsaddle Road EastADU R1 8/17/202111 11/17/2021 10NUnit size limits rent; comparable to other ADUs in areaNo000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000Density Bonus1Unit Types Affordability by Household Incomes - Completed Entitlement Affordability by Household Incomes - Building PermitsAffordability by Household Incomes - Certificates of Occupancy4710Note: "+" indicates an optional fieldHousing with Financial Assistance and/or Deed RestrictionsDemolished/Destroyed UnitsProject Identifier(CCR Title 25 §6202)32 JurisdictionRolling HillsANNUAL ELEMENT PROGRESS REPORTReporting Year2021 (Jan. 1 - Dec. 31)Housing Element ImplementationPlanning Period5th Cycle10/15/2013 - 10/15/2021(CCR Title 25 §6202)134RHNA Allocation by Income Level2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021Total Units to Date (all years)Total Remaining RHNA by Income LevelDeed Restricted - - - - - - - - - Non-Deed Restricted - - - - - - - - - Deed Restricted - - - - - - - - - Non-Deed Restricted - - - - - - - - - Deed Restricted - - - - - - - - - Non-Deed Restricted - - - - - - - - 1 Above Moderate 2 - 1 1 - 1 - - - 1 4 - 6 - 1 1 - 1 - - - 2 5 3 Note: units serving extremely low-income households are included in the very low-income permitted units totals and must be reported as very low-income units.Please note: The APR form can only display data for one planning period. To view progress for a different planning period, you may login to HCD's online APR system, or contact HCD staff at apr@hcd.ca.gov. - - This table is auto-populated once you enter your jurisdiction name and current year data. Past year information comes from previous APRs. 1 Moderate 2 1 1 Please contact HCD if your data is different than the material supplied here - 2Table BRegional Housing Needs Allocation ProgressPermitted Units Issued by Affordability 2 1 Please note: For the last year of the 5th cycle, Table B will only include units that were permitted during the portion of the year that was in the 5th cycle. For the first year of the 6th cycle, Table B will include units that were permitted since the start of the planning period.Total RHNATotal UnitsIncome LevelVery LowLow33 JurisdictionRolling HillsANNUAL ELEMENT PROGRESS REPORTReporting Year2021 (Jan. 1 - Dec. 31)Housing Element ImplementationPlanning Period5th Cycle10/15/2013 - 10/15/2021Date of RezoneRezone Type24567 9 10 11APN Street AddressProject Name+Local Jurisdiction Tracking ID+Date of RezoneVery Low-IncomeLow-Income Moderate-IncomeAbove Moderate-IncomeRezone Type Parcel Size(Acres)General Plan DesignationZoningMinimum Density Allowed Maximum Density AllowedRealistic CapacityVacant/NonvacantDescription of Existing Uses87567569-022-90038 Crest Road W PVUSD School Site2/22/2021 8 7Shortfall of Sites 31.14Very Low Density ResidentialResidential Agricultural Suburban 1 2 56 Non-Vacant Institutional uses Note: "+" indicates an optional fieldCells in grey contain auto-calculation formulasSummary Row: Start Data Entry Below83Project Identifier RHNA Shortfall by Household Income CategorySites Description1Sites Identified or Rezoned to Accommodate Shortfall Housing Need and No Net-Loss LawTable C(CCR Title 25 §6202)34 Jurisdiction Rolling Hills Reporting Year 2021 (Jan. 1 - Dec. 31) 123 4 Name of Program Objective Timeframe in H.E Status of Program Implementation Shared Housing Program Continue to provide informational brochures advertising existing shared housing programs to increase the number of roommate matches over the 2014-2021 period. Currently On-going (2014- 2021) Continue to provide information regarding shared housing programs in the area, and any potential roommate matches to seniors in the City. Reverse Mortgage Program: Continue to offer referral services to seniors interested in pursuing a reverse mortgage. Currently On-going (2014- 2021) Continue to provide information regarding reverse mortgage program referral services to seniors in the City. Sewer Feasibility Continue to consider sewer systems as new technology becomes available. Install first phase 2021 Continute to coordinate with a consulting engineer to establish a citywide sewer system. Plan for first phase of sewer system installation in 2021. Storm Water Runoff Continue to implement Best Management Practices (BMPs) pursuant to NPDES requirements and update Hydromodification Policy. 2020 and currently on-going The City is in compliance with NPDES requirements and conditions all development projects that are required to comply. Update hydromodification policies. Code and CC&R Enforcement Continue code enforcement efforts and hire full-time Code Enforcement Officer.2019 and currently ongoing In 2019, the City added a new position in the Planning and Community Service Department strictly for code enforcement. The code violations regarding residential structural deficiencies in the City of Rolling Hills are monitored by the Code Enforcement Officer and Building Inspector. Both City representatives monitor the violations until the issues are resolved. All noted violations have been resolved with a phone call or a letter during this planning period. Reasonable Accommodation Permission of residents to construct modifications as required to reduce barriers consistent with the Building Code. 2020 Establish policies for accessibility and housing for persons with disabilities. Energy Conservation Follow sustainable development and energy conservation recommendations of SCAG, and Green Building Code and Climate Action Plan Toolkit. 2020 Continue to implement sustainable practices. Adopt green building code, adopt Climate Action Plan tools. Facilitate New Construction The development of Rolling Hills’ buildout potential of up to 16 housing units during this planning period. These potential units satisfy Rolling Hills’ 2014-2021 regional share of Above Moderate Income housing. Currently on-going (2014- 2021). Continute to facilitate housing development to meet RHNA obligations. City has identified school district site for potential location for development of new housing. Facilitate Repair and Remodeling Activities Continue to assist all applicants for remodeling and remedial repair permits. Currently On-going (2014- 2021).Continue to assist applicants on proposed projects. Ground Instability Continue to require geologic studies for each new development to ensure that land is suitable for construction and that construction will not negatively impact adjacent properties. Adopt latest Building Code. 2019 Adopt 2019 Building Code. Continue to facilitate process between departments to ensure expeditious approval of projects. Housing Repair on Landslide Sites Continue to assist all persons qualified.Currently On-going (2014- 2021). Continue to facilitate process between departments to ensure expeditious approval of projects. Fair Housing Program Continue to provide informational brochures at the City Hall public counter and on request; and provide information regarding the Fair Housing Foundation and services they provide in the citywide newsletter. This information is available for distribution at community events. Currently On-going (2014- 2021).Continue to provide information regarding Fair Housing Programs and Practice. Emergency Shelter Establish policies 2020 Establish policies for emergency shelters. Assist in the Development of Affordable Housing Units Hold annual meetings with non-profit housing sponsors to coordinate and implement a strategy for developing affordable housing. 2020 Annual coordination with non-profit housing sponsors to beging during this planning period. Housing Programs Progress Report Describe progress of all programs including local efforts to remove governmental constraints to the maintenance, improvement, and development of housing as identified in the housing element. Table D Program Implementation Status pursuant to GC Section 65583 ANNUAL ELEMENT PROGRESS REPORT Housing Element Implementation (CCR Title 25 §6202) 35 Jurisdiction Rolling Hills Reporting Year 2021 (Jan. 1 - Dec. 31) Planning Period 5th Cycle 10/15/2013 - 10/15/2021 Current Year Deed Restricted 0 Non-Deed Restricted 0 Deed Restricted 0 Non-Deed Restricted 0 Deed Restricted 0 Non-Deed Restricted 1 1 2 Units by Structure Type Entitled Permitted Completed SFA 0 0 0 SFD 0 1 0 2 to 4 0 0 0 5+ 0 0 0 ADU 1 1 0 MH 0 0 0 Total 1 2 0 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 Income Rental Ownership Total Very Low 000 Low 000 Moderate 000 Above Moderate 000 Total 000 Cells in grey contain auto-calculation formulas Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Units Constructed - SB 35 Streamlining Permits Number of Streamlining Applications Approved Total Developments Approved with Streamlining Total Units Constructed with Streamlining Total Housing Applications Submitted: Number of Proposed Units in All Applications Received: Total Housing Units Approved: Total Housing Units Disapproved: Total Units Housing Applications Summary Use of SB 35 Streamlining Provisions Note: Units serving extremely low-income households are included in the very low-income permitted units totals Number of Applications for Streamlining Building Permits Issued by Affordability Summary Income Level 36 Jurisdiction Rolling Hills Reporting Year 2021 (Jan. 1 - Dec. 31) Total Award Amount Total award amount is auto‐populated based on amounts entered in rows 15‐26. Task $ Amount Awarded $ Cumulative Reimbursement Requested Other Funding Notes Housing Element - 5th Cycle $18,225.00 $18,225.00 None Admin. - Housing Grant $350.00 $350.00 None GIS, IS/MND, rezone, APR $17,050.00 $17,050.00 None IS/MND, tech. reports, maps $9,690.00 $9,690.00 None Revisions, CEQA, meetings $990.00 $990.00 None Council mtg., housing, planning $290.00 $290.00 None Housing Element - 6th Cycle $18,405.00 $0.00 None Summary of entitlements, building permits, and certificates of occupancy (auto‐populated from Table A2) Current Year Deed Restricted 0 Non-Deed Restricted 0 Deed Restricted 0 Non-Deed Restricted 0 Deed Restricted 0 Non-Deed Restricted 0 1 1 Current Year Deed Restricted 0 Non-Deed Restricted 0 Deed Restricted 0 Non-Deed Restricted 0 Deed Restricted 0 Non-Deed Restricted 1 1 2 Current Year Deed Restricted 0 Non-Deed Restricted 0 Deed Restricted 0 Non-Deed Restricted 0 Deed Restricted 0 Non-Deed Restricted 0 0 0 ANNUAL ELEMENT PROGRESS REPORT Local Early Action Planning (LEAP) Reporting (CCR Title 25 §6202) Completed Please update the status of the proposed uses listed in the entity’s application for funding and the corresponding impact on housing within the region or jurisdiction, as applicable, categorized based on the eligible uses specified in Section  50515.02 or 50515.03, as applicable. 65,000.00$                                                                                                                            Task Status Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed In Progress Total Units Certificate of Occupancy Issued by Affordability Summary Income Level Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Moderate Above Moderate Total Units Completed Entitlement Issued by Affordability Summary Income Level Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Total Units Building Permits Issued by Affordability Summary Income Level Very Low Low 37 Agenda Item No.: 8.F Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:JOHN SIGNO, DIRECTOR OF PLANNING & COMMUNITY SERVICES THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:CONSIDER AND APPROVE THE PLANNED EXPENDITURES FOR FISCAL YEAR 2022-2023 SAFE CLEAN WATER MUNICIPAL PROGRAM FUNDS FOR SUBMISSION TO LOS ANGELES COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT. DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: In 2018, Los Angeles County voters approved Measure W (Safe Clean Water Municipal Program Funds), a tax measure that is estimated to raise about $280 million annually for storm water projects that build up the county’s water self-sufficiency. Funding is provided through a parcel tax of 2.5 cents per square foot of impermeable land area (building, concrete, etc.). The measure provides cities, watershed areas, and Los Angeles County with the funds to capture, treat, and recycle storm water. The City Council has been involved in the planning efforts and has approved the plans for how these funds have been and will be utilized to advance the goals of the enabling legislation tied to Measure W. DISCUSSION: The LA County Flood Control District administers the program, distributes funds, provides staff support and oversees capacity building programs. Cities receive funding through the Municipal Program proportional to the revenues generated within its boundaries. The funds provide local agencies the opportunity to identify programs that will best address its stormwater and urban runoff. The funding can be used for eligible activities such as project development, design, construction, effectiveness monitoring, operations and maintenance, as well as for other programs and studies related to protecting and improving water quality in lakes, rivers and ocean. To receive funds, cities must submit their Safe Clean Water Municipal Program annually for review and approval. It is projected that the City will receive approximately $90,000 during FY2022/2023 in Municipal Program Funds. The City must spend at least 70% of its Municipal Program Funds on eligible expenses related to new projects or programs. Up to 30% of a City’s Municipal Program Funds may be used to pay for eligible costs and expenses related to the continuation 38 of programs. Twenty percent (20%) of the City’s projected Municipal Program Funds will be set aside in case revenues are lower than anticipated. Program funds are allocated as described in the attached expenditure budget. FISCAL IMPACT: The City will receive approximately $90,000 during Fiscal Year 2022-2023 in Municipal Program Funds. Previous revenue projections were $100,000. RECOMMENDATION: Approve as presented. ATTACHMENTS: CL_AGN_220328_22-23_SCW_Expenditure_Budget(FinalDraft).pdf 39 Item DescriptionActual cost for Line ItemCost for Ongoing Programs ‐ up to 30% of planned expendituresCost for New Projects or Programs ‐ at least 70% of planned expendituresSourceExplanation1ACoordinated Integrated Monitoring Program (CIMP) 39,641.29$   24,000.00$             CIMP MOU Cost share amount for FY2022‐23 less credit for overpayment in FY2021‐22 CIMP monitoring is an ongoing effort implemented prior to adoption of Measure W by the voters in November 2018.  As such, it is limited to a maximum of 30% of the City's Safe Clean Water Expenditures in a given fiscal year.  The "cost to be recovered" is calculated by applying the 30:70 (ongoing vs new effort) ratio against total expenditures in the 70% new effort column. 1B Sepulveda Canyon Monitoring Study 18,000.00$   18,000.00$                Estimated, will need to request proposal  from either NV5 or Geosyntec for continued flow monitoring.If required by LA Water Board as a condition of documenting the deemed compliance via 85%, 24‐hr runoff retention after joining the EWMP. This would be a new requirement and therefore falls in the 70% new effort category.Total 1 Stormwater Monitoring Items57,641.29$   24,000.00$             18,000.00$                2SCW Municipal Program Planning and Reporting8,000.00$     8,000.00$                  Estimated costs for consultant assistance with SCW planning and reporting based on similar effort/expenditures in FY2021‐22Eligible in the 70% category as a new effort since it is required by the SCW program.3 Enhanced Sediment Source Control 5,000.00$     5,000.00$                  10% of full time position salary during FY2022-23 (rounded to $5K since increases by CPI annually)New effort to address storm‐borne sediment pollutants associated with insufficiently controlled construction sites.4Expanded Low Impact Development Standards15,000.00$   15,000.00$                Estimate for consulting assistance for developing outreach materials, revising developer guide, and preparing code revisions as needed.Expansion of LID beyond baseline requirements in the MS4 Permit can be considered a new effort implemented since November 2018 to support the City's retention of the 85%, 24‐hr storm runoff.5Watershed Management Program Adaptive Management10,000.00$   10,000.00$                Carryover of consulting support in event that LA Water Board does not approve addendum in time to make final updates to EWMP during FY2021‐22.EWMP revisions are eligible in the 70% category as confirmed by LACFCD staff.24,000.00$             56,000.00$                  $                                                           80,000.00 Check: total planned expenditures are less than estimated funds available to spend in FY2022‐23 as shown below. $                                                           10,000.00 Estimated based on tracking of expenditures to date. $                                                           80,000.00 LACFCD Safe Clean Water Team recommends 20% Set Aside of funds in case of lower revenues than anticipated. $                                                           90,000.00 Total SCW Municipal Funds Available to Spend in FY2022‐23 or further carry overPLANNED EXPENDITURES FOR  FY22‐23 SAFE CLEAN WATER MUNICIPAL PROGRAM FUNDSPlanned Expenditures Estimated carryover of unspent funds from previous yearsEstimated Muncipal SCW Tax Return for FY2022‐23 ($100,000) less 20% recommended set‐aside40 Agenda Item No.: 8.G Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:JOHN SIGNO, DIRECTOR OF PLANNING & COMMUNITY SERVICES THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:RECEIVE AND FILE THE INITIAL JURISDICTION COMPLIANCE REPORT TO BE SUBMITTED TO CALRECYCLE BY APRIL 1, 2022. DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: CalRecycle requires each jurisdiction to report on its implementation and compliance with the requirements of the regulations to implement Senate Bill 1383 (regulations), Title 14, Division 7, Chapter 12 of the California Code of Regulations (CCR). The attached form is used to comply with the reporting requirement. The initial compliance report must be submitted to the Department by April 1, 2022. DISCUSSION: Rolling Hills has been granted a low population waiver from CalRecycle due to its disposal of less than 5,000 tons of solid waste in 2014 and the City's population being under 7,500. As such, staff contact CalRecycle to ask if the reporting is necessary. CalRecycle staff indicated that reporting is required, however, since the City is mostly single-family residential most questions in the compliance report will be marked "not applicable." CalRecycle does require recent ordinances dealing with waste, landscaping, and the Building Code to be included in the submittal. Staff will include Ordinance No. 361 (Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance), Ordinance No. 362 (Construction or Demolition Waste), Ordinance No. 373 (Building Code/Fire Code), and Ordinance No. 374 (Edible Food Recovery) as part of the submittal. These ordinances have all been passed by the City Council and are not attached to this report. FISCAL IMPACT: None. RECOMMENDATION: Receive and file. ATTACHMENTS: CL_AGN_220328_Feb9_InitialJurisdictionReport.pdf 41 42 Initial Jurisdiction Compliance Report Due on or before April 1, 2022 Each jurisdiction shall report to CalRecycle (the department) on its implementation and compliance with the requirements of the regulations to implement Senate Bill 1383 (regulations), Title 14, Division 7, Chapter 12 of the California Code of Regulations (CCR). This form may be used by jurisdictions to comply with this reporting requirement. The initial compliance report shall be submitted to the Department by April 1, 2022. Please clearly print or type your responses. This form was structured to make it easier for jurisdictions to provide information if different collection systems are implemented for residential and commercial collection systems. If any questions do not apply to a jurisdiction, please mark answer as not applicable or n/a. Attach additional pages as necessary. Use of this form for reporting is optional and not a regulatory requirement. For more information, please refer to the full provisions of 14 CCR Section 18994.1. Jurisdiction Name: City of Rolling Hills County: Los Angeles Person completing the report: John F. Signo First Name: John Last Name: Signo Title: Director of Planning and Community Services Mailing Address: 2 Portuguese Bend Road City: Rolling Hills Zip Code: 90274 E-mail Address: jsigno@cityofrh.net Phone Number: 310-377-1521 1. Jurisdiction employee designated as primary contact person for the purposes of receiving communications regarding compliance with the regulations: First Name: Elaine Last Name: Jeng Title: City Manager Mailing Address: 2 Portuguese Bend Road City: Rolling Hills Zip Code: 90274 43 E-mail Address: ejeng@cityofrh.net Phone Number: 310-377-1521 2. Is the same person identified in question 1, the agent designated by the jurisdiction for receipt of service of process for the purposes of enforcement? Yes ☒ No☐ 3. If no to question 2, identify the agent designated by the jurisdiction for receipt of service of process for the purposes of enforcement: First Name: Last Name: Title: Mailing Address: City: Zip Code: 4. Provide a copy of ordinances or other enforceable mechanisms adopted (pursuant to 14 CCR Section 18981.2) that will be used to enforce the regulations within the jurisdiction. 5. Specify the type of organic waste collection service(s) provided for residential collection (select all that apply). Collection system Number of residential generators receiving service ☐ 3+ containers ☐ 3-container ☐ 2-container ☐ 1-container unsegregated ☒ Other City has low population waiver 6. If Other was selected in question 5, describe collection service provided for residential collection. 7. Specify the type of organic waste collection service(s) provided for commercial collection (select all that apply). Collection system Number of commercial generators receiving service ☐ 3+ containers 44 ☐ 3-container ☐ 2-container ☐ 1-container unsegregated ☒ Other N/A 8. If Other was selected in question 7, describe collection service provided for commercial collection. N/A 9. What is the Recycling and Disposal Reporting System (RDRS) number(s) of the high diversion organic waste processing facility (HDOWPF) where the unsegregated organics are being sent to, if applicable? N/A Allowed Material in Green Containers and Collection Facilities 1. Are compostable plastics allowed to be placed in the green container? N/A Yes ☐ No☐ 2. If yes, identify each facility that provided notice to the jurisdiction that it accepts and recovers compostable plastics from the green collection container? The RDRS number(s) may be used, if applicable. N/A 3. Are organics allowed to be placed in plastic bags in the green container? Yes ☐ No☐ 4. If yes, identify each facility that provided notice to the jurisdiction that it accepts and removes plastic bags when it recovers source separated organic waste? The RDRS number(s) may be used, if applicable. N/A Performance-Based Source Separated Organic Waste Collection Service 1. Is your jurisdiction going to implement a performance-based source separated organic waste collection service (14 CCR, Division 7, Article 17)? N/A Yes ☐ No☐ 2. Do you certify that at least 90 percent of the commercial businesses and 90 percent of the residential sector are enrolled in a collection service that complies with the requirements of the regulations? Yes ☒ No☐ I hereby certify under penalty of perjury that the information provided herein is true and correct to the best of my knowledge. John F. Signo, AICP Director of Plng. & CS 3/23/22 ------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------ Signature Printed Name Title Date 45 Agenda Item No.: 8.H Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:JOHN SIGNO, DIRECTOR OF PLANNING & COMMUNITY SERVICES THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:RECEIVE AND FILE A REQUEST FOR TIME EXTENSION FOR THE SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE FROM CALOES DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: The City began its efforts to update the Safety Element in mid-2020 after being awarded funding from the Governor's Office of Emergency Services (CalOES). The grant was originally scheduled to end on August 31, 2021, however, the City requested an extension on August 11, 2021. The current completion date is May 9, 2022. DISCUSSION: Due to delays and CalOES' requirement to close out the grant, a time extension has been requested to July 15, 2022. FISCAL IMPACT: The City obtained a grant from CalOES for $47,624 to update the Safety Element. The City is committed to providing $15,875 in local match (General Fund) to meet the total project cost of $63,499. So far, the City has spent $60,623.50 in consultant and administrative costs. Certification of the Element provides an indirect positive fiscal impact by reducing legal risks and qualifying the City for State planning grants. RECOMMENDATION: Receive and file. ATTACHMENTS: CL_AGN_220328_SafetyElement_TimeExtensionRequest.pdf 46 47 48 Agenda Item No.: 8.I Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:JOHN SIGNO, DIRECTOR OF PLANNING & COMMUNITY SERVICES THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:RECEIVE AND FILE A LETTER FROM THE LOS ANGELES REGIONAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL BOARD REGARDING THE PALOS VERDES PENINSULA WATERSHED MANAGEMENT GROUP'S TIME SCHEDULE ORDER FOR MACHADO LAKE. DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: On December 1, 2021, the Palos Verdes Peninsula Watershed Management Group (WMG), which includes the City of Rolling Hills, submitted an updated request for a Time Schedule Order (TSO) for requirements related to the Machado Lake Nutrients Total Maximum Daily Load (Nutrients TMDL) and the Machado Lake Pesticides and PCBs TMDL (Toxics TMDL) contained in the Regional MS4 Permit. The Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board (Water Board) reviewed and evaluated the TSO request as stated in the attached March 17, 2022 letter, and determined the TSO not does not provide adequate detail that would result in compliance. DISCUSSION: Staff will be working with other members of the WMG in order to address the concerns of the Water Board. FISCAL IMPACT: None. RECOMMENDATION: Receive and file. ATTACHMENTS: CL_AGN_220328_PVP_WMG_TSO_Review.pdf 49 50 51 52 53 Agenda Item No.: 11.A Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:ELAINE JENG, CITY MANAGER THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:RECEIVE AND FILE A VERBAL REPORT FROM THE LOS ANGELES COUNTY FIRE DEPARTMENT ON FIRE FUEL ABATEMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS. DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: In support of the city's goals and priorities to implement wildfire mitigation measures, the Los Angeles County Fire Department (FD) provided Deputy Forester Trevor Moore to conduct complimentary home hardening inspections since September 2020. The FD also provide personnel to attend all Block Captain meetings and all neighborhood zone meetings since January 2019. The FD also attended Fire Fuel Committee meetings, Palos Verdes Peninsula Public Safety Committee meetings (comprising of four Peninsula cities) and other meetings with city staff on specific subject matters on an as-needed basis. The FD also implemented year-round roadside inspections since October 2020 to ensure that evacuation routes in the community are well maintained to serve in the event of an emergency. Annual brush clearance inspections are conducted in June and July by the local Fire Station 56. DISCUSSION: The FD is reporting that the city has implemented numerous initiatives to prevent wildfires. The FD is also observing a shift in community participation on vegetation management and fire fuel abatement in Rolling Hills. Acting Assistant Fire Chief Brian Bennett arranged for FD personnel to provide a report to the City Council on the department's observations and feedback on the activities they have observed. FISCAL IMPACT: There is no fiscal impact. RECOMMENDATION: Receive and file. ATTACHMENTS: 54 Agenda Item No.: 11.B Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:JOHN SIGNO, DIRECTOR OF PLANNING & COMMUNITY SERVICES THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:PROPOSAL FROM PALOS VERDES PENINSULA LAND CONSERVANCY FOR A FOURTH PHASE OF FUEL ABATEMENT IN THE NATURE PRESERVE CLOSEST TO THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: On February 14, 2022, the City Council voted unanimously to direct staff to prepare an amendment with the Palos Verdes Peninsula Land Conservancy (PVPLC) for one year maintenance of the Phase 3 area for $14,000.00. On February 28, 2022, the City Council approved a third amendment with PVPLC for maintenance in the Phase 3 area. DISCUSSION: At the request of Council at the February meetings, PVPLC has prepared a proposal for a fourth phase closest to the City's boundaries. It includes approximately 1.5 acres of acacia cutting and chipping and 5.5 acres of mustard mowing. The proposal is summarized in the table below. TABLE 1 - PHASE 4 PROPOSAL Area (acres)Cost Acacia Cutting and Chipping 1.5 $13,200 Mowing of Mustard 5.5 $25,800 One-Time Project Total >7 $39,000 FISCAL IMPACT: The total one-time cost for Phase 4 is $39,000. If the City Council approves fuel abatement work for a fourth area in the Nature Preserve, the expense will need a transfer from the General Fund Reserves to pay for the work. RECOMMENDATION: Consider and approve as presented. ATTACHMENTS: 55 2022.3.14 City Council_Fuel Load Reduction_Phase4.pdf CL_AGN_220328_PVPLC_ReducingFuelLoadProject_2022(Phase 4).pdf 56 Rolling Hills Fuel Load Reduction Palos Verdes Peninsula Land Conservancy 2022 Phase 4 Cris Sarabia Conservation Director 57 Overview 1.5 acres of Acacia 5.5 acres of mowing 58 59 60 Phase 4 61 Phase 4 62 Phase 4 63 Phase 4 64 Phase 4 65 Acacia Cutting and Chipping ~1.5 $13,200 Mowing of mustard ~5.5 $25,800 One-time Project Total ~7.5 $39,000 66 1 Proposal to the City of Rolling Hills Fuel Load Reduction in 2022(Phase 4) Submitted by the Palos Verdes Peninsula Land Conservancy The Palos Verdes Peninsula Land Conservancy (Conservancy) is continues to be intimately aware of the fire concerns on the Palos Verdes Peninsula, and continues to discuss measures to reduce fire risk with the four peninsula cities. Conservancy staff members work with City of Rolling Hills staff to implement fuel modification work as required by County Department of Agriculture Weights and Measures as part of landowner responsibilities for fuel modification near adjacent homes as well as measures above and beyond. Additionally, the Conservancy clears over 90 acres of weeds in restoration sites within the Palos Verdes Nature Preserve and clears 30+ miles of trails annually. This weeding approach is very specialized and must be accomplished while complying with the NCCP/HCP implementation guidelines and respecting the natural resources on the preserve. We understand that the city desires to continue to prioritize efforts to reduce fuel load in Preserve areas, and the Conservancy understands that vegetation exists beyond current fuel mod zones that pose fire threats. Therefore, the Conservancy is offering technical expertise to aid the City and augment city staff in the effort to continue reduce fuel load vegetation by targeting the removal of invasive plants such as Acacia and Mustard and other non-native plants, which in turn improves habitat for local wildlife, including the federally threatened coastal California gnatcatcher, the cactus wren, a state species of concern and the federally endangered Palos Verdes Blue Butterfly. This proposal outlines the potential areas for this extra 2022 work. The areas identified in Portuguese Bend Reserve include the areas abutting and leading into Rolling Hills in Portuguese Canyon, Ishibashi Canyon and Paintbrush Canyon. In total, an approximate 7 acres are proposed for fuel load reduction in the Preserve. This work can be completed in less than 4 weeks by simultaneously removing Acacia and mowing dry brush in order to complete this work in a timely manner during fire season. For these additional efforts, the Conservancy requests a one-time grant from the city up to $39,000 for the proposed work outlined herein. The Conservancy understands the city’s timing considerations and would be prepared to begin the work as soon as funding is made available. The Conservancy has identified the priority removal of tall Acacia shrubs due to their combustible nature (Acacia shrub contain an estimated 90% dry plant matter and volatile resins) and their prevalence throughout the Preserve and border areas. The locations for the proposed Acacia removal were chosen due to prior fires occurring in those areas, proximity to homes and risk to the community as well as the ecological benefits of invasive plant removal. Fire agencies agree that Acacia is a highly flammable plant and that it should be removed wherever possible. It was included as a high-hazard plant in the L.A. County Fire Department’s recently published “Ready! Set! Go!” pamphlet. This proposal also includes the removal of other non-native shrubs and trees 67 2 like Chinese Pistache, Myoporum and Ash trees. Mustard when dry, continues to be a high fire risk species. The continued expansion of mowing areas is also included in this proposal. The Conservancy, as Habitat Managers for the Preserve, has qualified experts on staff with the experience required to oversee the work to be performed and will assure the correct and safe removal of the invasive plants using the best techniques at the most efficient cost. The results of this work will be shared with the City provided at the conclusion of the work performed. Where possible and with simpler tasks, volunteers will be deployed to augment the work volume and control costs. In ongoing maintenance activities, the Conservancy will create internship and volunteer opportunities for invasive plant management to keep the Acacia from re-invading the areas and to assist in monitoring activities. In this way, additional valuable learning opportunities will be made available to local youth. As projects are completed and conditions are assessed, restoration in these locations may be appropriate and funding may be pursued, since this proposal does not include replanting in the Acacia removal sites. Acacia Removal Approximately 1.5 acres These Acacia removal sites are situated in the northern portion of Portuguese Bend Reserve along the border with the city of Rolling Hills. A fire occurred at this location in 2009 burning approximately 230 acres. Much of the vegetation was burned, including the non-native Acacia, which has since begun to grow back from stump sprouting and seed germination. It is recommended that crews enter the area on foot as possible and remove shrubs with chainsaws and lighter equipment. Trees should be chipped in designated areas and treated to prevent regrowth. The site will be monitored for seed germination and removal. The Acacia throughout this area totals approximately 1.5 acres. This site is known habitat of the federally threatened coastal California gnatcatcher and the cactus wren, a state species of concern as well as other species of concern. Mowing Area Approximately 5.5 acres There is a large stand of invasive mustard in west of Paintbrush Canyon that is dry and can be mowed. This site is adjacent to historical farmland and were disked in subsequent years, so the loose soils have provided a disturbance regime which is particularly favorable to mustard and non-native grasses and weeds. Approximately 5.5 acres of mustard is at this location. Slopes are very steep and high quality coastal sage scrub habitat is scattered throughout the slope. Careful consideration to not damage native plants and close oversight will be needed. In response to community concern about the vast expanse of dry mustard growth at Portuguese Bend Reserve, the Conservancy will oversee mowing in this area and conduct bird nesting surveys. 68 10 Acacia Removal Site in Red Polygon, Mowing Sites in Blue Acacia Removal Site in Red Polygon 69 11 Budget The budget reflects a typical detailed tree and shrub removal project within the preserve with minimal disturbance to native habitat and to the surrounding vegetation, following NCCP/HCP protocols. Careful non-native tree removals proposed in this project, increase the habitat value for the federally threatened coastal California gnatcatcher and cactus wren, a state species of concern, as well as other native species while providing public benefit. These costs reflect the estimated time it would take the contractors to complete the project using hand tools and machinery to either chip tree material or haul plant material offsite and oversight and bird monitoring by Conservancy biologists to assure that best management practices are implemented (ie. minimization and avoidance measures such as nesting bird surveys are required by the NCCP/HCP). These costs are based on best estimates provided by contractors for the Acacia removal and for mowing as two separate projects. For maximum benefit for fuel load reduction and habitat, both projects are recommended to be completed concurrently. Project Acres Budget Acacia Cutting and Chipping ~1.5 $13,200 Mowing of mustard ~5.5 $25,800 One-time Project Total ~7.5 $39,000 70 12 Other Project Considerations This project is a worthwhile investment into the long-term benefit of the communities adjacent to the open space and wildlife within. While more costly per acre to implement new, labor- intensive work than annual fuel modification weed whacking efforts, removing Acacia and other non-native trees is a positive, visible impact to the landscape and a one-time project cost to the City in these target areas. This is unlike areas of mustard which, while needed to reduce fire threat, require annual treatment and ongoing maintenance costs. To help ensure that this investment is successful, the Conservancy recommends annual monitoring of areas to prevent regrowth. This project strategy is supported by the Fire Department, which has identified Acacia removal as a priority effort to reduce fire fuel load in the Preserve. This project is also responding to the nearby community requests to respond to nuisance Acacia and mustard near homes on the Preserve border. Community Partnerships As part of the Conservancy’s collaborative approach, we partner with various organizations to complete projects and provide various benefits to the community. If the timing and logistics are appropriate, we would work with some of our partner organizations to add to the costs savings. We work with the Los Angeles Zoo and Botanical Gardens which accept fresh Acacia greenery for the enhancement of their animal’s physical and mental health. We will save many of the straight long branches from the Acacia tree for delineation of trails and to provide ground snags for lizards and insects. We also have a partnership with the local schools that offer woodworking classes for instructional teaching. Lastly, if the material does not contain seeds, we will use the chipped wood as a mulch in fuel modification zones to keep weeds down into the future. The Conservancy will also engage the local colleges with applicable internships which allow students to gain a better understanding of the natural world, resource management and gain experience to prepare to enter the workforce. Thousands of hours of intern assistance with projects have been logged and counting. By engaging these students who span from across the globe, we are creating a lasting experience and leaving a lasting impression of the great natural habitat that exists on the peninsula. Currently the Conservancy is hosting an Americorp team and if schedule permits, the team will assist with this project. Potential for Restoration and Supplemental Work As these projects are completed, the cleared land can provide opportunity for habitat restoration and enhancement. A species that is potentially applicable to many of the local habitat types of Palos Verdes, is our local cactus. While no plant is fireproof, there are certain characteristics which make some plants more resistive to fire, such as cactus. Where applicable cactus can be 71 13 planted and maintained until establishment, if supplemental funding is available. Mature cactus holds a mutual relationship with the cactus wren, a state species of concern, since the cacti needles protect young nestlings from predators, providing the best habitat. To make a larger impact, the Conservancy typically plants mature cactus that is appropriate for immediate nesting, giving us more value per dollar spent. The approximate cost for planting and maintaining a 1 acre cactus restoration project over a 5 year span is approximately $30,000, and the Conservancy would be pleased to provide a restoration plan for lands along the Rolling Hills border of the Preserve for the benefit of community and wildlife. 72 Agenda Item No.: 11.C Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:ROBERT SAMARIO, FINANCE DIRECTOR THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:REVIEW SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SERVICE FEE INCREASE FOR FY 2022-2023 AND CONSIDER SETTING PROPOSITION 218 REQUIRED PROTEST HEARING DATE. DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: In March of each fiscal year, the City's refuse provider, Republic Services, requests an annual increase to their rates pursuant to the agreement between the City of Rolling Hills and Republic. Per Section 11.5b of the agreement, Republic can request an increase based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI). For the twelve months ended June 2021, the CPI for "All Urban Consumers" rose by 3.45%. As a result, Republic has requested an increase to t he current rate per resident of $45.95 and would result in the current rate of $1,332.41 per year increasing to $1,378.36 ($1,332.41 x 1.0345) starting July 1, 2021. Although the City's payment to Republic per resident would increase to $1,378.36, the City only charges City residents $1,100 per year. Beginning in fiscal year 2015/16, the City Council has annually elected to forego passing on the rate increases to City residents and thereby subsidizing trash rates from General Fund revenues, including taxes. The projected subsidy to be provided to City residents from the General Fund for fiscal year 2022-23 is $190,677. DISCUSSION: Per state law, local governments that provide refuse and other utility services (e.g., water, wastewater, etc.) are allowed to charge customers for the full cost to provide these services. In addition, any proposed rate increases must be noticed, and a public hearing must be held 45 days after the date of the notice, prior to the implementation of rate increases. Residents can reject any proposed rate increases with written protests by a majority of affected property owners. If the City Council wishes to increase refuse rates charged to City residents starting July 1, 2022, staff would need to send out notices to all City residents of such proposed rate increases soon. If City Council elects not to pass on the rate increase and continue to subsidize rates from the General Fund, no communication from staff to residents will be 73 necessary. FISCAL IMPACT: The fiscal impact to the General Fund would be an increase in the current refuse subsidy of $159,199.48 to $190,676.60. RECOMMENDATION: Review refuse rate increase and provide direction for setting Proposition 218 protest hearing date. ATTACHMENTS: CL_AGN_220328_Projected Refuse Costs.pdf CL_AGN_220328_11C_RH_RateAdjustmentRequest2022.pdf 74 Fiscal Year 2021-22 Refuse Rates Rate per Residence 1,332.41$ Number of Residents 685 Annual Charges by Republic 912,700.85$ Calculated Increase for FY 2022-23 Fiscal Year 2021-22 Refuse Rates 1,332.41$ Requested Rate Increase (3.45%)1.0345 Project Cost per Resident - FY 2022-23 1,378.36 Number of Residents 685 Projected Charge to City for FY 2022-23 944,176.60$ Calculation of City Subsidy Projected Charge to City for FY 2022-23 944,176.60$ Projected Charge to Residents 753,500.00 Projected City Subsidy 190,676.60$ Net Position of Utility Fund at June 30, 2021 54,046.00$ CITY OF ROLLING HILLS Projected Refuse Rates and Cost of Service Fiscal Year 2022-23 75 76 77 78 Agenda Item No.: 12.A Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:CHRISTIAN HORVATH, THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:RECEIVE ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON HQE SYSTEMS' PROPOSED OUTDOOR SIREN SYSTEM AND DIRECT STAFF TO CONDUCT A COMMUNITY SURVEY FOR FEEDBACK ON AN OUTDOOR SIREN SYSTEM. DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: In Fiscal Years 2019-2020 and 2020-2021, the City Council provided funding for the Block Captain Program investigate communication platforms in the event of complete power failure in the community. The Block Captains and city staff used funds to purchase two-way radios and when the handheld radio option proved to be ineffective, a Request for Proposal (RFP) was issued to solicit proposals on other communication systems. City staff presented a feasibility proposal from HQE System Inc. (HQE) for an outdoor siren system. On April 26, 2021, staff recommended that City Council engage the services of HQE. The City Council directed Councilmember Jeff Pieper to work with staff to better understand the evolution of the communication project and the scope of the feasibility study. As directed, staff met with Councilmember Pieper on four occasions: May 20, 2021, July 15, 2021, July 23, 2021 and August 12, 2021. Some of the meetings with Councilmember Pieper included the Lead Block Captains Arlene and Gene Honbo. Staff also worked with Project Manager Alan Palermo and HQE to provide technical information requested by Councilmember Pieper. The feasibility study by HQE Systems Inc. is intended to identify the hardware, location of the hardware, software, system integration, and a detailed cost estimate to install a siren system for the community. The Lead Block Captains, along with many members of the Block Captains were in support of a feasibility study. The City Council ultimately engaged HQE to provide a feasibility study. At the January 10, 2022 City Council meeting staff presented the final feasibility report from HQE and recommended the City Council to conduct a community survey to gauge interest for an outdoor siren system. In review of the feasibility report, the City Council requested information relating to the annual maintenance cost of the proposed outdoor siren system. The City Council also requested a street level map of Option A and Option B presented in the 79 feasibility study. DISCUSSION: At the February 28, 2022 City meeting, the City Council had additional questions on HQE's feasibility study. In Option A outlined in the feasibility report, Councilmember Leah Mirsch asked if the poles have camouflage capability. HQE responded that all proposed poles can be camouflaged. In response to the City Council's request for street level maps to identify approximately locations of proposed poles, HQE sent personnel to the city on March 9, 2022 to revisit sound propagation points from their software to precisely locate proposed pole locations in the community. HQE also took photos of proposed pole locations to enhance the review of street level maps. At the February 28, 2022 City Council meeting, Mayor Pro Tem Jim Black noted that the community survey should include a question asking residents if they want a siren system if poles needed to be placed on private property. Staff added one question to the community survey for consideration. FISCAL IMPACT: Should the City Council decide to move forward with an outdoor siren system as proposed in HQE's feasibility study, Solution A considered aesthetic for an estimated construction cost of $310,602. Solution B offers the most reliable solution in the market today for an estimate of $144,573. The anticipated annual m aintenance Cost is: $12,000.00 (increased at 3% inflation rate per year). The Fiscal Year 2021- 2022 adopted budget does not include funding for implementing an outdoor siren system. The city has an annual subscription to Survey Monkey - online survey system - funded by the operation budget for Fiscal Year 2021-2022. There would be no fiscal impact should the City Council moves forward with a community survey. RECOMMENDATION: Receive additional information on HQE Systems' feasibility report and direct staff to conduct a community survey. ATTACHMENTS: HQE Systems - City of Rolling Hills - Response Letter - Detailed Installation Locations.pdf HQE Systems - Mass Notification Systems Installation Report - The City of Rolling Hills - Final JW (Email Version 2).pdf HQE Systems - General Maintenance Service Scope .pdf Emergency Alert Siren System Community Survey FINAL2022-03-10.pdf CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_14A_Supplemental-01a.pdf CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_14A_Supplemental-01b_Redacted.pdf CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_14A_Supplemental-01c_Redacted.pdf CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_14A_Supplemental-02.pdf CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_14A_Supplemental-03_Redacted.pdf CL_AGN_220314_CC_BlueFolderItem_14A_Supplemental-04_Redacted.pdf CL_AGN_220328_CC_BlueFolderItem_12A_Supplemental-01_Redacted.pdf 80 CL_AGN_220328_CC_BlueFolderItem_12A_Supplemental-02_Redacted.pdf 81 Ref: HQE-RH-003 TO:The City of Rolling Hills 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, CA 90274 (310)-377-1521 OUTDOOR WARNING SIREN LOCATIONS - STREET LEVEL Members of the City Council & The City Manager, It is with great pleasure that HQE Systems, Inc. continues to serve and assist the City of Rolling Hills and its residents. As a FEMA certified California Disabled Veteran Business Entity (DVBE) and a Minority-Owned Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business (SDVOSB), HQE prides itself for always going the extra mile for its client partners. HQE’s senior outdoor warning sirens subject matter expert conducted an on-site verification of the proposed locations of the outdoor warning sirens. Based on the sound propagation analysis and the on-site survey, HQE has consolidated the proposed installation points on the document attached. Please note that these locations are only suggestions and the final locations can be changed by the City to meet its desired end configuration. HQE will be able to adjust the sound propagation plan prior to conducting any final installation. This will ensure that the City has the outdoor sirens located at the desired locations while ensuring the coverage is adequate. All pole types can be camouflaged to match the environment. If you have any questions or concerns, please feel free to contact me. You can reach me at 1(800) 967-3036 X203 or Henry.Hernandez@HQESystems.com Sincerely, HENRY HERNANDEZ Chief Operating Officer - HQE Systems, Inc. FEMA Certified HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 1 82 Attachment: Proposed Outdoor Warning Siren Installation Points. Option A:30 Feet Poles (QTY 9 Outdoor Warning Siren Poles) HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 2 83 Pole # Grid Coordinate Street Level Location 1 33.7728, -118.3473 HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 3 84 2 33.7679, -118.3511 HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 4 85 3 33.7692, -118.3400 HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 5 86 4 33.7635, -118.3592 HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 6 87 5 33.7580, -118.3522 HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 7 88 6 33.7608, -118.3429 HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 8 89 7 33.7544, -118.3368 HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 9 90 8 33.7466, -118.3522 HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 10 91 9 33.7471 -118.3411 HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 11 92 Option B:50 Feet Poles (QTY 3 Outdoor Warning Siren Poles) HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 12 93 Pole #Grid Coordinate Street Level Location 1 33.768614, -118.347668 HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 13 94 2 33.7581, -118.3493 HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 14 95 3 33.7497, -118.3422 HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 15 96 End of Document “It is our goal at HQE to continue to serve our veterans through our ‘Hire Veterans Policy HQE-2015-2025’.We appreciate all of our current and past customers who have helped us meet our goals of hiring veterans throughout the years.Your support in HQE is directly impacting the support of our amazing veterans.Thank you for your consideration and support of Minority Business Enterprise (MBE),Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE),and Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB)!.” Thank You from the team of HQE Systems Inc. Qas Ari Hen rde CEO, Disabled Veteran / Retired COO, Disabled Veteran HQE Systems, Inc. is a Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) www.HQESystems.com 16 97 Mass Notification Report Global Headquarters | 42075 Remington Ave. Suite 109 | Temecula, CA 92105 | 800.967.3036 www.HQESystems.com Prepared December 2021 For The City Of Rolling Hills, California 98 Disclaimer of Liability Neither HQE Systems,Inc.,nor its contributors shall be held liable for any improper or incorrect use of the information described and/or contained in this report herein and assumes no responsibility for anyone's use of the information.In no event shall HQE Systems,Inc.or its contributors be liable for any direct,indirect,incidental,special,exemplary,or consequential damages (including,but not limited to: procurement of substitute goods or services;loss of use,data,or profits;or business interruption) however caused and on any theory of liability,whether in contract,strict liability,tort (including negligence or otherwise),or any other theory arising in any way out of the use of this report,even if advised of the possibility of such damage.This disclaimer of liability applies to any damages or injury, whether based on alleged incorrect data,negligence or any other cause of action,including but not limited to damages or injuries caused by any failure of performance,error,omission,interruption, deletion,defect,delay in operation or transmission,computer virus,communication line failure,and/or theft, destruction or unauthorized access to, alteration of, or use of any record. 99 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA HQE Systems,Inc.is a privately owned and operated Minority Owned FEMA Certified Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB). “It is our goal at HQE to continue to serve our veterans through our ‘Hire Veterans Policy HQE-2015-2025’.We appreciate all of our current and past customers who have helped us meet our goals of hiring veterans throughout the years.Your support in HQE is directly impacting the support of our amazing veterans. Thank you for the opportunity to serve you and your community!” Thank You from the team of HQE Systems Inc. Qas Ari Hen rde CEO, Disabled Veteran / Retired COO, Disabled Veteran 2 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.100 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 4 2. Background 5 3. The City of Rolling Hills Consideration Factors 6 3.1 General Information 6 3.2 Topographic Information 6 3. Report Development Methodology 7 2.1 Kick-Off Meeting (Clear Project Guidelines)7 2.2 Site Survey (Gathering Information)7 2.3 Sound Propagation Analysis (Data-Driven Planning)7 2.4 Mass Notification Systems Installation Study 8 4. Mass Notifications System Types Overview 9 4.1 Electronic Notification Solutions (ENS) Web & Cellular Alerting 9 4.2 Indoor Notification Solutions 10 4.3 Outdoor Notification Solutions 11 4.3.1 Outdoor Warning Sirens & Speakers 12 4.3.2 The Leading Outdoor Warning Siren System 13 5. Proposed Solution Options 17 5.1 Installation Solution Options 17 5.1.1 Option A: Low Visibility Installation Option Sound Coverage 18 5.1.2 Option B: Lowest Cost Installation Option Sound Coverage 20 5.2 Outdoor Warning Siren Pole Tree Facade 22 5.2.1 Simulated View Of Siren Poles With Tree Facades 24 5.3 Mobile Alert Expeditionary Unit (Si-MAX) Option 25 6.0 Conclusion of Report 27 3 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.101 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 1. Executive Summary To the distinguished City of Rolling Hills’s City Council Members, HQE Systems,Inc.(HQE)is a Minority-Owned,FEMA Certified Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business (SDVOSB)with its global headquarters in Temecula,CA.Since 2014,HQE has been designing, engineering,installing,and maintaining Mass Notification Systems (Central Control Units,Outdoor Sirens,Control Cabinets,Radios,Solar Chargers,and Subcomponents of Mass Notification Systems) solutions for a host of clients worldwide.HQE is a brand agnostic systems integrator that has installed over 1,000+ Mass Notification Systems for all levels of the Government and Federal Agencies. HQE was retained by The City of Rolling Hills,California,to investigate the feasibility of installing an effective Mass Notification System.The intent of the system is to provide Mass Alerting and Warning in the event of natural and manmade disasters including wildfires,terrorist events,and severe weather. HQE’s Mass Notification Systems installation Report would provide the decision-makers with the information needed to identify the ideal solution for The City of Rolling Hills. To develop the report,HQE conducted an installation study.The study includes open-source data research, site survey, and sound propagation analysis. ❖Open Source Data:Researching the latest solution from the key manufacturers.This includes technical/operational features and rough order of magnitude pricing. ❖Site Survey:Study of the local environment/infrastructure to include the availability of power, potential installation points,residential buildings,and topography (manmade and natural).In addition,to analyze the presence and signal capabilities of cellular,radio,and other communications channels. ❖Sound Propagation Analysis:Utilizing the information gathered during the site survey,GIS,and DoD planning maps,HQE utilizes a proprietary machine-learning algorithm Sound Propagation Analysis to determine the ideal locations for the Mass Notification points. With all of the information reviewed and analyzed during the report development,HQE’s Mass Notification Subject Matter Experts have determined two ideal installation options for The City of Rolling Hills.These options were developed with the following priorities (not in order):Alerting Effectiveness, Initial Budget, Sustainment Budget, Project Timeline, and System Installed Visibility. Solution A (Low Visual Signature Installation Option):This solution was developed to provide The City of Rolling Hills with a solution that provides the best visually pleasing option.This option will utilize the SiRcom-Vector outdoor speaker arrays.These modern intelligible speakers will provide the “best-look” for the City. The rough order of magnitude pricing for Solution A is, $310,601.53 Solution B (Lowest Cost Installation Option):This solution was developed to provide the best price while maintaining the highest quality of outdoor warning capabilities.The solution utilizes the SiRcom outdoor warning intelligible sirens.Although lowest in price,SiRcom is determined to be the most reliable solution in the market today.The rough order of magnitude pricing for Solution B is, $144,572.93 4 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.102 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 2. Background The City of Rolling Hills (City)sought an installation report for Mass Notifications System (MNS).The requirement specifically desired an effective outdoor solution that could operate in any threat event environment. The City of Rolling Hills relies primarily on communication tools that require electricity,cellular signal,or access to the internet during an emergency.These methods include The City of Rolling Hills Website, Alert Southbay,and local television/radio networks.Areas of California regularly experience power outages during adverse,especially windy,weather conditions.The local utility provider utilizes a Public Safety Power Shut-off (PSPS)program during inclement weather conditions.Because of the PSPS program,residents of The City of Rolling Hills could possibly be without power during periods of heightened fire danger,resulting in an increased risk of not receiving important communications, including evacuation orders,via phone,internet,or radio.Unfortunately,disruption to the electrical power also has a negative impact on local cellular towers which have limited generator power to sustain its operational needs from the planned PSPS or electrical systems failures from the hazard (fire,wind, etc).Environmental events like these must be fully understood when planning and designing an MNS, so the system can clearly and effectively communicate alerts to residents and visitors.The MNS must be designed to rely on solar power and have enough battery-backup capacity to send critical alerts,when required, at night, or days when the sun may be blocked by smoke or clouds. The infamous 2020 wildfires that overtook the northern regions of Los Angeles and Ventura County exposed the dangers of only relying on web-based or cellular-based emergency alert systems.With over 33 deaths,many of the Cities and Counties have since implemented a radio-based mass notifications system to mitigate this unnecessary risk in the future. The City of Rolling Hills contracted with HQE Systems,Inc.(HQE)to develop a comprehensive and actionable MNS report to enhance its ability to disseminate emergency alerts,especially in wildfire situations.Since then,HQE has utilized its expertise in Mass Notifications Systems (MNS)to develop this report to assist The City of Rolling Hills in the pursuit to save lives and protect property. 5 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.103 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 3. The City of Rolling Hills Consideration Factors 3.1 General Information Line Description The City of Rolling Hills Data 1 Access To The City ofRolling Hills Gated Community (Limited Access Roads) 2 Population (2020)1,739 3 Housing Units 702 4 Land Area 2.99 Square Miles 5 Water Area 0.00 Square Miles 6 Geographic Coordinates 33.760016 -118.347164 7 AVG. Annual RainFall 15 Inches 8 AVG. High Wind Speed 7-8.6 MPH (November to May is the high winds season) 9 Fire Season May to October 10 Fire Threat Region Tier 2 (Elevated Fire Threat Identified By:California Public Utilities Company Fire Threat Mat V.3 (08.19.21) 11 Last Large Fire That Impacted The City of Rolling Hills On The Palos Verdes Peninsula Aug.27,2009,burned 235 acres and was of unknown origin according to the California Department of Forestry and Fire Prevention website.The fire,which burned for two days,caused minor damage to six Rolling Hills homes and forced 1,200 people to evacuate.Additionally,3,000 customers in the area lost electrical power. 3.2 Topographic Information 6 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.104 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA HQE has studied The City of Rolling Hills’s general and topographic information.These factors will be taken into careful consideration when developing the final solution options. 3. Report Development Methodology 2.1 Kick-Off Meeting (Clear Project Guidelines) HQE conducted a project kickoff meeting in October 2020 with The City of Rolling Hills that established mutual acquaintance,clarified roles,and confirmed the desired outcomes and deliverables.Utilizing its experience and expertise in MNS,HQE was able to help better understand the constraints of the project and how HQE could best serve The City of Rolling Hills in achieving its ultimate goal of Saving Lives and Protecting Property. 2.2 Site Survey (Gathering Information) HQE conducted a detailed site survey and spent time on-site gathering information to fully understand the constraints that could impact the system’s operational and technical performances.During the on-site interview,HQE reviewed each element of an MNS and documented expectations and requirements of the system.The City of Rolling Hills provided site information based on the current desires of The City of Rolling Hills and potential pitfalls to consider when planning for the new MNS. HQE’s analysis began with the initial City provided project considerations to ensure that HQE’s efforts would be aligned with The City of Rolling Hills’s desires.While on-site,HQE assessed the power options and locations.In addition,HQE’s sound engineer assessed the residential and commercial building layouts to determine the best locations of the new MNS points to maximize sound coverage. 2.3 Sound Propagation Analysis (Data-Driven Planning) HQE conducted a sound propagation analysis to ensure the outdoor emergency alert signal is distributed optimally throughout The City of Rolling Hills.HQE produced sound propagation maps using site collected data and HQE’s proprietary outdoor siren planning software to determine the levels of coverage achieved from potential sites.The coverage models take into consideration varying geographical topology and environmental factors such as foliage and building density. The study considered various environmental factors including: ❖Temperature ❖Humidity & Rainfall ❖Vegetation (types and disbursement) ❖Wind speed and direction ❖Man Made structures (buildings, towers, etc) ❖Topography (elevation changes) 7 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.105 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA Environmental factors that will be present during inclement weather were important when modeling coverage,including understanding the effects of the Santa Ana winds.In addition,much of The City of Rolling Hills has steep hills and canyons, which pose a challenge for proper coverage. The analysis resulted in recommendations for the most efficient outdoor warning alert sound distribution across The City of Rolling Hills, including: ❖A sound coverage area for each proposed siren site, considering environmental data ❖Identification of any areas of The City of Rolling Hills in which sirens will be ineffective due to geography or other characteristics 2.4 Mass Notification Systems Installation Study HQE compiled the data collected into this report, which provides a baseline assessment and includes the following: ❖Solution options available on the market ❖Costs to include initial and long term sustainment ❖Recommended ideal installation options 8 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.106 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 4. Mass Notifications System Types Overview 4.1 Electronic Notification Solutions (ENS) Web & Cellular Alerting ❖Solution Types:Electronic Notification Systems (ENS)have gained popularity due to the advancement of technology.ENS utilizes the local cellular networks to disseminate emergency alert notifications.These notifications can be accessed from the recipient ’s mobile devices and computers. ➢Hosted Cloud-Based Solution (SaaS):Requires no hardware to deploy the solution. ➢On-Premise Server Solution:Requires a local server to be installed. ❖Alerting Methods:The City of Rolling Hills Utilizes the local cellular towers to transmit the following alerts. ➢Voice Calls:A custom live or pre-recorded voice message can be transmitted to all telephone numbers in the database for the City. ➢SMS Text:A custom drafted or pre-drafted template message can be transmitted as a text to the number in the database for the City.The recipient can also send back an acknowledgment or a specific prompt response to the City. ❖Strengths & Vulnerabilities: ➢Strengths:Fast deployment.Easy to utilize.Requires limited or no hardware installation. ➢Weakness:Completely reliant on the local cellular network.During PSPS or disaster failures,ENS solutions will not work.If the recipients have their phones on silent or off, they will not be alerted by the notification. 9 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.107 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 4.2 Indoor Notification Solutions ❖Solution Types:Indoor Notification Systems are utilized to provide coverage visually and audibly to ensure that the alerts are clearly received inside buildings.These notifications consist of workstation desktop alerts,overhead paging/intercom alerts,mounted digital displays,and any networked signs and TVs. ➢Indoor audio alerting:Integrates with in-building paging or intercom systems, telephones,and other networked audio devices.This ensures full compliance with Americans with Disabilities Act requirements. ➢Indoor visual alerting:Integrates with workstations,digital signs,and other networked displays (TVs,wall mounted tablets).This ensures full compliance with Americans with Disabilities Act requirements. ➢Life Safety Systems Integration:Integrates with local fire alarm,earthquake sensors,and electronic security systems to ensure that the legacy alarms are reinforced with intelligible audio and visual alerts (ADA compliance). ❖Strengths & Vulnerabilities: ➢Strengths:Unifies the indoor spaces with the outdoor warning alerts.This ensures that all alerts are instantly received by all residents and the City’s staff. ➢Weakness:Requires indoor wiring and cabling (unless self-powered and wireless solutions are implemented) 10 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.108 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 4.3 Outdoor Notification Solutions ❖Solution Types:Outdoor Warning Sirens (OWS)are the industry standard and the accepted capability by Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).OWS allow for immediate alerting across a large area by utilizing all weather outdoor warning sirens. ➢Intelligible Audio Alerts: Intelligible sirens that can be clearly heard from miles away. ➢Wireless &Self Powered:Siren control cabinet systems configured to operate on wired/wireless communication infrastructure and self-powered/self charging systems. ➢Central Control System:Mass Notifications System management software to quickly and easily create, transmit, and manage all alerts. ❖Alerting Methods:The City of Rolling Hills Utilizes various communications media to transmit the following alerts. ➢Live Custom or Pre-Recorded Voice Alerts:A custom live or pre-recorded voice message can be transmitted to all or selected siren points. ➢Tone Alerts: Transmit pre-established tone alerts. ❖Strengths & Vulnerabilities: ➢Strengths:Self-powered and can communicate on networks not affected by PSPS or other types of power outages. ➢Weakness: Has the highest cost to cover the desired area. 11 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.109 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 4.3.1 Outdoor Warning Sirens & Speakers Description SiRcom Whelen Federal Signal ATI Sirens Configuration Options 2-36 Omni, Bi, or Directional Better Coverage 1-10 Omni 1-8 Omni, 2-6 Directional 4 or 8 Omni or Directional Directional Capable Yes More Flexibility No Yes Yes Max Output Power 5,400 Watts More Efficient 4,000 Watts 3,200 Watts Omni, 600 Watts Directional 3,200 Watts Max Effective Range @ 70dBc 6,800’ (2,270m) Longer Range 6,100’ (1,859m)4,300’ Omni, 3,400 Directional - Max dB Output @ 30m 137dB Better Intelligible Sound 124dB 124dB 124dB Battery Configuration 12V, 24V Less Maintenance Lower Upfront Cost 48V 48V 48V Capable of Operating on AC Mains ONLY Yes Real Redundancy Fail-Safe PWR System No (Charges from, AC & Operates From Battery Only) No (Charges from, AC & Operates From Battery Only) No (Charges from, AC & Operates From Battery Only) Solar Charging Yes Yes Yes Yes Standby Time 30 Days Longer Standby Time 72 Hours 72 Hours 8 Days Max Alarm Duration No Limit Better Performance 30 Minutes 30 Minutes 30 Minutes Comms IP, VHF, UHF, SATCOM, GPRS, LOS, 4G/5G, Mesh Better Performance IP, VHF, UHF IP, VHF, SATCOM, 4G/5G IP, VHF, UHF, Cellular Cloud-Based and On-Premise Controllers Cloud, On-Premise, or Hybrid Servers More Options Better Performance On-Premise On-Premise On-Premise Cost Per Siren Pole (For Like Capabilities + Labor) $25K Per Pole * Lower Cost For Better Performance $48K Per Pole $45K Per Pole $35K Per Pole 12 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.110 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA Note *:SiRcom launched the SiRcom-Vector Speaker Line in 2021.The new product is lower in profile with a modern look without sacrificing any of the top capabilities and performance features. 4.3.2 The Leading Outdoor Warning Siren System Outdoor Warning Sirens Reviewed:Intelligible Sound Advantage Higher intelligibility:High Power Speaker Array ’s (HPSA)’s vertical line arrays provide a narrow vertical output pattern for focusing sound at audiences,without wasting output energy on the floor and up in the air;the more narrow the beam,the less distortion due to reflections, resulting in higher intelligibility Equalized intelligibility:HPSA’s vertical line arrays approximate a line source of sound,creating a nearly cylindrical sound propagation pattern,resulting in balanced sound power output; messages are clearly heard at 100 feet as well as 1,500 feet Directing sound where you need it:HPSA speakers can be mounted for omni-directional and directional speaker coverage Intelligibility ratings:0.8 Common Intelligibility Scale (CIS) rating;Phonetically Balanced Word Score Test—better than 95%*This very high intelligibility rating ensures the clearest voice alerts. 1.Energy Efficient HPSAs only need one 100-watt driver per horn;two drivers needed for 360° coverage,equalling a fraction of the number of drivers required for traditional speaker system designs 2.Better Power Management utilizing Class D amplification technology,the HPSA amplifier is better than 90%efficient,enables lower current draw and increased battery life,requiring fewer speakers and significantly less power for a substantially larger range 13 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.111 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA Outdoor Warning Sirens Reviewed:Control Cabinet The SiRcom Outdoor Warning System is the world’s most modern and capable solution on the market today.It starts with the SMART engineering design of the SiRcom Control Cabinets.The SiRcom Control Cabinets are compact, efficient, and easy to manage. SiRcom Control Cabinet:Key Advantages Over Other Reviewed OEM Solutions Description SiRcom Whelen Federal Signal ATI Hot Swappable Yes Simple Maintenance No No No Simple Emergency Battery Shut Off Yes Increased Safety No No No Advanced Amplifiers Yes Efficient Power No No No Wireless Proximity Maintenance Report Yes Faster Systems Checks No No No Remote Alert On Site Yes Increased Flexibility Yes Yes Yes Receive Signals VIA Secure Mesh Network From Other Siren Poles Yes Increased Redundancy No No No Note: Other advantages are not listed for brevity of the proposal. 14 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.112 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA Outdoor Warning Sirens Reviewed:Battery Requirement The SiRcom Outdoor Warning Siren System’s control cabinet and the sirens are highly efficient and utilize less power to perform better.A single 12VDC battery will operate the entire siren system which only requires once a year checks for annual preventative maintenance that has a 5-7 year shelf life (depending on use).In addition,the SiRcom back single 12VDC battery can power an entire multi-siren pole for up to 30 days during power source failure (AC or Solar).This is due to the advanced amplification and power management system prebuilt into the solution being provided to The City of Rolling Hills. Outdoor Warning Sirens Reviewed:Local Control Units The SiRcom Outdoor Warning Siren System’s local control units mimic the same features and capabilities of the Central Control Unit.This familiarity to the controls builds confidence for the Controllers.The SiRcom Local Control Unit is Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)compliant and secure.The unit allows for the Controllers to quickly utilize the local alerting without limited hot keys or functions. 15 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.113 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA Outdoor Warning Sirens Reviewed:SiRcom SMART Alert Software (SiSA) The SiRcom SMART Alert Software (SiSA)is the control software for the outdoor warning sirens.The software can manage the outdoor warning sirens and transmit electronic notifications via voice calls,SMS text, emails, and social media page updates. The SiRcom SMART Alert Software (SiSA)was developed utilizing deep machine learning algorithms.This is the core baseline for the SMART software technology.Due to this,SiSA is able to provide the following features: ❖Access The Solution From Anywhere ➢Mobile Devices ➢Workstations ❖Secure Software ➢Advance Encryption Security (AES) 256 BIT ➢At Rest & In Transit (Military Grade Encryption) ➢Secure Server Site (Military Approved) ➢Encrypted Log-in & Single Sign On (SSO) ❖Easy To Operate ➢Three Interactive Map Options ➢Easy To Use Quick Menu To Save You Time ➢Quick Menu & Standard Menu ➢Easy 1-2-3 Send Functionality ➢Automatic User List Updates ❖SMART Functions ➢Real-Time Systems Status of All Alert Points ➢Life like Text-To-Speech ➢Real-Time Historical Reporting 16 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.114 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 5. Proposed Solution Options 5.1 Installation Solution Options HQE has developed the below two (2)options for The City of Rolling Hills’s considerations.Both options provide the desired intelligible emergency voice alert coverage. ❖Option A:The Low Visibility Installation Option utilizes nine (9)30’poles throughout the City (see image below).The 30’poles are mounted with the modern designed intelligible speakers. At 30’,the outdoor warning speakers will be slightly above the height of the residential homes. This will allow for the best sound transmission without placing the poles too high above the roofline.In addition,these 30’poles can be covered with tree facades that will blend in with the local vegetation. ❖Option B:The Low Cost Installation Option utilizes the standard 50’poles mounted with the intelligible horns positioned in a 360 degree transmission position.The 50’pole allows for the sound to be projected from a higher elevation.This allows for a greater coverage area which reduces overall equipment requirements. 17 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.115 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 5.1.1 Option A: Low Visibility Installation Option Sound Coverage This option takes into consideration that the community desires to have a low visibility outdoor warning system.This option utilizes the nine (9)SiRcom Vector speaker option mounted on shorter 30’poles to provide the required emergency alert notification coverage. 18 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.116 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA ❖Cost: $310,601.53 ❖Installation Time: ~30 Workdays Equipment Required ❖(1) SiRcom Central Control Unit ➢Includes ■(1) SiRcom SMART Alert Software (SiSA) - Annual Subscription ■Dell Server ■LCD Monitor ■Keyboard, Mouse, Mouse Pad ❖(9) SiRcom Outdoor Warning Vertical Speaker Arrays ➢Mounted on 30’ poles (Poles With Life-Like Tree Facades) ❖(9) SiRcom Control Cabinets ➢Each Control Cabinet Includes ■Motorola VHF Radio, and GSM Integration Module ■Solar Power Module ■(1) 12VDC Sealed Battery ■Local Activation Module 19 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.117 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 5.1.2 Option B: Lowest Cost Installation Option Sound Coverage This option takes into consideration providing The City of Rolling Hills with the lowest cost option available on the market.This option utilizes the three (3)SiRcom omni-directional horn option mounted on 50’ poles to provide the maximum coverage utilizing the least amount of poles for the City. 20 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.118 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA ❖Cost: $144,572.93 ❖Installation Time: ~14 Workdays Equipment Required ❖(1) SiRcom Central Control Unit ➢Includes ■(1) SiRcom SMART Alert Software (SiSA) - Annual Subscription ■Dell Server ■LCD Monitor ■Keyboard, Mouse, Mouse Pad ❖(3) SiRcom Outdoor Warning Sirens ➢SiRcom SPT (16 Speakers Per Pole) ➢Mounted on 50’ poles (Poles With Life-Like Tree Facades) ❖(3) SiRcom Control Cabinets ➢Each Control Cabinet Includes ■Motorola VHF Radio, and GSM Integration Module ■Solar Power Module ■(1) 12VDC Sealed Battery ■Local Activation Module 21 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.119 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 5.2 Outdoor Warning Siren Pole Tree Facade The following are HQE’s proposed life-like tree facades included with Low Visibility Installation Option. The facades do not require maintenance and will be installed by HQE. 22 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.120 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 23 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.121 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 5.2.1 Simulated View Of Siren Poles With Tree Facades Below: SiRcom Outdoor Warning Siren Poles mounted with no tree facade. Below:SiRcom Outdoor Warning Siren Poles mounted with tree facade.The tree facade will provide a lower visual signature of the poles and sirens.In addition to the tree facades,when taking into consideration the final installation points,when possible the hills will be used to mask the silhouette of the sirens. 24 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.122 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 5.3 Mobile Alert Expeditionary Unit (Si-MAX) Option The SiRcom Mobile Alert Expeditionary Unit (Si-MAX)and the Mobile Alert Expeditionary Unit Lite (Si-MAX Lite) are two way emergency mass notification devices. Si-MAX Unit operates on the SiRcom SMART Alert Software (SiSA).All of the features found on the standard SiSA Emergency Alert Menu will be available on the Si-MAX display.This ensures that any authorized user can access,draft,and transmit emergency notifications while on the move.Si-MAX will communicate the alert message via any WiFi,Cellular,or VHF communications network.(Not included in the proposal pricing) Key Features of the SiRcom Mobile Alert Expeditionary Unit (Si-MAX) ❖Control Features Alert All Outdoor Sirens 10” Digital Color Display Touch Screen Easy To See In Daylight Digital Keyboard Secure Log-In Encrypted Software Integrated Speaker GPS Tracking Continuous SOS Signal Camera & Mic ❖Power 110VAC (House Power)12VDC (Car Outlet)Internal 20 Hour Battery Solar Battery Panel (Option) ❖Communications WiFI (Local Internet)Cellular (4G/5G)Radio (VHF/UHF) NFC Bluetooth RFID ❖Commercial Info MSRP $2295 / EA 1 YR Warranty Free Updates 25 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.123 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA Si-MAX Lite is a two way emergency communications device that each residential home can possess. The Si-MAX Lite can be plugged into the residents home power while not in use.Once an emergency alert notification is transmitted by the local emergency managers and received by the Si-MAX Lite Unit, the resident can take the Si-MAX Lite Unit with them to maintain real-time situational awareness as the emergency event progresses.This device also allows each resident to transmit a GPS signal that can be tracked by The City of Rolling Hills’s emergency managers during the emergency.This feature can assist the The City of Rolling Hills’s emergency response team to get to the resident quickly to provide assistance or to ensure they are on the safest path out of the danger area.(Not included in the proposal pricing) Key Features of the SiRcom Mobile Alert Expeditionary Unit (Si-MAX) ❖Control Features 3.5” Digital Color Display Rugged Screen Easy To See In Daylight Easy Navigation Button All Environments Encrypted Software Integrated Speaker GPS Tracking Continuous SOS Signal ❖Power 110VAC (House Power)12VDC (Car Outlet)Internal 7 Hour Battery Solar Battery Panel (Option) ❖Communications WiFI (Local Internet)Cellular (4G/5G)Radio (VHF/UHF) NFC Bluetooth RFID ❖Commercial Info MSRP $395 / EA 1 YR Warranty Free Updates 26 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.124 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA 6.0 Conclusion of Report HQE is pleased to conclude this report for The City of Rolling Hills.Although The City of Rolling Hills faces several challenges that were identified by HQE,the solutions being proposed mitigates all of the challenges.The report proposes two (2)unique outdoor warning systems installation options for the City.These options were designed and proposed after careful analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of all of the current options in the market today.The SiRcom Mass Notifications System allows The City of Rolling Hills to meet the initial mass alerting requirements and to scale later with any indoor alerting and security systems integrations that the City may require.This solution being proposed is truly a capability that will allow The City of Rolling Hills to install a solution that will not be outdated due to the modern unified mass notifications system design. The proposed Mass Notifications System is the world’s most comprehensive solution with multiple redundant alerting channels pre-built into the system.The SiRcom SMART Alert System enables The City of Rolling Hills to provide the desired emergency response alerting in the event that the power or cellular communications have failed.It is a Fully Certified Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) System.The above Unified Mass Notifications System solution ensures that The City of Rolling Hills is able to maximize the resources available in the mission to Save Lives and Protect Property.The unified solution doesn’t rely on a single network but a family of networks to ensure that when the Emergency System is required to perform its purpose, even in the event of power outages, the system WILL WORK! The proposed solution installed will provide The City of Rolling Hills with the solution to mitigate the risks faced by the Cities and Counties of California in the infamous 2019 wildfires.In addition to the actual installation options for the outdoor warning system,HQE would suggest a community outreach program that would allow the residents of the community to talk directly with Mass Notification Systems experts. This will allow The City of Rolling Hills to help the residents better understand why the solution is so important for the life safety program of The City of Rolling Hills. 27 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.125 Mass Notifications Systems Installation Report The City of Rolling Hills, CA Thank You For Your Continued Support of HQE Systems, Inc. A Minority Owned, FEMA Certified Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business End of Mass Notifications System Installation Report 28 |Page HQE SYSTEMS, INC.|A Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.126 42075 Remington Ave. Suite 109 Temecula, CA 92105 800.967.3036 www.HQESystems.com 127 MAINTENANCE SERVICE AGREEMENT SCOPE HQE’s proposed maintenance service scope: ●Activation Systems Maintenance o Clean PC, Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse and Microphone o Check RF connectors and re-seal where necessary o Complete updates to outdoor siren control software o Install Windows Security Patches and Updates o Rewire any radio cables to ensure they boot up immediately upon sensing power, in case of power failure o Conduct a complete shutdown and power-up of the system o Conduct silent and audible testing to ensure proper operation ●Outdoor Warning Sirens o Clean and reseal all electronics enclosures to prevent moisture from entering the cabinets o Conduct a complete shutdown and power-up of the tower o Clean off any rust or corrosion, and lubricate the battery terminals o Load test the battery and verified proper voltages o Re-wire radio cables to ensure they boot up immediately upon sensing power, in case of power failure o Check lightning protection module fuses, and re-seal RF connections as necessary o Test all fuses and fuse assemblies o Conduct local & remote audio testing o Conduct a silent self-test of the hardware, all amplifiers and drivers were found operational o Clean solar panels o Test antenna and seal RF connections as necessary o Replace speaker drivers as necessary All terms and conditions to be agreed to by the Client and HQE. This ensures that the Client receives the service within the terms and conditions of the Client’s contract structure. 42075 Remington Ave. STE 109, Temecula CA 92590 info@hqesystems.com | Phone: 800.967.3036 | Fax: 760.645.7183 A Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business 128 ROLLING HILLS RESIDENT SURVEY Improving Our City’s Emergency Preparedness: The City of Rolling Hills is a rural environment with vegetation and steep hillsides. Due to the habitat of the environment, the city is susceptible to wildfires, landslides, earthquakes and the potential for catastrophic damage. Emergency preparedness is one of the most important things residents can do to make our city safer. The city is considering investing in more communication products for emergency scenarios: power outage and loss of cell-phone service. How will residents be notified in an emergency? What if notifications cannot be sent? The City recently retained HQE Systems to evaluate the feasibility of installing a siren system called Mass Notification System. The intent of the siren system is to provide Mass Alerting and Warning in the event of natural and manmade disasters: wildfires, severe weather, earthquakes. The purpose of this survey is to solicit resident feedback on the need/interest of purchasing outdoor emergency sirens for emergency/evacuation. This evaluation will address the following: • Communication • First Responders and Emergency Evacuation • Safety Communication: 1. Which communications do you currently use (check all that apply)? a. Land-line phone b. Cell phone c. Computer with internet connection 2. Do you currently receive cell-phone alerts through Alert South Bay? a. Yes b. No c. Not aware of Alert South Bay 3. Are you aware of your cell-phone notifications? a. Yes b. No c. Somewhat 4. How often are you outside of your structure but still on your property (in your yard, etc.) a. Never b. Sometimes c. Frequently First Responders and Emergency Evacuation: First Responders (LA County Fire Department and LA Sheriff) will notify residents in the event of an evacuation order. • If power is available Alert Southbay will send text, phone and/or email notifications. 129 Rolling Hills Resident Survey Page 2 • First Responders will use their vehicle PA system and/or go door-to-door to notify residents. 1. Are you fully prepared for a possible evacuation scenario? a. Yes b. No c. Somewhat 2. Do you feel confident about your personal evacuation plan? a. Yes b. No c. Somewhat 3. If there is loss of power affecting cell phone and internet communications would you support a siren system to notify residents to evacuate? a. Yes b. No c. Please explain your answer: ______________________________________ 4. If there is no loss of power, how would you prefer to receive emergency notification to evacuate (check all that apply)? a. Email b. Text c. Phone Call d. Siren e. Please explain your answer: ______________________________________ Safety 1. What are your concerns that you may not receive a notification during an emergency? a. Please explain: _________________________________________ 2. Do you feel a siren system would improve your safety in the event of an emergency? a. Yes b. No 3. If there is loss of power, are you comfortable relying solely on the First Responders to use their vehicle PA system and/or going door-to-door to notify you? a. Yes b. No Private Property 1. Would you support a siren system if the system required a pole to be placed on your property? a. Yes b. No Miscellaneous Do you have any suggestions or comments in general? 130 From:Arlene Honbo To:Bea Dieringer; Jim Black; Jeff Pieper; Patrick Wilson; Leah Mirsch Cc:Elaine Jeng; Christian Horvath Subject:Block Captain and Resident Support for Outdoor Siren System Date:Monday, March 14, 2022 10:27:30 AM Attachments:Letter to City Council March 14 2022 final.docx Dear Honorable Mayor and City Councilmembers, Attached is a letter of support to approve the installation of an outdoor siren system for the City of Rolling Hills. The letter includes the names of Block Captains/Support Team and residents in favor of proceeding with this important priority. The letter and associated approval emails will be dropped off today to Christian Horvath, City Clerk. See you tonight at the City Council meeting. Arlene and Gene Honbo, Block Captain Leads 131 March 14, 2022 Dear Honorable Mayor and RH City Councilmembers: An important priority of the Block Captain program since 2019 is Emergency Communications. How will residents be notified of an emergency evacuation? Will notification be limited to people who pre-register to receive emergency alerts? What happens in the event of no electricity or phone service? We support the RH City Council to approve the installation of an outdoor siren system by HQE Systems to notify residents in the event of an emergency. This important safety measure will help ensure that all our residents who live in Rolling Hills, a designated high-fire severity zone, can be notified when there is no electricity or internet service. Many residents support the cost investment necessary to install and maintain either three or nine poles necessary for coverage of Rolling Hills; we understand Federal and State grant funds are available for cities, especially those cities designated as high-fire severity zones. Safety of all our residents is directly dependent on reliable emergency notifications to residents. LA County Fire Department have stated that given the close proximity to a potential wildfire starting on the peninsula, residents in Rolling Hills would not have the benefit of an evacuation alert or warning; residents would likely be asked to evacuate immediately. Thus, we support having an emergency plan that considers all potential scenarios, including a worst-case one. Respectfully, Rolling Hills Block Captains and Support Team Arlene Honbo – Portuguese Bend Road, Zone 7 Gene Honbo – Portuguese Bend Road, Zone 7 Arun Bhumitra – Buggy Whip Drive, Zone 3 Kelly and Richard Cook – Ringbit Road West, Zone 17 Pam Crane – Caballeros Road, Zone 18 Susan Collida – Ringbit Road West , Zone 17 Judith Haenel – Eastfield Road, Zone 22 Maureen Hill – Cinchring Road, Zone 5 Kathleen Hughes – Caballeros Road, Zone 18 Lisa Kopenhefer – Chuckwagon Road, Zone 21 Kay Lupo – Georgeff Road, Block, Zone 15 Dustin and Melissa McNabb – Quail Ridge South, Zone 4 Tony Mian – Palos Verdes Drive, Zone 24 Michele Mottola – Flying Maine Road, Zone 16 Clint Patterson – Georgeff Road, Zone 15 Debra Shrader – Saddleback Road, Zone 13 132 Letter to Honorable Mayor and RH City Councilmembers March 14, 2022 (page 2) Block Captain and Support Team (continued) Leslie Stetson – Saddleback Road, Zone 13 Ed and Sally Swart – Meadowlark Lane, Zone 9 Nicole Tangen – John Canyon Road, Zone 1 Dorothy Vinter – Reata Lane, Zone 15 Rae Walker – Wagon Lane, Zone 7 Block Captain and Support Team Support for Option B – Installation of 3 Poles Carol Marrone – Southfield Drive, Zone 17 Michael Sherman – Crest Road East, Zone 16 Sandy Sherman – Crest Road East, Zone 16 Residents Don Crocker – Cinchring Road Ron Sommer – Poppy Trail Attachments: Approval emails from Block Captains, Support Team and Residents 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 From:Constance Turner To:Elaine Jeng; Kraig; Christian Horvath Cc:Michael X Glenn; Irma Knight; Jae Lee; Ajay Singh; Robert Brambila Subject:SCE Clarification and Opposition of locations of your suggested facilities: G. O. 95 Safety Violations Date:Sunday, March 13, 2022 5:00:02 PM Attachments:HQE_Systems_-_City_of_Rolling_Hills_-_Response_Letter_-_Detailed_Installation_Locations.pdf All: I wanted to share that these locations (identified on your enclosed document) violate G.O. 95, California State Safety Law for distance required for SCE Facilities/Poles & Wires which is State Law. All proposed locations would have to reviewed by SCE Planning to assure no G.O. 95 violations or any other violations are occurring that are in conflict with SCE Facilities. As a reminder, SCE does not allow any surveillance cameras or surveillance equipment on SCE Poles. I wanted to let you all know so you will have the information for the Public Hearing on tomorrow, 3/14/2022. Thanks. Connie 157 From:Jamie Warner To:Alan Palermo Subject:Re: SCE Clarification and Opposition of locations of your suggested facilities: G. O. 95 Safety Violations Date:Monday, March 14, 2022 9:06:25 AM Dear Mr. Palermo. This is normal actually. We are very famiar with SCE and other utility companies requirements when it comes to outdoor warning sirens. Bottom line upfront, none of the sirens installed will violate any compliance policies or agreements. At this feasibility phase that information is not detailed out. That level of detail is only clarified and planned out during the "Design Phase" of an outdoor warning siren project. The proposed outdoor warning sirens locations identified on the sound propagation map and or images are proposed general areas for review. The final install points will take into consideration not just SCE's policies but the City's actual approval of that specified site (may require a slight location change based on the residents' input and the Board's final decision), soil suitability, wind assessment, religious/historic site survey, and general geological studies to ensure the install and maintenance efforts can be performed without significant distrubance of the site. Which are all detailed out in the Design Phase. The key issue to take away is that this outdoor warning sirens report is enable the City to determine the ideal install types of the sirens and the general understanding of the coverage install plan. Based on that final decision for approval for installation, a detailed POA&M will be provided with the design installation plans that will meet all compliance requirements. At this phase of the project, HQE is providing the information that highlights the importance of the outdoor warning sirens for life safety plans for the City and and the options that would be available to the City. Please let me know if any other questions can be answered. On Mon, Mar 14, 2022, 11:36 AM Alan Palermo wrote: Jamie, The City shared your latest information with SCE. SCE replied, see below. I let the City know your document is not a final plan but just a more detailed proposed layout/street level views to comply with a request from City Council. Final plans should the city proceed with this project would be required to take into account all existing titles/conflicts. Is there any other response/information on SCE’s comment I can pass along to the City? Thanks. Alan Begin forwarded message: From: Elaine Jeng 158 Subject: Fw: SCE Clarification and Opposition of locations of your suggested facilities: G. O. 95 Safety Violations Date: March 14, 2022 at 8:26:54 AM PDT To: Alan Palermo Cc: Christian Horvath From: Constance Turner Sent: Sunday, March 13, 2022 4:59 PM To: Elaine Jeng ; Kraig ; Christian Horvath Cc: Michael X Glenn ; Irma Knight ; Jae Lee ; Ajay Singh ; Robert Brambila Subject: SCE Clarification and Opposition of locations of your suggested facilities: G. O. 95 Safety Violations All: I wanted to share that these locations (identified on your enclosed document) violate G.O. 95, California State Safety Law for distance required for SCE Facilities/Poles & Wires which is State Law. All proposed locations would have to reviewed by SCE Planning to assure no G.O. 95 violations or any other violations are occurring that are in conflict with SCE Facilities. As a reminder, SCE does not allow any surveillance cameras or surveillance equipment on SCE Poles. I wanted to let you all know so you will have the information for the Public Hearing on tomorrow, 3/14/2022. Thanks. Connie 159 CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: The contents of this email message and any attachments are intended solely for the addressee(s) and may contain confidential and/or privileged information and may be legally protected from disclosure. If you are not the intended recipient of this message or their agent, or if this message has been addressed to you in error, please immediately alert the sender by reply email and then delete this message and any attachments. If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any use, dissemination, copying, or storage of this message or its attachments is strictly prohibited. HQE Systems has performed a self-assessment in accordance with NIST SP 800-171 DoD Assessment Methodology and has submitted the results to the Supplier Performance Risk System (SPRS). 160 From:Elaine Jeng To:Christian Horvath Subject:Fwd: Tonight’s meeting Date:Monday, March 14, 2022 3:40:00 PM Begin forwarded message: From: DONALD CROCKER Date: March 14, 2022 at 2:57:25 PM PDT To: Elaine Jeng Subject: Tonight’s meeting Elaine and City Council:I will be there at 7 but must leave by 7:50 for a zoom mtg at home. I think the issue re new safety equipment blocking views etc. is easily solvable. To start put siren equipment including cameras on top of the flagpoles at the 3 gates plus a giant pole (RPV has a communication tower that is extendable in a disaster) just outside the Crest East gate on property the City owns. It’s camera could see the whole peninsula! There are other locations where no one’s views would be materially affected including on slim neutral color metal poles in canyons or on top of telephone poles like at Crest and PBRd. I would be willing to have a camera on my home eves that would see the entire area facing the Pacific. Plus a siren if requested. Thanks. Don Sent from my iPhone 161 From:Arlene Honbo To:Christian Horvath Subject:Fwd: Important - Need your approval for Letter to City Council - Outdoor Emergency Siren System Date:Monday, March 28, 2022 10:19:24 AM Attachments:Letter to City Council March 28 2022 final.docx Christian, I am forwarding one more email from Nancy Hoffman, who lives at . I have revised the final letter adding her name and it is attached. Thank you, Arlene ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Date: Sun, Mar 13, 2022 at 9:07 AM Subject: Re: Important - Need your approval for Letter to City Council - Outdoor Emergency Siren System To: Arlene Honbo Good morning Arlene, I think that an emergency notification system is a good idea, but I have several questions about the HQE system. 1) Will it have the capability to give verbal information after the siren? A siren will certainly cause panic, and we would need to have accurate info and directions. 2) Who will be responsible for sounding the siren and disseminating the information? 3) Where will the poles be placed, and will they be camouflaged to look like a pine tree? 4) Have other cities used HQE? Thank you! Nancy Sent from my iPhone On Mar 12, 2022, at 10:35 AM, Arlene Honbo wrote: Thanks to all who have replied. A gentle reminder that I need your reply by Monday morning so I can submit to the City Clerk. 162 For those who need more information I am happy to send the Feasibility Study by HQE Systems, which includes the potential locations of poles (3 poles and 9 poles), pole types, and other information. The siren study was initiated to see what options are available for the city when there is no electricity or cell phone service, that is, a worst case scenario. Remember, if you are not in favor please voice or send a letter with your concerns to the City Council...it is important they hear from us on this important issue. Arlene ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Arlene Honbo Date: Thu, Mar 10, 2022 at 10:07 AM Subject: Important - Need your approval for Letter to City Council - Outdoor Emergency Siren System To: Arlene Honbo Cc: Elaine Jeng <ejeng@cityofrh.net>, Ashford Ball <aball@cityofrh.net> Dear Block Captains and Block Captain Support Team, On Monday, March 14 the City Council will discuss an outdoor siren system by HQE Systems. This outdoor siren system will provide emergency communications to residents, even when there is no electricity or no cell phone service. The feasibility study was completed and the study includes 2 options: one with the installation of nine poles (30 feet) for $310,600 and one for the installation of three poles (50 feet) for $144,575. We have prepared a letter to the City Council stating our support to move forward with the installation of this outdoor siren system. Please let me know if you would like to add your name to the letter (below). We need your approval for this important priority. Reply by Monday morning and your email reply will serve as a signature. You are welcome to send in your own letter to the RH City Clerk and attend the City Council meeting. Remember, let your opinion be heard. Arlene and Gene, Lead Block Captains March 10, 2022 Dear Honorable Mayor and RH City Councilmembers: An important priority of the Block Captain program since 2019 is Emergency Communications. How will residents be notified of an emergency evacuation? Will notification be limited to people who pre-register to receive emergency alerts? What happens in the event of no electricity or phone service? We support the RH City Council to approve the installation of an outdoor siren system by HQE Systems to notify residents in the event of an emergency. This important safety measure will help ensure that all our residents who live in Rolling Hills, a designated high-fire severity zone, can be notified when there is 163 no electricity or internet service. Many residents support the cost investment necessary to install and maintain either three or nine poles necessary for coverage of Rolling Hills; we understand Federal and State grant funds are available for cities, especially those cities designated as high-fire severity zones. Safety of all our residents is directly dependent on reliable emergency notifications to residents. LA County Fire Department have stated that given the close proximity to a potential wildfire starting on the peninsula, residents in Rolling Hills would not have the benefit of an evacuation alert or warning; residents would likely be asked to evacuate immediately. Thus, we support having an emergency plan that considers all potential scenarios, including a worst-case one. Respectfully, Block Captains, Support Team and Residents Arlene Honbo – 33 Portuguese Bend Road - Block Captain Lead, Zone 7 Gene Honbo – 33 Portuguese Bend Road – Block Captain Lead, Zone 7 164 March 28, 2022 Dear Honorable Mayor and RH City Councilmembers: An important priority of the Block Captain program since 2019 is Emergency Communications. How will residents be notified of an emergency evacuation? Will notification be limited to people who pre-register to receive emergency alerts? What happens in the event of no electricity or phone service? We support the RH City Council to approve the installation of an outdoor siren system by HQE Systems to notify residents in the event of an emergency. This important safety measure will help ensure that all our residents who live in Rolling Hills, a designated high-fire severity zone, can be notified when there is no electricity or internet service. Many residents support the cost investment necessary to install and maintain either three or nine poles necessary for coverage of Rolling Hills; we understand Federal and State grant funds are available for cities, especially those cities designated as high-fire severity zones. Safety of all our residents is directly dependent on reliable emergency notifications to residents. LA County Fire Department have stated that given the close proximity to a potential wildfire starting on the peninsula, residents in Rolling Hills would not have the benefit of an evacuation alert or warning; residents would likely be asked to evacuate immediately. Thus, we support having an emergency plan that considers all potential scenarios, including a worst-case one. Respectfully, Rolling Hills Block Captains and Support Team Arlene Honbo – Portuguese Bend Road, Zone 7 Gene Honbo – Portuguese Bend Road, Zone 7 Arun Bhumitra – Buggy Whip Drive, Zone 3 Kelly and Richard Cook – Ringbit Road West, Zone 17 Pam Crane – Caballeros Road, Zone 18 Susan Collida – Ringbit Road West , Zone 17 Judith Haenel – Eastfield Road, Zone 22 Maureen Hill – Cinchring Road, Zone 5 Nancy Hoffman – Packsaddle West, Zone 17 Kathleen Hughes – Caballeros Road, Zone 18 Lisa Kopenhefer – Chuckwagon Road, Zone 21 Kay Lupo – Georgeff Road, Block, Zone 15 Dustin and Melissa McNabb – Quail Ridge South, Zone 4 Tony Mian – Palos Verdes Drive, Zone 24 Michele Mottola – Flying Maine Road, Zone 16 Clint Patterson – Georgeff Road, Zone 15 165 Letter to Honorable Mayor and RH City Councilmembers March 14, 2022 (page 2) Block Captain and Support Team (continued) Debra Shrader – Saddleback Road, Zone 13 Leslie Stetson – Saddleback Road, Zone 13 Ed and Sally Swart – Meadowlark Lane, Zone 9 Nicole Tangen – John Canyon Road, Zone 1 Dorothy Vinter – Reata Lane, Zone 15 Rae Walker – Wagon Lane, Zone 7 Block Captain and Support Team Support for Option B – Installation of 3 Poles Carol Marrone – Southfield Drive, Zone 17 Michael Sherman – Crest Road East, Zone 16 Sandy Sherman – Crest Road East, Zone 16 Residents Don Crocker – Cinchring Road Ron Sommer – Poppy Trail Attachments: Approval emails from Block Captains, Support Team and Residents 166 Agenda Item No.: 12.B Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:CHRISTIAN HORVATH, THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:APPROVE PRIORITIES/GOALS FOR FISCAL YEARS 2022-2023 AND 2023-2024 DEVELOPED AS A PART OF THE 2022 STRATEGIC PLANNING WORKSHOP; DISCUSS POTENTIAL BUDGET ITEMS TO SUPPORT THE 2022 CITY COUNCIL PRIORITIES; AND PROVIDE DIRECTION TO STAFF. DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: On Saturday, January 22, 2022, the City Council held a bi-annual Strategic Planning Session facilitated by City Manager. Staff summarized the workshop and presented a summary of the priorities and goals the City Council set for the next two fiscal years (FY 2022-2023 and 2023- 2024) at the February 14, 2022 City Council meeting. The City Council reviewed the summary, expressed concurrence with the summarized priorities/goals and directed staff to make the following additions to the summary: Add "Consider wildfire cameras" to the Wildfire Mitigation/Emergency Preparedness Evacuation priority. Add the capital improvement projects discussed at the January 22, 2022 Strategic Planning Workshop. At the workshop, the City Council discussed two capital projects: Tennis Courts ADA Improvements and City Hall ADA Improvements. The revised summary of priorities/goals is attached to this report. It was also discussed at the February 14, 2022 City Council meeting that staff will be utilizing the final summary of priorities/goals to develop budget items for the upcoming Fiscal Year 2022-2023. DISCUSSION: The following briefly describes the proposed budget items for Fiscal Year 2022-2023: Wildfire Mitigation/Emergency Preparedness Proposed budget items include allocations to the Block Captain Program, fire fuel reduction in the Preserve in the areas closest to the border of Rolling Hills, and consultant to support the enforcement of dead vegetation abatement ordinance and other ordinances relating to fire fuel 167 abatement for a total of $163,000. Utility Undergrounding Proposed budget items include allocations for the two CalOES/FEMA grant projects to underground utility lines along Crest Road East and Eastfield Drive. The City's Rule 20A Tariff balance will be used as match funds to the grant projects, totaling $1,041,000. Proposed budget items for this priority also included a budget of $15,000 to support residents that want to form assessment districts to underground utility lines in the community. Capital Improvement Projects The estimated construction cost for the Tennis Courts ADA Improvements was $350,000 in 2018. An approximate fifteen percent cost escalation was added to the estimate from 2018 to characterize the anticipated construction cost of the Tennis Courts ADA Improvements at $400,000. The latest estimated construction cost for the City Hall ADA Improvements was $1,000,000. The City Council is still considering layout options for the project and the cost of construction could increase depending on the ultimate layout selection. In total, the proposed budget for this priority is approximately $1,400,000. Staff is inquiring if the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) allocation of $441,000 is eligible for infrastructure improvement at City Hall. The final ARPA regulations listed water, sewer and broadband infrastructure as eligible expenses. There would be a significant General Fund offset if the ARAP allocation can be used for the City Hall ADA Improvements project. Drainage The proposed budget items for this priority include storm water monitoring to demonstrate to the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board that the City is retaining the design storm, investigate provisions on the land development side to retain additional storm water on private property, and research ownership/agreements with Los Angeles County on maintenance and operation responsibilities for a total of $54,000. Communication with residents The proposed budget items for this priority includes outsourcing the production of the Blue Newsletter, on-going technical support for the Emergency Information System/Trading Post, and on-going subscription to Everbridge (Alert South Bay) and E-Notify for a total of $30,000. City personnel recruitment/retention plan The proposed budget items for this priority includes hiring a human resources professional for personnel support, and increase city contribution to employees medical/dental/vision coverage for a total of $26,000. Expand resident services The proposed budget items for this priority include summer outdoor movie nights at the City Hall campus and providing a notary at City Hall one day per month to residents for a total of $7,000. Sewer The proposed budget item for this priority includes hiring a grant writer to secure construction funds for the 8" sewer main along Rolling Hills Road/Portuguese Bend Road for $15,000. The proposed budget items to support the City Council's priorities/goals for Fiscal Year 2022- 2023 total $2,751,000 with Rule 20A Tariff and $1,695,000 without Rule 20A Tariff (General 168 Fund only). FISCAL IMPACT: The 2022 strategic planning workshop was facilitated by staff. There was no fiscal impact to conducting the workshop. Depending on the direction to staff, the proposed budget items will be incorporated in the budget preparation for Fiscal Year 2022-2023. RECOMMENDATION: Approve priorities and goals; discuss potential budget items and provide direction to staff. ATTACHMENTS: CC_SP_2022CouncilPrioritiesGoals.pdf CC_SP_2020_vs_2022_BriefComparison.pdf CC_SP_2022FinalPrioritiesGoals_Final.pdf CC_SP_2022BudgetItemsDraft.pdf 169 CITY COUNCIL INDIVIDUAL GOALS AND PRIORITIES PROVIDED BEFORE AND DURING THE 2022 STRATEGIC PLANNING WORKSHOP 1 Mayor Dieringer Mayor Pro Tem Black Councilmember Wilson Councilmember Mirsch Councilmember Pieper 1 Complete City Hall campus improvements ADA at City Hall – need to make decision to minimize exposure to complaints and lawsuits 2 Hire expert on-call consultants; understand drainage responsibility and issues; stormwater retention Does not want to pursue drainage responsibility; limit staff time to do preliminary investigation on the responsibility of the city with respect to drains in the city Develop an understanding of city’s obligations and responsibilities regarding storm drains and impact on budget Storm drain – what role can the city play to encourage and support RHCA’s effort to address drainage issues? 3 Electronic system to notify residents; evacuation drill; evacuation zone study, incentives for home hardening; community survey on vegetation draft ordinance Balance the need for fire fuel reduction with concerns and reservations of residents as well as mitigating the financial impact on residents Fire safety – implement all programs (videos, work in conservancy, vegetation management, incentives, etc) to continue to support fire safety 4 Compliance with affordable housing requirements while maintaining the traditional Rolling Hills Community expectation 5 Sewer – Continue with existing City Hall campus project? Installation of sewer main lines – seek grants for implementation 6 City staffing – what can the city do to attract, retain, and develop top 170 CITY COUNCIL INDIVIDUAL GOALS AND PRIORITIES PROVIDED BEFORE AND DURING THE 2022 STRATEGIC PLANNING WORKSHOP 2 [X] Provided by Councilmembers prior to the January 22, 2022 Strategic Planning Workshop. [X] Expressed by Councilmembers at the January 22, 2022 Strategic Planning Workshop quality employees to support Council’s visions/goals? 7 Utility Underground projects 8 Reinstate view ordinance to have city have enforcement power Have the Rolling Hills Community Association take on the emergency power project for the city hall campus 9 Prioritize tennis courts improvements above other listed improvements on CIP list Prioritize tennis court improvements above other improvements on CIP list 171 1 2022 CITY COUNCIL STRATEGIC PLANNING WORKSHOP CITY COUNCIL’S REVIEW AND DISCUSSION OF THE 2020 ESTABLISHED PRIORITIES/GOALS 2020 Established Priorities and Goals 2022 Council Comments on 2020 Priorities and Goals 1 Sewer The City Council stated that the cost of sewer installation is cost prohibitive given the available general funds to construct the 8” main line. One Councilmember expressed that this priority should be moved to the bottom of the list for the next two years pending availability of grant funds. Another Councilmember expressed that this priority should be entirely removed from the list. The City Council expressed consensus for staff to pursue grant funds to install the sewer lines. There was no discussion on the current activities relating to this priority and whether if the activities should be abandoned or continued (preparation of 8” sewer main). 2 Wildfire/Emergency Preparedness The City Council expressed consensus that the activities, actions, and pursuits on the wildfire mitigation and emergency preparedness front were good and should continue. Individual Council members provided input on aspects of this priority (i.e., balance between cost and fire fuel abatement) but there was not consensus on the actions items relating to those input. 3 Utility Undergrounding The City Council expressed consensus that the Crest Road East Utility Undergrounding grant project, and the Eastfied Drive Utility Undergrounding grant project – if awarded, should be the focus on fulfilling this priority. 4 Drainage The City Council expressed consensus that the work to date on finding alternative compliance solutions to the MS4 permit should continue, including retaining more stormwater discharge on private property. On drainage issues in the community 172 2 (erosion, and unclaimed drains accepting stormwater discharges from easement areas), majority of the Council expressed the need to investigate to find out the City’s obligations on this front. Investigation includes research into the ownership of the drains accepting flow from easement areas of the community. Investigation includes identify the responsible party for maintaining and operating the drains accepting flow from easement areas of the community. One Councilmember expressed opposing views on the investigation needed but later agreed to it if the amount of staff time spent on the investigation was minimal. A. Ease permit process – no action identified in 2020 Remove from list. B. Communication with residents – keep blue newsletter. Periodically increase content. Come back with costs regarding outsourcing. The City Council recognized that the blue newsletter is a popular item and expressed that the contents should continue to be povided by staff but that the production of the newsletter can be contracted out to eliminate tedious manual labor for a small staff. C. Shorter council meetings – have staff bring the City Council back to focus to keep meeting moving forward. The City Council expressed that this item should be removed from the priority/goal list for the next two Fiscal Years. D. Minimize legal liability – Support ADA project to decrease potential liabilities. Staff to define and narrow breadth of legal inquiries. The City Council discussed that inherent to the city operations, minimize legal liability is a core function of the city and therefore does not need to be listed as a priority/goal. E. Public Safety – Use advocacy to promote safety, if needed City Council will exercise more authority in the future. Ensure armed school resource officer is armed as a provision of contract. As with the item on minimize legal liability, the City Council discussed that public safety is an obligation of the city and therefore does not need to be listed as a priority/goal. F. Reinstate view ordinance – Support waiting for outcome of current complaints before changing current process. A member of the City Council expressed that only one case has been processed with the current view case and that the City should collect more experience with the current view ordinance before changes are implemented. Another member of the City Council expressed that the fee on view application ($2,000 per application for case against unlimited properties) is insufficient for cost recovery and the fee should be increased. There was no consensus among the City Council to change the current view ordinance. 173 3 G. Purchase property for open space – not acquire The City Council agreed to eliminate this item as a priority/goal due to the Surplus Land Act. H. Refund the residents – staff coming back with recommendations on how to spend surplus: services, drainage, firebreak, etc. Come back after fiscal year. City Council committing money TBD. Staff recommended that the City Council hold community events such as outdoor moving nights at the City Hall campus during the summer time. The City Council expressed consensus to fund community events. There was also consensus among the Council that surplus should not be used to refund the residents but the surplus funds should be used to provide more services to the residents. With the capital improvement backlog, there was discussion that there would no surplus until after all the capital improvements were completed. 174 Strategic Plan 2022 for Fiscal Year 2022-2023 and Fiscal Year 2023-2024 Priority 2022 Action Notes 2022 1 Wildfire/Emergency Preparedness Evacuation City should continue work in the Preserve by the Conservancy Conduct emergency preparedness drill. Consider vegetation management in the canyon ordinance. Consider wildfire cameras. Apply for additional grants for fuel management in the community Complete the CALOES/FEMA Vegetation Management Grant project Allocate funds to support the above measures including continued support for the Block Captain Program. 2 Utility Undergrounding Complete CALOES/FEMA Utility Undergrounding grant projects. Support utility undergrounding projects (grant funded, resident initiated assessment districts and or single pole removal). 3 Capital Improvement Projects Prority of projects: (1) Tennis Courts ADA Improvements; (2) City Hall ADA Improvements; and (3) construct 8" sewer main (if grant funds are available. 4 Drainage Eliminate storm water discharge out of the City. Retain as much storm water discharge as much as possible on individual parcels. Find alternative compliance approaches for the MS4 permit. Research ownership, and responsible party for maintaining and operating the common drains in the City of Rolling Hills. Allocate funding to support the above measures. 5 Communication with Residents Blue Newsletter: good content and quantity. Continue to have staff manage the content of the Blue Newsletters. Complete Emergency Information System (EIS) and utilize the Alert South bay to notify residents electronically. Out source the production of the Blue Newsletter to allow staff time to be spent on services. 6 City personnel recruitment and retention plan Consider benefit package improvements to attract and retain personnel. Explore quality of life workspace including telecommuting policies, four days per week/ten hour day operations, compensation time, and etc. Allocate funding to support the above measures. 7 Expand resident services Hire notary using General Fund and provide one day a month free service at City Hall Consider providing passport service at City Hall Hold additional community events like "Outdoor Movie Nights," and utilize the City Hall campus for events. Staff to provide recommendations on service expansion. 8 Reinstate View Ordinance Process current view cases per the current ordinance, observe process, and evaluate after cases have concluded. property. Wait and observe view cases before changing current process. 9 Sewer Complete current design and feasibility studies in progress. Apply for Federal, State and Local grants for construction of the 8" main line along Rolling Hills Road. Seek and apply for grant funds to support construction of sewer projects in the community. 175 CITY COUNCIL 2022 STRATEGIC PRIORITIES Proposed Budget Items for Fiscal Year 2022-2023 Wildfire Mitigation/Emergency Preparedness Utility Undergrounding Capital Improvement Projects Drainage Communication with Residents City Personnel Recruitment/Retention Plan Expand resident services Sewer Budget Item Cost Budget Item Cost Budget Item Cost Budget Item Cost Budget Item Cost Budget Item Cost Budget Item Cost Budget Item Cost 1 Block Captain Program $50,000 Crest Road East Utility Undergrounding Project - funded by CalOES/FEMA Grant $381,000 Tennis Courts ADA Improvement Project $400,000 Parcel based hydro modification policy development $2,000 Outsource production of the Blue Newsletter $10,000 Hire company that provide professional Human Resource Support $20,000 Summer outdoor movie nights at the City Hall campus $5,000 Hire grant writer to seek grant funds to support the construction of the 8" sewer main along Rolling Hills Road $15,000 2 Fire Fuel Reduction in the Preserve $83,000 Eastfield Drive Undergrounding Project - funded by CalOES/FEMA Grant $660,000 City Hall ADA Improvement Project $1,000,000 Masterplan: eliminate storm water discharge from the City (monitoring) $50,000 On-going maintenance for EIS and Trading Post $15,000 Increase City contribution to employees' medical/dental/vision coverage $6,000 Hire notary - one day per month to provide service to residents $2,000 3 Consultant to support enforcement of fire fuel abatement ordinance, and other ordinances relating to fire fuel abatement. $30,000 Assessment District Project Support - workshops for neighborhood groups and supply technical experts for Q/A $15,000 Research on drainage ownership/agreement s with Los Angeles County Flood Control District $2,000 On-going subscription for Alert South bay and E-Notify $5,000 $163,000 $1,056,000 $1,400,000 $54,000 $30,000 $26,000 $7,000 $15,000 GF and Rule 20A General Fund only Grand Total $2,751,000 $1,695,000 176 Agenda Item No.: 13.A Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:JOHN SIGNO, DIRECTOR OF PLANNING & COMMUNITY SERVICES THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:APPEAL OF COMMITTEE ON TREES AND VIEWS' DECISION ON VIEW PRESERVATION COMPLAINT - 61 EASTFIELD DRIVE (JUGE - COMPLAINANT) AND 59 EASTFIELD DRIVE (TAMAYO/SIERRA - VEGETATION OWNER) DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: On September 4, 2019, the City received a View Preservation Application from Mr. Joseph Juge at 61 Eastfield Drive (Complainant) regarding vegetation located on Mr. Julio Sierra and Dr. Beatriz Tamayo's property at 59 Eastfield Drive (Vegetation Owners). The application was found to be insufficient because the parties had not gone through initial reconciliation and mediation as described in Rolling Hills Municipal Code (RHMC) Section 17.26.040. On October 28, 2020, Mr. Juge filed another application requesting review by the Committee on Trees and Views (CTV). The application included correspondences showing initial reconciliation and meditation were attempted, which continued until October 9, 2020, when the Vegetation owners asked about the responsibility for the mediator's fee. Records show that the Complainant never responded to the question, thus ending all communication between the two parties. Complainant claimed that he met the requirements of the Municipal Code because the mediation phase exceeded the 60-day period. Per the Municipal Code, the Complainant may proceed to an advisory hearing before the CTV if the Vegetation Owners fail to respond within 60 days. In this case, the Vegetation Owners responded to the request for mediation, however, the Complainant stopped communicating. Based on this action, the mediation phase was not completed. On June 1, 2021, staff informed the CTV on the actions that had taken place. The parties were advised to continue and complete the mediation phase with the caveat for an end date. On August 17, 2021, staff reported to the CTV that both parties had not settled on a mediator and a new deadline was set for October 5, 2021. On September 1, 2021, the Vegetation Owners emailed the Complainant and copied staff that 177 they have decided to withdraw their intention to mediate. On October 5, 2021, November 2, 2021, November 3, 2021 (site visit), November 9, 2021, and November 16, 2021, the CTV held meetings to discuss the application. Ultimately, it was decided that an arborist be selected to provide an evaluation of the vegetation. On November 17, 2021, the Complainant sent the City a list of four arborists. The City contacted all four, but only one responded, Mr. Gregory MacDonald. Mr. MacDonald was ultimately retained after both parties agreed to his services. On November 30, 2021, at 10:00 a.m., the arborist conducted a site inspection at both properties and prepared a written report for tree maintenance and restoration that was presented to the CTV at its evening meeting on November 30, 2021 at 5:30 p.m. At the evening meeting, the CTV adopted Resolution No. 2021-21-CTV advising on the view preservation dispute. The Committee made several recommendations for restorative actions and preventative measures, which are described in Resolution No. 2021-21-CTV. On January 27, 2022, the City received an appeal of Resolution No. 2021-21-CTV from the Vegetation Owners' attorney, Mr. Edgar Coronado. DISCUSSION: Pursuant to RHMC Section 17.25.040.D, if either party is not satisfied by the recommendations of the CTV, said party may request a public hearing before the City Council to review the decision of the CTV. The City Council shall be guided by the evaluation criteria set forth in Section 17.26.050, and the heirarchy of restorative actions set forth in Section 17.26.060. 17.26.050 - Considerations for applying the view preservation ordinance. A . The following nonexclusive factors, for which the parties can prove by a preponderance of the evidence, are to be considered in determining whether a pre-existing view has been obstructed: 1. The viewing point(s) from which the view is observed; 2. The extent of the view obstruction, both currently and at the maximum height the tree/vegetation is likely to reach (as described by the most current edition of the New Sunset Western Garden Book); 3. The quality of the view, including the existence of landmarks, vistas, or other unique view features; 4. The extent to which trees and/or vegetation have grown to obscure the enjoyment of the view from the claimant's property since the claimant acquired his/her property; 5. The extent to which the vegetation on the property preserves privacy (visual and auditory), wind screening, energy conservation, and/or climate control; 6. The extent to which the vegetation owner can establish the earliest known date when the complained of vegetation was planted or existed on the vegetation owner's real property; and 7. The degree to which the complainant diligently tried to protect and maintain their view through informal agreements with the vegetation owner or prior vegetation owner(s) and to initiate initial discussions with the current vegetation owner; and the degree to which the current vegetation owner has reasonably participated in initial discussions. B . The following applicable, nonexclusive factors, for which the parties can prove by a 178 preponderance of the evidence, may be considered in determining the appropriate restorative action, if any is necessary: 1. The variety of tree, its projected rate of growth (as described by the most current edition of the New Sunset Western Garden Book) and maintenance requirements; 2. The aesthetic quality of the tree(s), including but not limited to species characteristics, size, growth, form and vigor; 3. Location with respect to overall appearance, design or use of the tree on the vegetation owner's property, including, but not limited to blending, buffering, or reduction in the scale or mass of a structure; 4. Soil stability provided by the tree(s), considering soil structure, degree of slope and extent of the tree's root system; 5. The extent to which the vegetation owner can establish the earliest known date when the complained of vegetation was planted or existed on the vegetation owner's real property; 6. Privacy (visual and auditory) and wind screening provided by the tree(s) to the tree owner and to neighbors; 7. Energy conservation, shade and/or climate control provided by the trees; 8. Wildlife habitat provided by the trees. 17.26.060 - Restorative action. A. Restorative actions may include, but are not limited to, the following, in order of preference, assuming no countervailing health or safety interest(s) exist: 1. Lacing. Lacing is the most preferable pruning technique that removes excess foliage and can improve the structure of the tree. 2. Crown Raising. 3. Crown Reduction. Crown reduction is preferable to tree removal, if it is determined that the impact of crown reduction does not destroy the visual proportions of the tree, adversely affect the tree's growth pattern or health, or otherwise constitute a detriment to the tree(s) in question. 4. Heading Back. Heading back is only to be permitted for trees specifically planted and maintained as a hedge, espalier, bonsai, or in pollard form and if restoration actions in subsections (A) through (C) of this section will not accomplish the determined preservation action and the subsequent growth characteristics will not create a future obstruction of greater proportions. 5. Topping. Topping is only to be permitted for trees/vegetation species for which it is appropriate. 6. Removal. Removal may be considered when the above-mentioned restoration actions are judged to be ineffective and may be accompanied by replacement plantings or appropriate plant materials to restore the maximum benefits lost due to vegetation removal. B . Restorative action shall include written conditions (including ongoing maintenance), directions, and a schedule by which the mandates must be completed, and may be made to run with the land and apply to successors in interest. The complainant may bear the cost of the initial restorative action, unless the parties agree to share the costs in some other manner. Subsequent maintenance of the vegetation in question may be performed at the cost and expense of the owner of the property on which the vegetation is growing, unless otherwise agreed to by the parties or required pursuant to any final arbitration agreement or court order. The vegetation shall be maintained so as not to allow for future view impairments. 179 C . In cases where restorative action may affect the health of a tree, such actions should be carried out in accordance with standards established by the International Society of Arboriculture for use in the State of California. Severe pruning (heading back and/or topping) should be avoided due to the damage such practice causes to the vegetation's form and health. Where removal is required, replacement by appropriate species should be considered. FISCAL IMPACT: None. RECOMMENDATION: Consider the appeal and provide direction to staff. ATTACHMENTS: CL_AGN_220328_FinalCopy_RequestForAppeal.01.27.22.pdf CL_AGN_220328_StaffReport_TVCMeeting_11.30.21.pdf CL_AGN_220328_ArboristReport_59-61EastfieldDr.pdf CL_AGN_220328_ResolutionNo2021-21-CTV.pdf CL_AGN_220328_13A_2007 GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEER INSPECTION REPORT.pdf CL_AGN_220328_13A_Association.Withdrawal.Complaint.pdf CL_AGN_220328_13A_Juge. Pictures.pdf 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 Agenda Item No.: 6.A Mtg. Date: 11/30/2021 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:STEPHANIE GRANT , THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:VIEW PRESERVATION COMPLAINT - 61 EASTFIELD DRIVE (JUGE - COMPLAINANT) AND 59 EASTFIELD DRIVE (TAMAYO/SIERRA - VEGETATION OWNER) DATE:November 30, 2021 BACKGROUND: At the Committee on Trees and Views teleconference meeting on November 16, 2021, The Committee continued the meeting until November 30, 2021 at 5:30 p.m. This would give the City more time to select an arborist that was affordable for the Complainant, meet the City's requirements and certifications, and Vegetation Owners' approval. On November 17, 2021, Joe Juge (Complainant) sent the City a list of 4 arborists. The City contacted all four arborists, and only one arborist responded, Mr. Gregory MacDonald. On November 22, 2021, Gregory MacDonald (Arborist) provided the City with his qualifications and proposal. On November 22, 2021, City Staff reviewed Gregory MacDonald's certifications and qualifications. Staff determined he met all of the City's requirements and certifications. On November 22, 2021, Joe Juge (Complainant) agreed to the Arborist rate of $120 per hour for services and 12% required City Administrative fee of the total cost of arborist services. On November 24, 2021, Dr. Tamayo and Mr. Sierra (Vegetation Owners) reviewed all of the Arborist information and approved Gregory MacDonald to serve as the arborist. They also agreed to grant the arborist access to their property, with the request that a 48 notice is provided before he enters onto their property. The Vegetation Owner's requested the inspection be scheduled on either Tuesdays or Thursdays. It was also requested that the arborist understand the view preservation standards provided by the RHMC before any recommendations are made. On November 24, 2021, Mr. Joe Juge came into the City to pay the arborist fees a total of $480 ($120 per hour) and $57 (12% required City Administrative fee). 1254 On November 29, 2021, the City will enter into a contract agreement with Gregory MacDonald to provide arborist services. The arborist and Complainant will enter into a contract agreement for services. On November 30, 2021 at 10:00 a.m., the arborist will conduct site inspections at 61 Eastfield Drive (Complainant) and 59 Eastfield Drive (Vegetation Owners) and prepare a written report for tree maintenance and restoration that will be presented at the Committee on Trees and Views evening meeting on November 30, 2021 at 5:30 p.m. The arborist's recommendations, along with the Committees' recommendations will be included into the resolution that will be drafted by Staff. DISCUSSION: This meeting is a continuation of the Committee on Trees and Views virtual meeting held on November 16, 2021 at 5:30 p.m. FISCAL IMPACT: None. RECOMMENDATION: Direct Staff to prepare a resolution. ATTACHMENTS: SUPPLEMENTAL_ARBORIST REPORT 59 - 61 Eastfield Dr 11-30-2021.docx SUPPLEMENTAL_2021-01.CTV_RESOLUTION_61_Eastfield Drive__Juge v. Tamayo- c1.DOCX 2 [Link to draft resolution removed] 255 ARBORIST REPORT for 61 Eastfield Drive, Rolling Hills, CA - View restoration On November 30, 2021, I, Gregory MacDonald, Certified Arborist #WE 6469A did a site visit to assess recommendations for view restoration. There are a number of trees and some shrubs involved. Starting from the far left of the view issue, there is a Toyon shrub that should be fine with some reduction trimming up to 25% of foliage. It could possibly be trimmed lower at the next years trimming if it responds well to the first trim. Much lower on the slope, there is an apparently fully dead Eucalyptus that should be removed down to near ground level. It may or may not be a view issue but as a course of regular maintenance and safety needs to be addressed. The entire root system should probably be left in place to not disturb the slope. The large ash tree appears to be 60 + years old and in less than great health. It has dieback typical of drought stress but should not be adversely affected by the recommended reduction and lacing. As a deciduous tree, it has systems in place to deal with foliage loss. I would add the need for crown cleaning to remove all completely dead branches. The two relatively young Canary Island Pine Trees should do fine with crown reduction trimming to an appropriate side branch/whorl. I would advise not removing more than 30% of the foliage at this time. If possible, the side branches should not be cut at this time but could possible be reduced in following years. This action will completely change the natural form of these two trees, but if follow-up trimming is done with care, they can be good shade and slope stabilizing trees. The Avocado appears to be in decline and needs no trimming. The large Pepper tree was recommended to be reduced to the roofline of the adjacent structure. This tree has well developed branching, so this should be fine if reduction cuts are used and no topping cuts are done. The request to remove the large trunk growing over the pathway down towards the pool house is not recommended. I feel it would be far better reduced both vertically at the end as well as laterally. This would reduce the weight out to the side. The tree has survived being cut significantly at the base (many years ago) and I would not suggest adding to that by removing a trunk of the tree. I would advise against cuts larger than 4” diameter as Schinus molle are not known to compartmentalize decay very well. The Loquat tree close to the structure should be fine with crown reduction trimming. It too, has well developed branching that allows for smaller cuts. The pomegranate tree will do fine with reduction trimming. As a deciduous tree, it has systems in place to deal with foliage loss. 3256 The Oleander hedge is suffering from “Oleander Leaf Scorch” also called “Bacterial Leaf Scorch” (BLS) and there is no known cure. It is possible to prolong the life of these shrubs with additional watering, and I strongly recommend adding a drip irrigation system. If screening and sound reduction are the goal, I would suggest interplanting with True Bay, Wax leaf Privet, or Australian Brush Cherry. They can be planted in between the existing Oleanders and as the Oleander continue to die, the new shrubs can take over the role of a hedge. The insect that carries the bacterial disease (Xylella fastidiosa), gets the bacteria by feeding on diseased shrubs and trees, so removal of these diseased shrubs may be a consideration. Once infected, the shrubs slowly lose the ability to transport water through their Xylem to other parts of the shrub. Trimming this hedge at the roof line should be fine. The Schefflera shrub can be reduced in height one branch at a time with a lower risk of damage to it. An inspection and Arborist Report with recommendations do not in any way give or imply any warrantee against tree or limb failures. Trees and their limbs can and do fail. No inspection can prevent that, and recommendations given here are simply given as options to consider. Every tree can react differently to trimming, climate, soil conditions, and watering. Any action taken are the responsibility of the property owner and the company doing the physical work. I thank you for the opportunity to be of help with these trees, Gregory MacDonald ISA Certified Arborist #We 6469A Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 90275 (310) 941-2174 4257 ARBORIST REPORT for 61 Eastfield Drive, Rolling Hills, CA - View restoration On November 30, 2021, I, Gregory MacDonald, Certified Arborist #WE 6469A did a site visit to assess recommendations for view restoration. There are a number of trees and some shrubs involved. Starting from the far left of the view issue, there is a Toyon shrub that should be fine with some reduction trimming up to 25% of foliage. It could possibly be trimmed lower at the next years trimming if it responds well to the first trim. Much lower on the slope, there is an apparently fully dead Eucalyptus that should be removed down to near ground level. It may or may not be a view issue but as a course of regular maintenance and safety needs to be addressed. The entire root system should probably be left in place to not disturb the slope. The large ash tree appears to be 60 + years old and in less than great health. It has dieback typical of drought stress but should not be adversely affected by the recommended reduction and lacing. As a deciduous tree, it has systems in place to deal with foliage loss. I would add the need for crown cleaning to remove all completely dead branches. The two relatively young Canary Island Pine Trees should do fine with crown reduction trimming to an appropriate side branch/whorl. I would advise not removing more than 30% of the foliage at this time. If possible, the side branches should not be cut at this time but could possible be reduced in following years. This action will completely change the natural form of these two trees, but if follow-up trimming is done with care, they can be good shade and slope stabilizing trees. The Avocado appears to be in decline and needs no trimming. The large Pepper tree was recommended to be reduced to the roofline of the adjacent structure. This tree has well developed branching, so this should be fine if reduction cuts are used and no topping cuts are done. The request to remove the large trunk growing over the pathway down towards the pool house is not recommended. I feel it would be far better reduced both vertically at the end as well as laterally. This would reduce the weight out to the side. The tree has survived being cut significantly at the base (many years ago) and I would not suggest adding to that by removing a trunk of the tree. I would advise against cuts larger than 4” diameter as Schinus molle are not known to compartmentalize decay very well. The Loquat tree close to the structure should be fine with crown reduction trimming. It too, has well developed branching that allows for smaller cuts. The pomegranate tree will do fine with reduction trimming. As a deciduous tree, it has systems in place to deal with foliage loss. 258 The Oleander hedge is suffering from “Oleander Leaf Scorch” also called “Bacterial Leaf Scorch” (BLS) and there is no known cure. It is possible to prolong the life of these shrubs with additional watering, and I strongly recommend adding a drip irrigation system. If screening and sound reduction are the goal, I would suggest interplanting with True Bay, Wax leaf Privet, or Australian Brush Cherry. They can be planted in between the existing Oleanders and as the Oleander continue to die, the new shrubs can take over the role of a hedge. The insect that carries the bacterial disease (Xylella fastidiosa), gets the bacteria by feeding on diseased shrubs and trees, so removal of these diseased shrubs may be a consideration. Once infected, the shrubs slowly lose the ability to transport water through their Xylem to other parts of the shrub. Trimming this hedge at the roof line should be fine. The Schefflera shrub can be reduced in height one branch at a time with a lower risk of damage to it. An inspection and Arborist Report with recommendations do not in any way give or imply any warrantee against tree or limb failures. Trees and their limbs can and do fail. No inspection can prevent that, and recommendations given here are simply given as options to consider. Every tree can react differently to trimming, climate, soil conditions, and watering. Any action taken are the responsibility of the property owner and the company doing the physical work. I thank you for the opportunity to be of help with these trees, Gregory MacDonald ISA Certified Arborist #We 6469A Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 90275 (310) 941-2174 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 Agenda Item No.: 13.B Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:JOHN SIGNO, DIRECTOR OF PLANNING & COMMUNITY SERVICES THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:CONSIDER AND APPROVE RESOLUTION NO. 1291 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS ADOPTING THE SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE AND A NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE SAFETY ELEMENT DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: This item was continued from the March 14, 2022 City Council meeting. The City began its efforts to update the Safety Element in mid-2020 after being awarded funding from the Governor's Office of Emergency Services (CalOES). The City obtained the professional services of Rincon Consultants, Inc. to prepare the Safety Element. Once completed, the Safety Element was sent to the California Board of Forestry and Fire Protection for review, but no recommendations or changes were made. On January 18, 2022, a presentation on the Safety Element was made to the Planning Commission. The presentation provided an overview on new legislation, policies, and topics included in the Safety Element. On February 15, 2022, the Planning Commission held a public hearing and recommended unanimously that the City Council adopt the Safety Element Update. DISCUSSION: Since the March 14, 2022 City Council meeting, the negative declaration has been bifurcated and an errata has been prepared to: (1) show the changes made to the draft negative declaration to remove the Housing Element as part of the Project; and (2) explain why recirculation under CEQA Guidelines Section 15088.5 is not triggered (i.e., not a substantial revision). Originally, s taff intended the Safety Element to be considered at the same time as the Housing Element. However, the City cannot adopt the Housing Element until it receives and considers comments from HCD. The City sent the Housing Element to HCD for review on January 11, 2022. HCD now has 90 days, or by April 11, 2022, to submit its comments to the City. Since 278 the Housing Element is not ready for adoption, staff is moving forward with the Safety Element separately since it still must report to CalOES on the progress in order to receive funding reimbursement. The grant completion date is currently May 9, 2022, however, staff has requested an extension from CalOES because there is a 45-day review period by CalOES and a 30-day close-out period to receive reimbursement. An item is included in the March 28, 2022 agenda to inform Council of the requested time extension to July 15, 2022. The Safety Element provides the City of Roll ing Hills’ (City’s) goals, policies, and actions to minimize the hazards to safety in and around Rolling Hills. It evaluates natural and human- caused safety hazards that affect existing and future development and provides guidelines for protecting the community from harm. It describes existing and potential future conditions and sets policies for improved public safety. The goal is to reduce the risk of injury, death, property loss, and other hardships to acceptable levels. It is required to be reviewed and updated as necessary to address the risk of fire for land classified as state responsibility areas and land classified as very high fire hazard severity zones (Gov. Code, § 65302(g)(3)). It is required to include: Fire hazard severity zone maps available from the Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. Any historical data on wildfires available from local agencies or a reference to where the data can be found. Information about wildfire hazard areas that may be available from the United States Geological Survey. The general location and distribution of existing and planned uses of land in very high fire hazard severity zones (VHFHSZs) and in state responsibility areas (SRAs), including structures, roads, utilities, and essential public facilities. The location and distribution of planned uses of land shall not require defensible space compliance measures required by state law or local ordinance to occur on publicly owned lands or open space designations of homeowner associations. The local, state, and federal agencies with responsibility for fire protection, including special districts and local offices of emergency services (Gov. Code, § 65302(g)(3)(A)). Based on that information, the Safety Element shall include goals, policies, and objectives that protect the community from the unreasonable risk of wildfire. (Gov. Code, § 65302(g)(3)(B)). To carry out those goals, policies, and objectives, feasible implementation measures shall be included in the Safety Element, which include but are not limited to: Avoiding or minimizing the wildfire hazards associated with new uses of land. Locating, when feasible, new essential public facilities outside of high fire risk areas, including, but not limited to, hospitals and health care facilities, emergency shelters, emergency command centers, and emergency communications facilities, or identifying construction methods or other methods to minimize damage if these facilities are located in the SRA or VHFHSZ. Designing adequate infrastructure if a new development is located in the SRA or VHFHSZ, including safe access for emergency response vehicles, visible street signs, and water supplies for structural fire suppression. Working cooperatively with public agencies with responsibility for fire protection (Gov. Code, § 65302(g)(3)(C)). 279 The Safety Element shall also attach or reference any fire safety plans or other documents adopted by the City that fulfill the goals and objectives or contains the information required above (Gov. Code, § 65302(g)(3)(D)). This might include Local Hazard Mitigation Plans, Unit Fire Plans, Community Wildfire Protection Plans, or other plans. FISCAL IMPACT: The City obtained a grant from CalOES for $47,624 to update the Safety Element. The City is committed to providing $15,875 in local match (General Fund) to meet the total project cost of $63,499. As of the end of 2021, the City spent $53,115.50 in consultant and administrative costs. Certification of the Element provides an indirect positive fiscal impact by reducing legal risks and qualifying the City for State planning grants. RECOMMENDATION: Approve Resolution No. 1291 adopting the Safety Element update and a negative declaration for the Safety Element. ATTACHMENTS: CL_AGN_220328_SafetyElement_Final_0322.pdf CL_AGN_220328_21330_RH_Final_ND_032522.pdf CL_AGN_220328_21330_Draft_ND_Errata_032522.pdf CL_AGN_220328_21330_AB52_SB18_Summary_022222.pdf CL_AGN_220328_2022-02_PC_Resolution_SafetyElement_E.pdf CL_AGN_220328_ResolutionNo1291_Safety_Element_R.pdf 280 ROLLING HILLS ROLLING HILLS GENERAL PLANGENERAL PLAN SAFETY ELEMENT prepared by City of Rolling Hills Planning and Community Services 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, California 90274 prepared with the assistance of Rincon Consultants, Inc. 706 South Hill Street, Suite 1200 Los Angeles, California 90014 March 2022 281 Table of Contents Safety Element i Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 City Setting ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Regulatory Setting .......................................................................................................................... 1 Critical Facilities and Infrastructure ................................................................................................ 3 Hazards of Concern................................................................................................................................. 6 Geologic Hazards ............................................................................................................................ 6 Flooding ........................................................................................................................................10 Wildland and Urban Fires .............................................................................................................14 Hazardous Materials .....................................................................................................................17 Community Communication .................................................................................................................17 Emergency Response and Evacuation ..........................................................................................17 Disease Prevention .......................................................................................................................19 Climate Change .....................................................................................................................................20 Vulnerable Populations and Assets ..............................................................................................20 Vulnerability Assessment Results .................................................................................................22 Goals, Policies, and Implementation ....................................................................................................24 Hazard Mitigation .........................................................................................................................24 Community Communication .........................................................................................................31 Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience ..................................................................................39 References ............................................................................................................................................41 Tables Table 1 Rolling Hills Climate Summary ............................................................................................ 1 Table 2 Rolling Hills Demographic Characteristics ........................................................................... 2 Table 3 Active Faults Located less than 50 Miles from Rolling Hills ................................................ 9 Figures Figure 1 Critical Facilities Map .......................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2 Landslide Hazard Zones ...................................................................................................... 7 Figure 3 Faults in the Vicinity of Rolling Hills .................................................................................... 8 Figure 4 Rolling Hills Earthquake Shaking Potential .......................................................................11 Figure 5 Rolling Hills Liquefaction Hazard Areas .............................................................................12 Figure 6 Dam Inundation Areas ......................................................................................................13 Figure 7 Fire Hazard Zones ..............................................................................................................15 Figure 8 Existing Evacuation Routes ...............................................................................................18 282 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan ii Appendices Appendix A Existing Conditions Report 283 Introduction Safety Element 1 Introduction The Safety Element provides the City of Rolling Hills’ (City’s) goals, policies, and actions to minimize the hazards to safety in and around Rolling Hills. The Element evaluates natural and human-caused safety hazards that affect existing and future development and provides guidelines for protecting the community from harm. The Element describes existing and potential future conditions and sets policies for improved public safety. The goal of the Safety Element is to reduce the risk of injury, death, property loss, and other hardships to acceptable levels. City Setting Rolling Hills covers an area of approximately three square-miles on the Palos Verdes peninsula, approximately 18 miles south of downtown Los Angeles. The topography of the city and peninsula area is unique in that it rises above the Los Angeles Basin with rolling hills, steep slopes, and canyons. The city itself is in the San Pedro Hills. Due to its location near the coast, the area is generally cooler and has fewer air quality concerns compared to the nearby Los Angeles Basin. Table 1 summarizes the climatology of the area. Rolling Hills City Hall Rolling Hills is a residential community that consists of large parcels and ranch-style homes and has a sizable older adult1 population of about 513 (28% of the city’s total population). Important community demographic data for Rolling Hills is included in Table 2. The city is also an equestrian community, as many of residents are horse owners or have horses on their property. Regulatory Setting Section 65302(g) of the California Government Code requires that the General Plans include a Safety Element for the protection of the community from any unreasonable risks associated with the effects of seismically induced surface rupture, ground shaking, ground failure, tsunami, Table 1 Rolling Hills Climate Summary Climate Character Estimate Annual Average Observed Maximum Temperature from 1961 - 1990 (Fahrenheit) 71 Annual Average Observed Minimum Temperature from 1961 – 1990 (Fahrenheit) 50 Annual Average Observed Precipitation from 1961 – 1990 (inches) 19 Source: Cal-Adapt 2021 1 An older adult is any adult over the age of 65 years old. 284 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 2 Table 2 Rolling Hills Demographic Characteristics Demographic Characteristics Estimate General Total Population 1,739 Population under 10 years 7 percent Population over 65 years 28 percent1 Race 77 percent White, 18 percent Asian, 5 percent Hispanic/Latino Disability (hearing, vision, cognitive, ambulatory) 12 percent Housing Total Households 6451 Average Household Size 2.76 Owner-occupied Households 96 percent Population over 65 years living alone 15 percent of those over 65 years Employment Unemployment Rate 6 percent Poverty Rate 2 percent Median Income $ 239,000 Insurance Coverage 97 percent Source: U.S. Census 2018 seiche, and dam failure; slope instability leading to mudslides and landslides; subsidence and other geologic hazards; flooding, and wildland and urban fire. In addition, Safety Elements are required to address non-hazard specific issues such as peak load water supply, evacuation routes, and military installations. Senate Bill 379, adopted on October 8, 2015, requires cities to include climate change adaptation and resilience into the general plan process. To comply with SB 379, this Safety Element includes a vulnerability assessment; adaptation and resilience goals, polices, and objectives; and feasible implementation measures. Senate Bill 99, adopted August 30, 2020, requires the cities to “identify residential developments in any hazard area identified in the safety element that does not have at least two emergency evacuation routes.” SB 99 does not define neighborhood and cities are expected to define neighborhoods based on their community. Relationship to Other Documents The Rolling Hills Safety Element is one of several plans that address safety in the City. The Safety Element must be consistent with these other plans to ensure the City has a unified strategy to address safety issues. The Safety Element includes information and policies from the following documents to ensure consistency. Other General Plan Elements The Safety Element is one section of the Rolling Hills General Plan. Other elements include Land Use, Transportation, Housing, 285 Introduction Safety Element 3 Conservation, Open Space and Recreation and Noise. Policies in these other elements may be related to safety issues. Information and policies in the Safety Element should not conflict with those in other elements. Hazard Mitigation Plan The City’s Hazard Mitigation Plan includes resources and information to assist the City of Rolling Hills, its residents, and public and private sector organizations in planning for hazard events. The Plan provides a list of activities that may assist the City in reducing risk and preventing loss from future hazard events. The action items address multi-hazard issues, as well as activities specifically for reducing risk and preventing losses relating to earthquake, land movement, wildfire, and drought. Community Wildfire Protection Plan The City’s Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP), adopted in July 2020, seeks to reduce wildfire risk in Rolling Hills. The Plan was developed collaboratively among stakeholders including the community, the City of Rolling Hills, the Rolling Hills Community Association, and the Los Angeles County Fire Department, and the Los Angeles Sheriff’s Department. The Plan includes fire mitigation and evacuation strategies for the community. Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Critical facilities are places that provide emergency services or serve people who would be impacted by an emergency. Examples include hospitals, fire stations, police stations, emergency services facilities, utility facilities, and communication facilities. Critical facilities can also include the transportation system and schools. Due to the size and composition of Rolling Hills, many of the critical facilities that serve the city are located outside of city limits. No areas in Rolling Hills have been identified as lacking emergency service. Critical facilities that serve the city are shown in Figure 1 and include: Rolling Hills City Hall: 2 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA Rolling Hills Community Association: 1 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA Rancho Del Mar High School: 38 Crest Road West, Rolling Hills, CA Storm Hill Park: Agua Magna Canyon, Rolling Hills, CA Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Lomita Station: 26123 Narbonne Avenue, Lomita, CA Los Angeles County Fire Station No. 56: 12 Crest Road West, Rolling Hills, CA Los Angeles County Communications Tower: 5741 Crestridge Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: Crestridge Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: Tarragon Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: 27873 Hawthorn Boulevard, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: Palos Verdes Drive North/Palos Verdes Drive East (SW corner), Rolling Hills Estates, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 3960 East Crest Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: Via Canada, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 1 Spur Lane, Rolling Hills, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 60 Eastfield Drive, Rolling Hills, CA Portuguese Bend Road Crest Road 286 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 4 Rolling Hills Community Association 287 Introduction Safety Element 5 Figure 1 Critical Facilities Map 288 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 6 Hazards of Concern Geologic Hazards Geologic processes that pose a threat to life, health, property, or infrastructure are considered geologic hazards. Natural geologic hazards that have the potential to affect Rolling Hills include seismic hazards, landslides, liquefaction, expansive soils, and weathering. In most cases, these natural processes cannot be prevented; however, the magnitude of destruction resulting from natural geologic hazards can be reduced through planning policies and measures. Landslide Hazards Landslide activity refers to a wide range of gravity driven downslope earth movement, including rockslides, rotational slips, mudslides, and shallow debris flows. Geological and geomorphological conditions such as soil type, soil strength, slope angle, and slope height predispose slopes for failure. Other factors affecting the susceptibility to slope failure include the amount of precipitation, vegetation on the slope, groundwater seepage, and human modifications to the slope. Landslides often result in damage to property and roadways and can cause them to become unsafe due to displacement of the subsurface. Much of the existing development in Rolling Hills is located on hilly terrain and have a greater potential to experience landslide hazards. Many of the canyons in Rolling Hills exhibit steep slopes with little vegetation coverage, leaving them susceptible to slope failure. Figure 2 shows the landslide zones in the City of Rolling Hills, as mapped by the California Geological Survey (CGS). Landslide activity has been well documented in the region. Relicts of landslides and rockslides are present throughout the City of Rolling Hills. 2 “Beginning in” is defined as the first noted event of major rock movement The following major landslides have occurred in and adjacent to the city. All are in the landslide hazards areas identified in Figure 2: ▪ Portuguese Bend Landslide: Beginning in2 1956 over approximately 270 acres in Rancho Palos Verdes ▪ Abalone Cove Landslide: Beginning in 1974 over 80 acres in Rancho Palos Verdes ▪ Klondike Canyon Landslide: Beginning in 1979 over to the south near the coastline ▪ Flying Triangle Landslide: Beginning in 1970s or 1980s over approximately 70 acres in the southeast area of the city The Flying Triangle Landslide, shown in Figure 2, continues to impact the southeast portion of the city through impacts to private roads and above-ground utility lines. This area is relatively unsuitable for development due to the ongoing changes in topography. Seismic Hazards Rolling Hills is in a seismically active region of southern California. The last major earthquake in the Los Angeles area was the 5.1 magnitude La Habra earthquake in 2014. Rolling Hills is within 50 miles of the Whittier fault, Newport-Inglewood fault, Palos Verdes fault, Malibu Coast fault, Cabrillo fault, Santa Monica fault, and Redondo Canyon fault. Analysis of seismic data from the region indicates that the Whittier and Newport- Inglewood faults may generate a maximum credible earthquake of magnitude 7.2 and 7.4, respectively (SCEC 2013). Figure 3 shows the faults in the vicinity of Rolling Hills. Typically, seismic shaking and fault rupture are primary hazards as they occur as a direct result of the interaction between the seismic wave energy and the earth’s surface. Secondary hazards, such as liquefaction and earthquake-induced landslides, occur as a result of the primary earthquake hazards. 289 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 7 Figure 2 Landslide Hazard Zones 290 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 8 Figure 3 Faults in the Vicinity of Rolling Hills 291 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 9 Often, earthquake activity can result in other effects such as building damage/collapse, infrastructure failure, pipeline breakage, and damage to transportation and communication facilities. The size of the earthquake and distance from the fault rupture zone typically determine the severity of these events. Seismic Shaking Seismic shaking, or ground shaking, refers to the movement of the earth’s surface resulting from the energy release by an earthquake. Seismic shaking is typically the primary cause of property damage resulting from earthquake activity. Seismic shaking can destroy buildings, roadways, powerlines, and pipelines. Energy transmitted through the ground can travel hundreds of miles and may cause damage in many locations simultaneously. Closer proximity to the fault rupture area results in stronger shaking in that location. The amount of ground shaking that occurs in a location depends on the magnitude of the earthquake, the distance from the epicenter, and local soil conditions. The intensity of ground shaking is related to the peak ground velocity during an earthquake. As shown in Figure 4, the earthquake shaking potential for Rolling Hills is low to moderate. The intensity of seismic shaking is measured using the Modified Mercalli scale. According to the CGS, an active fault is one that has experienced surface movement in the past 11,000 years. The city is located near a number of active faults, including the Cabrillo Fault in city limits. Table 3 includes a list of nearby faults, their respective distance from the city, the maximum credible earthquake generated from each fault, and the likelihood of earthquake occurrence in each case. The San Andreas fault is located approximately 80 miles to the east of Rolling Hills. Although the San Andreas fault is located at a greater distance from the city, seismic shaking originating from earthquakes occurring along the San Andreas fault poses a threat to the city. Figure 3 identifies the active and inactive faults located in the city and vicinity. Fault Rupture Fault Rupture occurs when seismic movement on a fault break through the earth’s surface. Hazards related to fault rupture arise when structures are built near or on top of an active fault. While there are a number of seismically active faults in the city and region, there are no active faults with the potential for ground rupture, defined by the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act and delineated by CGS. Figure 3 shows the designated Alquist-Priolo study zones, the closest of which is the Newport-Inglewood Fault approximately nine miles northeast of the city. Table 3 Active Faults Located less than 50 Miles from Rolling Hills Fault Name* Approximate Distance from Rolling Hills Whittier 25 miles east Newport-Inglewood 9 miles east Palos Verdes <1 mile north Malibu Coast 20 miles northwest Cabrillo Located in the City boundaries Santa Monica 20 miles north-northwest *All faults listed are active. An active fault is one that has experienced surface movement in the past 11,000 years. 292 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 10 Liquefaction and Settlement Liquefaction is a ground failure phenomenon that occurs as a result of a seismic event. Liquefaction increases water content in surface soils until the soil reaches a semi- liquid state, contributing to a reduction in support, and ultimately resulting in shifting or subsidence of buildings and utilities. Ground failure typically occurs when the following conditions exist: ▪ Loose, unconsolidated granular soils ▪ Shallow groundwater ▪ Strong seismic ground shaking While Rolling Hills has moderate to high seismic shaking potential, the subsurface soils generally lack saturated alluvial deposits and thick, granular soils. Figure 5 shows the liquefaction hazard areas, which are in the low-lying areas to the east and north, generally surrounding the Los Angeles Harbor and Harbor Lake. Liquefaction potential for Rolling Hills is low, as shown in Figure 5. Earthquake Induced Landslides Ground failure or destabilization of slopes resulting from an earthquake can also occur following seismic activity in the form of Earthquake-Induced Landslides. Earthquake- induced landslides typically occur in areas with steep slopes or unstable soil conditions. As discussed above under Landslide Hazards, the risk of landslide activity in Rolling Hills is high. Much of the city overlies areas that have been identified as landslide zones by the CGS. Risk of landslide activity increases following rainfall events that result in saturated soils. Both shallow and deep seeded landslides have historically occurred in the city. Flooding Rolling Hills participates in the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) National Flood Insurance Program. According to the FEMA flood maps, the city is not located in a flood hazard area and currently has a less than 0.2 percent annual chance to be inundated by flood waters as a result of a storm event (FEMA 2008). Overall, the city is not in any immediate risk from flooding caused by overflowing water bodies or heavy rains. However, runoff and minor flooding pose a risk if drainage systems fail along canyon bottoms, where natural drainage leads. Dam Inundation No water storage facilities that the State of California identifies as dams are located in Rolling Hills. Just outside city limits are three water storage facilities identified as dams, which include: ▪ Palos Verdes Reservoir. Owned by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California and located at the southeast corner of Palos Verdes Drive East and Palos Verdes Drive North. According to the California Department of Water Resources, the reservoir can hold approximately 1,100 gallons of water and has an extremely high downstream hazard. ▪ 10 MG Walteria and 18 MG Walteria. Two reinforced concrete tanks which are owned by the City of Torrance and located at Crenshaw Boulevard and Crest Road. The tanks can hold 31 and 58 acre- feet (AF) of water, respectively. Senate Bill 92, adopted in 2017, is a new dam safety requirement that requires dam owners to map the downstream inundation areas for dams governed by the Department of Water Resources. Figure 6 shows the inundation areas for the nearby water storage facilities. Due to their locations and the topography of the area, the inundation areas do not enter or affect any portion of the city. 293 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 11 Figure 4 Rolling Hills Earthquake Shaking Potential 294 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 12 Figure 5 Rolling Hills Liquefaction Hazard Areas 295 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 13 Figure 6 Dam Inundation Areas 296 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 14 Wildland and Urban Fires The entire City of Rolling Hills is designated a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire), as shown in Figure 7. Rolling Hills terrain is comprised of several large and steep canyons that limit and challenge vegetation management and present conditions where a fire can quickly travels up and downslope to nearby homes. Due to the rural nature and large residential lots, many homes are surrounded by more substantial vegetation and dense brush than in more suburban settings. The bridle trails for hikers and equestrian access also contain dense vegetation and management difficulties, which contributes to the fire risk of the city. Electrical power lines pose a hazard to starting fires in the city if lines are not automatically de-energized when knocked down by extreme weather or if the surrounding vegetation is not adequately managed. There is a history of fires in the city and the surrounding Palos Verdes Peninsula. Three major fires have been documented on the Peninsula and in the city in: ▪ 1923: an estimated 4,000 acres burned in Palos Verdes Hills ▪ 1945: 3,000 acres burned ▪ 1973: approximately 900-925 acres burned, 12 homes destroyed, and 10 homes damaged ▪ 2005: 212 acres burned near Del Cero Park ▪ 2009: 230 acres burned, 6 homes damaged, and forced 1,200 residents on the Peninsula to evacuate ▪ 2015: 3 acres burned Los Angeles County Fire Station No. 56 297 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 15 Figure 7 Fire Hazard Zones 298 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 16 For many of the developed residences in the city that are vulnerable to fires, their risk may increase with construction techniques that may not meet current wildfire standards. Rolling Hills Building Code and Los Angeles County Fire Department, under the VHFHSZ standards, require new development to include more stringent design and material standards for roofing, eaves, and rafter tails as well as exterior finishes and fire buffer zones. While compliance with these standards reduces the vulnerability to new structures, existing structures that have not complied with these standards may be susceptible to undue fire risk. Existing Fire Risk Reduction Strategies ▪ Rolling Hills Municipal Code (RHMC) Chapter 8.24 Abatement of Nuisances, Chapter 8.30: Fire Fuel Abatement, and Chapter 15.20 Fire Code ▪ Los Angeles County Fire Department Fuel Modification Plans ▪ Los Angeles County Fire Code Section 4908 ▪ Rolling Hills Community Wildfire Protection Plan vegetation management standard recommendations ▪ Rolling Hills Community Association fire fuel management strategies Portuguese Bend Road, south of Crest Road 299 Community Communication Safety Element 17 Hazardous Materials According to the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC), there are no hazardous waste sites or facilities in Rolling Hills (DTSC 2020). The city and surrounding area do not contain heavy industrial uses that would create a hazardous material risk in the event of a spill, release, or natural disaster. The city is not located near any major transit routes involving transport of a substantial quantity of hazardous material through the city. However, the nearby oil refineries (located along Sepulveda Boulevard approximately six miles northeast) and Port operations (located approximately three miles to the east) could create air quality impacts if wind patterns and release events occur. Air quality impacts are discussed in the Open Space and Conservation Element of the Rolling Hills General Plan. Community Communication Emergency Response and Evacuation Police Response and Crime The Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department is contracted with the city to provide police services and protection to the city. The Lomita Station of the Sheriff’s Department located at 26123 Narbonne Avenue serves the city. According to the Lomita Station crimes report from January 1, 2020, through December 31, 2020, Rolling Hills had 7 reported crimes (LACSD 2020). The crimes were related to theft, burglary, and arson. Outside the city limits and in the Lomita District, 401 crimes were reported during this same period, 79 of which were violent crimes (LACSD 2021). The difference in crimes in the city and the surrounding area is attributed to the private nature of the city. There are three entrances to the city, all of which are gated and staffed 24 hours a day. Visitors are required to be on a resident’s guest list to enter city limits, reducing crime in the city and demand on Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department. Fire Response The Los Angeles County Fire Department provides emergency operations support to the City and participates in the California mutual aid system. Mutual aid is emergency assistance that is dispatched upon request across jurisdictional boundaries. Fire Station 56, located at 12 Crest Road West, serves the city under Battalion 14, which also serves the remaining Palos Verdes Peninsula, Lomita, and Avalon Canyon. Fire response constraints in the city include ability to access certain homes or areas due to inadequate road widths for fire maneuvering. One of the major topics of concern related to fire response in the city relates to vegetation clearing along roadways. Ten-foot clearance on each side of the roadway, especially the limited access roads, is important for fire response and evacuation during a fire, according to Scott Hale, Assistant Fire Chief. Evacuation Strategies and Routes Because a variety of hazards could affect city residents, it is vital to identify critical routes for evacuation in the event of a major event. Senate Bill 99, adopted August 30, 2020, requires cities to “identify residential developments in any hazard area identified in the safety element that does not have at least two emergency evacuation routes.” Due to the size of Rolling Hills and that it has four evacuation routes, no neighborhoods have been identified as not having two evacuation routes. As shown on the Figure 8, the evacuation routes also connect to major 300 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 18 Figure 8 Existing Evacuation Routes 301 Community Communication Safety Element 19 roadways in the area that are multi- directional such as Crenshaw Boulevard, Palos Verdes Drive North and Palos Verdes Drive East. Figure 8 identifies the existing evacuation routes in the city, which are: ▪ Main Gate at Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North ▪ Crest Gate at Crest Road near Crenshaw Blvd ▪ Eastfield Gate at Eastfield Drive and Palos Verdes Drive East ▪ Crest Road East Gate at the end of Crest Road East Crest Road East Gate has been updated with a motor and has no guards. This gate is available as an emergency exit to the city during emergencies. The City’s recently adopted CWPP establishes evacuation strategies and methodologies, including: ▪ Using the City’s Block Captains3 as important coordinators for residents ▪ Communication goals between the City, emergency responders, Rolling Hills Community Association, and residents ▪ Details for residents regarding how people get notified during an evacuation ▪ Responsibilities and operations of the Emergency Operations Center Disease Prevention As evidenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, unforeseen infectious diseases can be disastrous for communities, especially vulnerable groups such as older adults, and people with compromised immune systems. The City worked diligently during the pandemic to minimize risk to community members. The Block Captains regularly checked in on old adults in the community, Fire Station Trail 3 The Rolling Hills Block Captain Program is a city-sponsored, resident-based community program of volunteers. Their role is to get to know neighbors, help them to prepare for an emergency, and be a liaison between first responders and City of Rolling Hills during an emergency. 302 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 20 finding out what residents needed, helping run errands, and providing hand sanitizer Additionally, the City disseminated information regularly including where to buy groceries at the beginning of the pandemic, testing information, and more. Policies regarding infectious disease can help expedite recovery and prepare the community for future risks. Climate Change Climate change is expected to affect future occurrences of natural hazards in and around Rolling Hills. Some hazards are projected to become more frequent and intense in the coming decades, and in some cases, climate impacts have already begun. In developing the Safety Element, the City competed a Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment consistent with Government Code Section 65302(g), which assesses how the populations and assets in Rolling Hills are vulnerable to different climate hazards. The full Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment can be found in Appendix A: Existing Conditions Report. According to the Vulnerability Assessment, the city is most vulnerable to wildfire impacts, extreme heat, and landslide impacts from climate change. According to the Vulnerability Assessment and the California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment, Rolling Hills can expect the following changes to natural hazard events: ▪ Projected annual average maximum temperature is expected to increase in Rolling Hills between 1.8- and 6.6-degrees Fahrenheit (°F) compared to 1990, depending on the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenario.4 4 The Vulnerability Assessment uses two GHG emissions scenarios: Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5. RCP 4.5 describes a scenario in which GHG ▪ Extreme heat events are also expected to increase in Rolling Hills. The annual number of average extreme heat days is projected to increase from a baseline of 4 between 1950 and 2005 to 8 or 14 between 2030 and 2099, depending on the GHG emissions scenario. ▪ Although only small changes in average precipitation are projected, the Los Angeles Region, which includes Rolling Hills, is expected to experience dry and wet precipitation extremes and higher frequency and severity of storms. Increasing storm intensity may exacerbate landslide hazards in the city. Warmer and drier conditions state-wide could increase the prevalence of drought conditions that could impact Rolling Hills. ▪ Wildfire is projected to increase over all of southern California. Vulnerable Populations and Assets As climate change occurs, communities will be affected to varying degrees and impacts depending on the hazard as well as how sensitive the communities are to impacts. Virtually all people and assets in a community will be affected by climate change in some way, but some communities may be more sensitive. The Vulnerability Assessment identified the following sensitivities: Populations ▪ Children. Approximately 6.6 percent of the total population in Rolling Hills are ten years old or younger. ▪ Persons in Poverty. This is identified for people living in households with an income below the poverty limit, which is $26,200 for a household of four people. There are approximately 26 people in emissions peak around 2050 and then decline. RCP 8.5 is the scenario in which GHG emissions continue to rise through 2050 before leveling off around 2100. 303 Climate Change Safety Element 21 Rolling Hills who live in poverty, or approximately 1.6 percent of the total population for whom poverty status can be determined. ▪ Persons with Chronic Health Conditions. These are people who have a long-term or permanent health condition that can create regular challenges in their day-to- day lives. These health problems include obesity, cancer, heart disease, and arthritis. In addition, those with any kind of disability, including mobility challenges, hearing, or vision impairments, behavioral disabilities, and challenges living independently or taking care of themselves. Approximately 11.5 percent of the population have identified having a disability. ▪ Renters. These are people who live in homes that they (or the head of their household) do not own. Approximately 24 housing units, or 4 percent of the housing units in Rolling Hills, are renter-occupied. ▪ Older Adults. These are persons 65 years or older are more at risk for climate change impacts, especially those living alone. 28 percent of the population of Rolling Hills are over 65 years, and 15 percent of those over 65 years live alone. ▪ Limited English Proficiency. Approximately three percent of households have identified being limited English-speaking. Of those, a majority spoke Asian and Pacific Island languages and Spanish. Infrastructure ▪ Access Roads. These roadways are one of a few, or the only, ways in and out of some communities or neighborhoods. The single or limited number of entry and exit points does not make the road itself more vulnerable than other roads, but loss of these roadways can effectively cut off large numbers of people from other areas in the Palos Verdes Peninsula and the rest of Los Angeles County. Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are the primary access roads into and out of the city. ▪ Bridle Trails. Throughout the community are over 25 miles of trails available to residents and non-city residents who obtain permits. The trails are maintained by the Rolling Hills Community Association and located primarily in canyon areas. ▪ Electrical Substations. Electrical substations are facilities that convert electricity from one voltage to another, making it suitable for long-distance transmission or for use by homes, businesses, and other electrical customers. There are no electrical substations located in city limits, but three are located near the city in Rancho Palos Verdes and owned/operated by Southern California Edison. ▪ Electrical Utility Lines. These lines transmit and deliver electricity from Southern California Edison to the city. The city has both underground and overhead electric utility lines. ▪ Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines. Natural gas pipelines carry large volumes of natural gas between communities. There are no transmission lines in the city. One transmission line ends at the intersection of Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North, adjacent to city limits. ▪ Water Reservoirs and System. The system that stores and supplies drinking water for residents. Palos Verdes Water District of the California Water Service supplies water to Rolling Hills. There are two California Water Service water reservoirs in the city limits. Services ▪ Public Safety Response. Public safety services are provided by law enforcement 304 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 22 and fire agencies. These agencies include the Los Angeles County Sheriff and Fire Departments. ▪ Water Services. These services involve treating and transporting water to be used by customers and transporting and treating wastewater so it can be safely released into the environment. California Water Service provides drinking water to the city. ▪ Energy Delivery. Energy services in Rolling Hills include electricity and natural gas delivered through utility lines from Southern California Edison and Southern California Gas Company. Vulnerability Assessment Results The Vulnerability Assessment indicates that the city’s populations, infrastructure, and services are most vulnerable to wildfire, extreme heat, and extreme precipitation events. Populations Vulnerable populations such as older adults, residents with chronic health conditions, and those with financial trouble are most at risk to extreme heat and wildfire impacts. 28 percent of the city’s population is over 65 years. Older adults do not adjust as well as young people to sudden changes in temperature and are more likely to have medical conditions that can worsen with extreme heat (CDC 2017a). Older adults who are living alone are even more at risk as the actions necessary to mitigation extreme heat are more difficult alone. Getting water, changing clothes, showering, or turning on the air conditioner may be more difficult for older adults with physical disabilities and do not have a partner to assist them. Extreme heat can be highly dangerous to persons with chronic health conditions, because very high temperatures can exacerbate diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, respiratory ailments, and other diseases. Some of these people have weakened immune systems which can make them more likely to contract illnesses and vulnerable to human health hazards. In addition, they may be taking medications that make the effects of extreme heat worse (CDC 2017b). While there are not many households in poverty in the city, those who are have limited financial resources to upgrade their homes to have air conditioning to better resist extreme heat. Older adults, residents with chronic health conditions, and those with financial trouble are the populations most at risk to wildfire impacts. Older adults are almost three times more likely to die in a fire than the overall population (USFA 2017), and typically have increased mobility or mental health issues. Therefore, older adults, especially those in the city living alone, have more difficulties evacuating to safe areas when there is a need. Those in Rolling Hills with limited financial resources are more unlikely to retrofit their homes to better resist climate- related hazards such as wildfires. In addition to direct impacts, indirect impacts such as poor air quality also creates public health hazards to the city. Recent California wildfires in August and September 2020 had areas of California recording the worst air quality in the world and highlighted the hazards of secondary impacts from wildfires, which could impact the city from fires throughout the State. Older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions are likely to be impacted most by these secondary impacts. Also, those with limited finances or without air conditioning would be impacted by secondary smoke impacts that occur during local and regional wildfires. Infrastructure Access roads, residential structures, and community facilities and government buildings are the most vulnerable 305 Climate Change Safety Element 23 infrastructure to wildfire and extreme precipitation impacts from climate change. All city infrastructure is located in a VHFHSZ. Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are critical for access to and evacuation from many areas of the city. Wildfires may not significantly damage the infrastructure, but they could result in closure or the inability to travel on them during wildfire events, which can isolate areas of the city and create severe health and safety risks. Wildfires are unlikely to substantially damage trails directly, but they can force widespread trail closures which are an important asset to the community. The greatest potential impact of life and well- being would be to residential structures, which are the primary structures in the city. In addition, impacts to Rolling Hills Community Association and City Hall structures would impact community functions and government services. Critical infrastructure most at risk in Rolling Hills to minor flooding impacts and landslides from increased storms would be access roads, bridle trails, electrical utility lines, and water systems. Because Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are critical for access to and evacuation from the city, any damage or closure can effectively isolate areas of the city, potentially creating severe health and safety risks. Bridle trails are predominantly located in canyon areas, which would be more susceptible to flooding and landslides. Landslides could impact utilities, as seen in the existing Flying Triangle Landslide area, which has moved utility lines above ground in certain areas due to the continuous movement of the earth in this area. Due to the limited accessibility of the city, there is a medium potential for impacts to access roads and bridle trails and a low potential impact for the remaining vulnerable infrastructure. Services Energy delivery, specifically electricity delivery, could be impacted from increased wildfires. Direct impacts to Southern California Edison electricity transmission infrastructure could impact power in the city. In addition, utility companies have begun shutting off power to areas to avoid wildfires during times when weather creates high wildfire risk. Public safety services could be strained during wildfire events, which are expected to increase. Overall, climate change impacts from wildfire are projected to have the greatest potential impact to the city. 306 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 24 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Hazard Mitigation Goal 1 Minimization of Loss of Life, Injury, and Property Damage Resulting from Geologic Hazards Policy 1.1 Ensure that existing structures throughout the City meet seismic safety standards and that new facilities are developed to updated standards. Implementation Measure 1.1.1: The City will work with Los Angeles County Building and Safety Department and other agencies to ensuring that all proposed structures in the city meet current seismic safety code requirements. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building and Safety Department Funding: General Fund and permit fees Policy 1.2 Support earthquake strengthening and provision of alternative or backup services, such as water, sewer, electricity, and natural gas pipelines and connections, especially in areas of high seismic or geologic high hazard or where weak segments are identified by existing or future studies. Implementation Measure 1.2.1: Require future development in active fault areas to provide geotechnical studies indicating the location of the fault trace relative to proposed improvements and identify appropriate mitigation. The City will evaluate the seismic risk to existing infrastructure in these areas and where appropriate, examine the feasibility of mitigating the risk over time. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building and Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Policy 1.3 Enforce seismic design provisions from the California Building Code into all development and ensure adequate review and inspection. Implementation Measure 1.3.1: The City will work with Los Angeles County Building and Safety Department and other agencies to ensuring that all proposed structures in the city meet current seismic safety code requirements. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building and Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Implementation Measure 1.3.2: Require fault investigations along traces of the Palos Verdes and Cabrillo faults to comply with guidelines implemented by the Alquist-Priolo Special Studies Zone Act. Buildings for human occupancy should be set back a minimum of 50 feet from those faults that are shown to be active or from fault traces where the risk cannot be determined. 307 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 25 Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building and Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Policy 1.4 Require review by a structural engineer when a critical building or facility undergoes substantial improvements. Implementation Measure 1.4.1: City staff will review existing ordinances to ensure that the appropriate review requirements are included in them. In addition, the Seismic Safety Ordinance will require a structural engineer to review development proposals in designated Special Studies Zones. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Policy 1.5 Ensure that water supplies are not interrupted by seismic events such as surface rupture, ground shaking or ground failure. Implementation Measure 1.5.1: The City may conduct a seismic vulnerability assessment of current water supply systems to address peak load water supply requirements. If the vulnerability assessment indicates a potential interruption of water supply due to damage from a seismic event, designate emergency sources of water. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 1.6 Discourage development adjacent to earthquake faults and other geological hazards. Implementation Measure 1.6.1: All development will comply with the Seismic Hazards Overlay Zone. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Policy 1.7 Continue to require preliminary investigations of tract sites by State-registered geotechnical engineers and certified engineering geologists (Chapter 70 County Building Code) and ensure regular inspection of grading operations. Implementation Measure 1.7.1: The City will continue to enforce the Building Code and Safety regulations. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund 308 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 26 Goal 2 Minimization of Loss of Life, Injury, and Property Damage Due to Flood Hazards Policy 2.1 Maintain storm drains to prevent local flooding and debris flows, and encourage residents to assist in maintaining those drains that are the responsibility of the homeowner. Implementation Measure 2.1.1: The City will cooperate with the Los Angeles County Public Works Department to maintain storm drains in the City. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 2.1.2: The City will encourage homeowner maintenance of storm drains by developing educational materials to be added to the City website and included in the City’s newsletter. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 2.2 Avoid construction in canyon bottoms and participate in the National Flood Insurance Program. Require new development or expansion of existing development adjacent to canyons to assess potential environmental impacts from increased run-off and erosion and evaluate appropriate mitigation. Mitigation measures should address projected impacts from climate change. Implementation Measure 2.2.1: The City will evaluate the flood hazard potential and address climate change impacts in future environmental review. The City will ensure that development in areas designated as a Flood Hazard Overlay Zone mitigates potential flood impacts. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Implementation Measure 2.2.2: The City will require the submission of soil engineering reports for land development permits when soil erosion problems are suspected. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund and private developers 309 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 27 Goal 3 Minimization of Loss of Life, Injury, and Property Damage Resulting from Fire Hazards Policy 3.1 Develop stringent initial site design and on-going maintenance standards incorporating adequate mitigation measures into individual developments to achieve an acceptable level of risk, considering the increased risk associated with increased wildland fire hazards due to climate change. Implementation Measure 3.1.1: The City will work with the Los Angeles County Fire Department, Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department, and Rolling Hills Community Association to review current standards for wildfire prevention and improve standards and/or regulations where required. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.1.2: The City will implement recommended fire mitigation strategies from the Community Wildfire Protection Plan including infrastructure hardening and vegetation management for and around existing and new development. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department/Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 3.2 Reduce potential fire ignition sources. Implementation Measure 3.2.1: The City will continue to implement the utility undergrounding projects described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.2.2: Designate and publicize emergency access routes with the city and sub region. Prioritize undergrounding of utilities to enhance reliability of emergency access routes and minimize conflagration hazards from fallen power lines. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 3.3 Develop and implement a comprehensive retrofit strategy for existing structures. Implementation Measure 3.3.1: The City will develop and implement a comprehensive retrofit strategy for existing structures and lifeline utilities in very high fire risk areas to increase public safety and reduce the risk of property loss and damage during wildfires. 310 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 28 Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.3.2: Enforce existing ordinances and regulations that apply to roofing materials. The City will enforce a Class A Roofing Ordinance for all structure, as described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. The City will require old roofs to be removed prior to reroofing to increase the fire-resistance of the structure. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department/Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 3.4 Ensure that all new residential development has at least two emergency evacuations. Implementation Measure 3.4.1: The City will review and update emergency response and evacuation plans and procedures annually to reflect current conditions and community needs. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.4.2: Create secondary access in communities with single access. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.4.3: Identify special populations and large animals, especially horses, that may need assistance to evacuate. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 3.5 Whenever feasible, locate the following outside flood and fire hazard zones: health care facilities, emergency shelters, fire stations, emergency command centers, and emergency communications facilities. Implementation Measure 3.5.1: The City will require review of new essential facilities and, as necessary, development of measures to avoid flood and fire hazard impacts. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers 311 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 29 Policy 3.6 Educate residents on fire hazard reduction strategies to employ on their properties, focusing on the most vulnerable populations such as older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions. Implementation Measure 3.6.1: The City will promote vegetation management strategies outlined in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan (i.e., fuel management in canyons and fire fuel management standards for individual properties) in the City's quarterly newsletter, through the website, brochures, videos, and block captain meetings. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 3.7 Work with the County to ensure that all fire equipment remains operable and adequate to respond to a major disaster. Implementation Measure 3.7.1: City staff will monitor the City's fire protection rating and cooperate with the Fire Department in the correction of deficiencies. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 3.8 Require new development to meet or exceed hardening requirements in the most current version of the California Building Codes and California Fire Code. Policy 3.9 Evaluate evacuation route capacity, safety, and viability under a range of emergency scenarios as part of the next update to the Rolling Hills Hazard Mitigation Plan, in accordance with AB 747. Policy 3.10 Update the City's development standards to be in conformance with title 14, CCR, division 1.5, chapter 7, subchapter 2, articles 1-5 (commencing with section 1270) (SRA Fire Safe Regulations) and title 14, CCR, division 1.5, chapter 7, subchapter 3, article 3 (commencing with section 1299.01) (Fire Hazard Reduction Around Buildings and Structures Regulations). Policy 3.11 Minimize risks to existing development by identifying existing non-conforming development to contemporary fire safe standards, in terms of road standards and vegetative hazard, and requiring all development to meet or exceed CCR, division 1.5, chapter 7, subchapter 2, articles 1-5 requirements (SRA Fire Safe Regulations). Policy 3.12 Require fire protection plans for all new development. Policy 3.13 Require all properties in the city to enforce precautionary measures to create defensible space including, but not limited to, maintaining a fire break by removing brush and flammable vegetation located within 30 feet of the property, maintaining any tree adjacent to or overhanging any building free of dead or dying wood, and maintaining roofs free of leaves, needles, or other dead vegetation growth, as described in the Rolling Hills Hazard Mitigation Plan. 312 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 30 Policy 3.14 Evaluate the City’s capacity to adequately suppress wildfire, taking into account water supply availability, as part of the next Rolling Hills Hazard Mitigation Plan update. Policy 3.15 Coordinate with Palos Verdes Water District to support the provision of adequate water availability throughout the City and provision of adequate water storage to meet future peak fire demand during times of peak domestic demands. Policy 3.16 Maintain emergency roadways and improve them as necessary and appropriate to ensure ongoing serviceability. Policy 3.17 Establish and maintain community fire breaks and fuel modification/reduction zones, including public and private road clearance. Policy 3.18 Require that all homes have visible street addressing and signage. Goal 4 Minimization of Impacts to Life and Property Associated with the Use, Storage, or Transport of Hazardous Materials Policy 4.1 Restrict the travel of vehicles carrying hazardous material through the city. Implementation Measure 4.1.1: The City will ensure the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department enforce licensing and current laws regarding the transport of hazardous materials through the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 4.2 Work to promote the safe use and disposal of household hazardous wastes. Implementation Measure 4.2.1: The City will work with agencies responsible for the disposal of household hazardous wastes. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund 313 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 31 Community Communication Goal 5 Protection of the Community from Disasters and Emergencies Policy 5.1 Designate and develop specific critical facilities as emergency centers to serve the entire City and work with other cities to maintain existing trauma care facilities that serve the region. Implementation Measure 5.1.1: The City will meet with other communities in the region to discuss the loss of trauma care centers in the region. The City will examine the feasibility of establishing the development of a critical/trauma care unit at one of the local clinics or hospitals in the region. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.2 Cooperate with the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department to ensure that law enforcement services are ready and available to serve the city in the event of a major disaster. Implementation Measure 5.2.1: City staff will monitor the City's contract and budget with the Sheriff’s Department to ensure that adequate service levels are maintained. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.3 Develop and coordinate medical assistance procedures in the event of a major disaster. Implementation Measure 5.3.1: City staff will develop and update the Emergency Operations Plan, which will be distributed to the community. The update of the Emergency Operations Plan will include an assessment of current emergency service and projected emergency service needs, and goals or standards for emergency services training for City staff and volunteers. Timing: Ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.4 Inventory and, where necessary, acquire supplemental disaster communication equipment and other equipment, tools, and supplies used by Block Captains during an emergency. Implementation Measure 5.4.1: City staff will complete an inventory of infrastructure needed to support emergency communications and equipment needed for use by Block Captains and the City to communicate during emergencies, as described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager 314 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 32 Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.4.2: A survey will be done by the City periodically to establish an inventory of equipment which could be used in the event of a major disaster. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.5 Ensure that adequate provisions are made to supply drinking water for extended periods of time in the event of a major disaster. Implementation Measure 5.5.1: City staff will inventory sources of potable water that could be used in the event of an emergency and the means to distribute that water to residents and others in the Planning Area. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 5.6 Develop procedures to follow in the event of wildfire, flooding, erosion, and possible reservoir failure and investigate ways of reducing the likelihood of their occurrence. Implementation Measure 5.6.1: The City will update the Hazard Mitigation Plan every five years to reduce the risk from hazards by identifying resources, information, and strategies for risk reduction, while helping to guide and coordinate mitigation activities throughout the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.6.2: City staff will develop and maintain an Emergency Operations Plan, which will set forth an operating strategy for managing potential emergencies (as described in the Hazard Mitigation Plan) Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.7 Ensure that City Hall maintains a current emergency supply of water, food, blankets, and first aid to provide for all employees for a 3-day period. Implementation Measure 5.7.1: A City staff person will be assigned the task of compiling a list of supplies and maintaining an adequate stockpile. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.8 Encourage private businesses to develop disaster preparedness plans for their employees. 315 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 33 Implementation Measure 5.8.1: The City will prepare and distribute a brochure outlining recommendations for stockpiling supplies for employees. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.9 Encourage residents to attend periodic training programs on wildfire mitigation and disaster planning, and to develop disaster preparedness and evacuation plans. Implementation Measure 5.9.1: The City will work with the RHCA and Block Captains to launch a communication and education program that will include a workshop on How to Develop an Evacuation Plan for your Family, as described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.9.2: The City will work with the RHCA and Block Captains to promote training programs on wildfire mitigation and disaster planning through the newsletter and the City website. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.10 Support the development and further implementation of a peninsula-wide disaster plan. Implementation Measure 5.10.1: The City will coordinate its disaster planning efforts with neighboring jurisdictions in the region as part of Hazard Mitigation Plan updates Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.11 Increase public awareness of City emergency response plans, evacuation routes and shelters, and in ways to reduce risks at the home and office, focusing on the most vulnerable populations such as older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions. Implementation Measure 5.11.1: The City will prepare communication materials outlining procedures to follow in the event of a major disaster. These materials will be distributed to every household and business in the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.11.2: The City will maintain the City-wide Neighborhood Watch program. 316 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 34 Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.11.3: The City will define refuge areas in the event of a wildfire event to include in the Emergency Operations Plan. This effort will be led by the Fire Department and the Sherriff’s Department. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.11.4: The City will distribute educational materials for large animal evacuation, consistent with Community Wildfire Protection Plan recommendations. This will include adding the information to the City website and including it in the City’s newsletter during the fire season. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.11.5: The City will work with Block Captains to provide emergency education and information through the City’s newsletter and website and by providing workshops and seminars described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.12 Maintain a Hazard Mitigation Plan. Implementation Measure 5.12.1: The City will coordinate with the American Red Cross and Los Angeles County Fire, Sheriff, and Public Social Services to develop specific plans for responding to emergencies as part of Hazard Mitigation Plan updates. The City will submit copies of its Hazard Mitigation Plan to the Los Angeles County Fire and Sheriff’s Departments for review. The City will review similar plans prepared by neighboring cities. Timing: Every five years Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund 317 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 35 Policy 5.13 Ensure maximum accessibility throughout the city in the event of a disaster. Implementation Measure 5.13.1: The City will ensure that multipurpose trails are maintained in order to be serviceable by emergency vehicles in the event of a disaster. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.14 Ensure the reliability of essential facilities such as communications towers, electrical substations, water services, and first-response buildings in the event of an emergency through promoting grid resilience and energy independence. Work to implement on-site power generation through solar photovoltaic systems and battery storage. Implementation Measure 5.14.1: The City will work with telecommunication providers to identify opportunities to improve reliability of cell service throughout the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.14.2: The City will work with electricity and natural gas providers to identify opportunities to promote grid resilience. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.14.3: The City will seek funding to enhance telecommunication service. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.14.4: The City will provide educational materials to residents (i.e., newsletter, webpage, brochure) to promote solar panels and battery storage installation on existing development. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.15 Minimize the risk of spread of infectious diseases and associated economic disruption. Implementation Measure 5.15.1: The City will coordinate with the County of Los Angeles Public Health Department to provide testing and contact tracing resources to the Rolling Hills community. Timing: Immediate and ongoing 318 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 36 Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.15.2: The City will maintain up-to-date public health services on the City’s website. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.15.3: The City will explore the need for additional marketing campaigns to promote public safety protocol among City departments. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measures 5.15.4: The City will partner with local non- governmental organizations (NGOs) to provide additional support and services in the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measures 5.15.5: The City will partner with community groups and neighborhood organizations to advertise what resources are available to residents. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund 319 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 37 Policy 5.16 Increase access to essential resources and facilitate effective communication in the community to accelerate recovery following such a disaster. Implementation Measure 5.16.1: The City will connect the newly unemployed with talent-seeking industries, such as through a job portal. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.16.2: The City will supplement federal relief efforts, such as creating a resilience fund for residents to assist those in need. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.17 Provide City officials with a basis for disaster preparedness decision making and establish a public education program for disaster preparedness. Implementation Measure 5.17.1: The Emergency Services Coordinator will conduct annual meetings with City personnel to ensure they are familiar with procedures outlined in the Hazard Mitigation Plan and Emergency Operations Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.18 Establish a line of command to ensure that the decision-making process will function satisfactorily in the event of a major disaster. Implementation Measure 5.18.1: The City will implement the Hazard Mitigation Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.19 Coordinate with citizen groups, such as Block Captains, and organizations to establish a viable body to provide emergency assistance in the event of a natural disaster. Implementation Measure 5.19.1: The City Emergency Services Coordinator will work with local equestrian groups and other organizations to establish a Rolling Hills Search and Rescue Team. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund 320 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 38 Policy 5.20 Encourage cooperation among adjacent communities to provide back-up law enforcement assistance in emergency situations. Implementation Measure 5.20.1: The City will submit copies of its Hazard Mitigation Plan updates to the Los Angeles County Fire and Sheriff’s Departments for review. The City will review similar plans prepared by neighboring cities. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.21 Incorporate health threats into early warning systems. Implementation Measures 5.21.1: Partner with the Los Angeles County Vector Control District and the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health to develop and enhance disaster and emergency early warning systems to incorporate objective data and information for potential health threats such as heat-illness, illnesses complicated by low air quality, precipitation events, and vector borne diseases due to climate change hazards. Goal 6 Maintenance of Public Safety for All Residents Policy 6.1 Work with, and support the Sheriff’s Department in crime prevention and law enforcement efforts, to make sure there are adequate resources to meet the needs of the community. Implementation Measure 6.1.1: The City will conduct an annual review of its contract with the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department to ensure current service standards are maintained. Alternatives will be considered if service levels are considered inadequate. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 6.2 Cooperate with neighboring cities, Los Angeles County, California State and U.S. Federal agencies in crime prevention and law enforcement. Implementation Measure 6.2.1: The City will continue to regularly coordinate with all law enforcement agencies in combating crime. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 6.3 Evaluate the incidence of crime and develop measures needed to deter crime or apprehend the criminals. Implementation Measure 6.3.1: The City will monitor crime statistics for the peninsula and the city. The City will meet with Los Angeles County on a regular basis to discuss programs, ordinances, and other measures that will be effective in combating crime. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund 321 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 39 Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience Goal 7 Protection of the Community from the Effects of Climate Change Policy 7.1 The City will continue to enforce updated State-mandated water conservation regulations. Implementation Measure 7.1.1: The City will continue to update the City’s zoning ordinance as necessary to enforce and implement State-mandated water conservation regulations. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.2 Prepare for and adapt to the effects of climate change by considering climate change vulnerability in planning decisions, including those involving new public facilities and private development. Implementation Measure 7.2.1: The City will: a. Re-evaluate the City’s Climate Change Vulnerability analysis over time, as new data becomes available b. Update mitigation strategies and the City’s vulnerability and adaptive capacity, as appropriate c. Identify opportunities for new goals and policies related to climate change using the best available data. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.3 Amend the local building code to account for climate change stressors. Implementation Measure 7.3.1: The City will amend the local building code to take into account additional stressors on buildings including, increased storm events and intensity, flood proofing for intermittent inundation, slope/soils, subsidence risk and erosion potential in securing foundations, building materials to reduce the impacts of high heat days, and fireproofing in preparation for increasing fire risk. Timing: Immediate Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.4 The City will engage surrounding jurisdictions in climate adaptation planning. Implementation Measure 7.4.1: Ensure the community’s engagement strategy for climate adaptation planning includes surrounding jurisdictions to identify synergies and harmonization of policies. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund 322 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 40 Policy 7.5 Partner with the South Bay Cities Council of Government to implement climate adaptation strategies at the sub-regional level. Implementation Measure 7.5.1: Collaborate with the South Bay Cities Council of Governments Senior Services Working Group to ensure that service providers in and around Rolling Hills are educated on the climate risks of the area and steps they can take to better serve and protect vulnerable groups in Rolling Hills. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 7.5.2: Implement climate adaptation strategies that can address issues at a local and sub-regional level and issues in which coordination and pooling of resources (i.e., emergency centers, transit agency support in an emergency, and large animal evacuation centers) is a benefit to all participating communities. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.6 Update emergency/disaster response measures to account for increased heat days. Implementation Measure 7.6.1: As part of the Hazard Mitigation Plan and Emergency Operations Plan, update response measures to account for an increased number of heat days and their impacts on current and future response mechanisms such as warning systems, emergency response and medical service coordination, and shelters. Timing: Every five years Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.7 Provide education on heat related illness. Implementation Measure 7.7.1: Incorporate links and references on the City website and incorporate interpretive signage at multi-use path trailheads providing education on heat related illness and personal care steps. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.8 Require air conditioning alternatives. Implementation Measure 7.8.1: Require alternatives to air conditioning such as ceiling fans, air exchangers, increased insulation and low-solar-gain exterior materials to reduce peak electrical demands during high heat events to ensure reliability of the electrical grid. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund 323 References Safety Element 41 References California Department of Toxic Substances and Control (DTSC). 2020. EnviroStor. https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/?myaddress=rolling+hills%2C+ca. Accessed August 2020. Center for Disease Control (CDC). 2017a. Heat and Older Adults. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/older-adults-heat.html. Accessed September 2020. ____. 2017b. Heat and People with Chronic Medical Conditions. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/medical.html. Accessed September 2020. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2008. Flood Insurance Rate Map 06037C1940F. Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department (LACSD). 2021. Altadena Station Part I Crimes. https://lasd.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Transparency_Crime_Arrest_Patrol- CurrentMonth-YTD_2019v2020.pdf. Accessed December 2021. ____. 2019. Hazard Mitigation Plan. January 16, 2019. ____. 2020. Community Wildfire Protection Plan. July 2020. Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC). 2013. Hazards and Threats Earthquakes List of Major Active Surface Faults in Southern California. March. U.S. Census Bureau. 2018. Rolling Hills, City 2018 ACS 5-Year Estimates. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Rolling%20Hills%20city,%20California&g=1600000U S0662602&tid=ACSDP5Y2018.DP05&hidePreview=false. Western Region Climate Center (WRCC). 2016. Period of Record Monthly Climate Summary. https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca8973. Accessed August 2020. 324 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 42 This page intentionally left blank. 325 Appendix A Existing Conditions Report 326 Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element Existing Conditions Report prepared by City of Rolling Hills Planning and Community Services 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, California 90274 prepared with the assistance of Rincon Consultants, Inc. 706 South Hill Street, Suite 1200 Los Angeles, California 90014 October 2020 327 Table of Contents Existing Conditions Report i Table of Contents Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 1 Key Findings .................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 2 Hazards of Concern................................................................................................................................. 6 Geologic Hazards ............................................................................................................................ 6 Flooding .......................................................................................................................................... 9 Wildland and Urban Fires .............................................................................................................12 Hazardous Materials .....................................................................................................................16 Emergency Response and Evacuation ..........................................................................................16 Climate Change Vulnerability ...............................................................................................................19 Exposure .......................................................................................................................................20 Community Sensitivity ..................................................................................................................24 Potential Impacts ..........................................................................................................................26 Adaptive Capacity .........................................................................................................................31 Vulnerability Scoring .....................................................................................................................32 Summary of Issues and Opportunities .................................................................................................36 Hazards of Concern and Community Sensitivity ..........................................................................36 Opportunities ...............................................................................................................................36 References ............................................................................................................................................38 Tables Table 1 Rolling Hills Climate Summary ............................................................................................ 2 Table 2 Rolling Hills Demographic Characteristics ........................................................................... 3 Table 3 Faults Located within 50 Miles of Rolling Hills .................................................................... 8 Table 4 Changes in Annual Average Precipitation .........................................................................23 Table 5 Rolling Hills Existing Adaptive Capacity.............................................................................31 Table 6 Vulnerability Score Matrix ................................................................................................33 Table 7 Vulnerability Assessment Results .....................................................................................34 Figures Figure 1 Critical Facilities Map .......................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2 Landslide Hazard Zones ...................................................................................................... 7 Figure 3 Faults in the Vicinity of Rolling Hills ..................................................................................10 Figure 4 Rolling Hills Liquefaction Hazard Areas .............................................................................11 Figure 5 Dam Inundation Areas ......................................................................................................14 Figure 6 Fire Hazard Zones ..............................................................................................................15 328 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element ii Figure 7 Existing Evacuation Routes ...............................................................................................18 Figure 8 Historical and Projected Annual Average Maximum Temperature in Rolling Hills ..........21 Figure 9 Number of Extreme Heat Days by Year in Rolling Hills .....................................................22 Figure 10 Changes in Intensity of Extreme Precipitation Events in Rolling Hills...............................24 329 Summary Existing Conditions Report 1 Summary Key Findings  The city is most at risks to impacts from wildfire, extreme heat, and landslide events, which are all anticipated to increase as a result of climate change impacts. Vulnerable populations such as older adults and residents with chronic health conditions are most at risk to extreme heat and wildfire impacts. Access roads and residential structures are also the most vulnerable to wildfire and landslide impacts from climate change.  The city has a moderate risk for shaking potential from earthquakes.  Flood risks in the city are minimal and limited to natural drainage areas in the canyons.  Vegetation clearing along roadways is a concern and major goal for improving fire response and evacuation in the city.  Evacuation strategies and education are important to reduce risk from hazards due to the lack of evacuation routes in the city and the remote development on private roads. The need to further analyze evacuation routes and access is one of the most recent changes in Safety Element requirements. A key opportunity for the Safety Element update is to address specific evacuation needs.  The City has recently adopted a number of planning documents such as the Hazard Mitigation Plan and Community Wildfire Protection Plan, which seek to reduce the risk of hazards in the city. An opportunity for the Safety Element update would be to utilize existing recommendations from the Community Wildfire Protection Plan as implementation tools for the Safety Element. 330 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 2 Introduction Section 65302(g) of the California Government Code requires that the General Plan include a Safety Element for the protection of the community from any unreasonable risks associated with the effects of seismically induced surface rupture, ground shaking, ground failure, tsunami, seiche, and dam failure; slope instability leading to mudslides and landslides; subsidence and other geologic hazards; flooding, wildland and urban fire, and climate change adaptation and resilience. In addition, Safety Elements are required to address non-hazard specific issues such as peak load water supply, evacuation routes, and military installations. This Existing Conditions Report is a comprehensive assessment of natural and man-made hazards for the City of Rolling Hills. The report serves as the foundation for the Safety Element and includes detailed Geographic Information System (GIS) hazard mapping and analyses. The following City plans were also utilized for this report along with existing local data from governmental agencies and scientific research: Hazard Mitigation Plan, Community Wildfire Protection Plan, and the existing Safety Element. Setting Rolling Hills covers an area of approximately three square-miles on the Palos Verdes peninsula, approximately 18 miles south of downtown Los Angeles. The topography of the city and peninsula area is unique in that it rises above the Los Angeles Basin with rolling hills, steep slopes, and canyons. The city itself is located in the San Pedro Hills. Due to its location near the coast, the area is cooler and has fewer air quality concerns compared to the nearby Los Angeles Basin. Table 1 summarizes the climatology of the area. Table 1 Rolling Hills Climate Summary Climate Character Estimate Annual Average Observed Maximum Temperature from 1961 - 1990 (Fahrenheit) 71 Annual Average Observed Minimum Temperature from 1961 – 1990 (Fahrenheit) 50 Annual Average Observed Precipitation from 1961 – 1990 (inches) 19 Source: Cal-Adapt 2021 Rolling Hills is a residential community that consists of large parcels and ranch-style homes and has a sizable older adult 1 population of about 513 (28% of the city’s total population). The city is also an equestrian community, as many of residents are horse owners or have horses on their property. Important community demographic data for Rolling Hills is included in Table 2. 1 An older adult is any adult over the age of 65 years old. 331 Introduction Existing Conditions Report 3 Table 2 Rolling Hills Demographic Characteristics Demographic Characteristics Estimate General Total Population 1,8601 Population under 10 years 7 percent Population over 65 years 28 percent1 Race 77 percent White, 18 percent Asian, 5 percent Hispanic/Latino Disability (hearing, vision, cognitive, ambulatory) 12 percent Housing Total Households 6451 Average Household Size 2.76 Owner-occupied Households 96 percent Population over 65 years living alone 15 percent of those over 65 years Employment Unemployment Rate 6 percent Poverty Rate 2 percent Median Income $ 239,000 Insurance Coverage 97 percent Source: U.S. Census 2018 1Information obtained from the Community Wildfire Protection Plan, which is includes more recent data than the U.S Census Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Critical facilities are places that provide emergency services or serve people who would be impacted by an emergency. Examples include hospitals, fire stations, police stations, emergency services facilities, utility facilities, and communication facilities. Critical facilities can also include the transportation system and schools. Due to the size and composition of Rolling Hills, most of the critical facilities that serve the city are located outside of City limits. Critical facilities that serve the city are shown in Figure 1 and include: Rolling Hills City Hall: 2 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA Rolling Hills Community Association: 1 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA Rancho Del Mar High School: 38 Crest Road West, Rolling Hills, CA Storm Hill Park: Agua Magna Canyon, Rolling Hills Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Lomita Station: 26123 Narbonne Avenue, Lomita, CA Los Angeles County Fire Station No. 56: 12 Crest Road West, Rolling Hills, CA Los Angeles County Communications Tower: 5741 Crestridge Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: Crestridge Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: Tarragon Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 332 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 4 Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: 27873 Hawthorn Boulevard, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: Palos Verdes Drive North/Palos Verdes Drive East (SW corner), Rolling Hills Estates, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 3960 East Crest Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: Via Canada, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 1 Spur Lane, Rolling Hills, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 60 Eastfield Drive, Rolling Hills, CA Portuguese Bend Road Crest Road 333 Introduction Existing Conditions Report 5 Figure 1 Critical Facilities Map 334 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 6 Hazards of Concern Geologic Hazards Geologic processes that pose a threat to life, health, property, or infrastructure are considered geologic hazards. Natural geologic hazards that have the potential to affect Rolling Hills include seismic hazards, landslides, liquefaction, expansive soils, and weathering. In most cases, these natural processes cannot be prevented; however, the magnitude of destruction resulting from natural geologic hazards can be reduced through planning policies and measures. Landslide Hazards Landslide activity refers to a wide range of gravity driven downslope earth movement, including rockslides, rotational slips, mudslides, and shallow debris flows. Geological and geomorphological conditions such as soil type, soil strength, slope angle, and slope height predispose slopes to failure. Other factors affecting the susceptibility to slope failure include the amount of precipitation, vegetation on the slope, groundwater seepage, and human modifications to the slope. Landslides often result in damage to property and roadways and can cause them to become unsafe due to displacement of the subsurface. A majority of the existing development in Rolling Hills is located on hilly terrain and have a greater potential to experience landslide hazards. Many of the canyons in Rolling Hills exhibit steep slopes with little vegetation coverage, leaving them susceptible to slope failure. Figure 2 shows the landslide zones within the City of Rolling Hills, as mapped by the California Geological Survey. Landslide activity has been well documented in the region. Relicts of landslides and rockslides are present throughout the City of Rolling Hills. The following major landslides have occurred within and adjacent to the city. All are within the landslide hazards areas identified in Figure 2:  Portuguese Bend Landslide: Beginning in 2 1956 over approximately 270 acres in Rancho Palos Verdes  Abalone Cove Landslide: Beginning in 1974 over 80 acres in Rancho Palos Verdes  Klondike Canyon Landslide: Beginning in 1979 over to the south near the coastline  Flying Triangle Landslide: Beginning in 1970s or 1980s over approximately 70 acres in the south area of the city The Flying Triangle Landslide continues to impact the southeast portion of the city through impacts to private roads and requiring above-ground utility lines. This area is relatively unsuitable for development due to the ongoing changes in topography. Seismic Hazards Rolling Hills is located in a seismically active region of southern California. The last major earthquake in the Los Angeles area was the 5.1 magnitude La Habra earthquake in 2014. Rolling Hills is located within 50 miles of the Whittier fault, Newport-Inglewood fault, Palos Verdes fault, Malibu Coast 2 “Beginning in” is defined as the first noted event of major rock movement 335 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 7 Figure 2 Landslide Hazard Zones 336 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 8 fault, Cabrillo fault, Santa Monica fault, and Redondo Canyon fault. Analysis of seismic data from the region indicates that the Whittier and Newport-Inglewood faults may generate a maximum credible earthquake of magnitude 7.2 and 7.4, respectively (Southern California Earthquake Center 2013). Figure 3 shows the faults in the vicinity of Rolling Hills. Typically, seismic shaking and fault rupture are primary hazards as they occur as a direct result of the interaction between the seismic wave energy and the earth’s surface. Secondary hazards, such as liquefaction and earthquake-induced landslides, occur as a result of the primary earthquake hazards. Often, earthquake activity can result in other effects such as building damage/collapse, infrastructure failure, pipeline breakage, and damage to transportation and communication facilities. The size of the earthquake and distance from the fault rupture zone typically determine the severity of these events. Seismic Shaking Seismic shaking, or ground shaking, refers to the movement of the earth’s surface resulting from the energy release by an earthquake. Seismic shaking is typically the primary cause of property damage resulting from earthquake activity. Seismic shaking has the ability to destroy buildings, roadways, powerlines, and pipelines. Energy transmitted through the ground has the potential to travel hundreds of miles and may cause damage in many locations simultaneously. Closer proximity to the fault rupture area results in stronger shaking in that location. The amount of ground shaking that occurs in a location is dependent on the magnitude of the earthquake, the distance from the epicenter, and local soil conditions. The intensity of ground shaking is related to the peak ground velocity during an earthquake. According to the CGS Map Sheet 48, the earthquake shaking potential for Rolling Hills is moderate. The intensity of seismic shaking is measured using the Modified Mercalli scale. According to the California Geologic Survey, an active fault is one that has experienced surface movement in the past 11,000 years. The city is located near a number of active faults, including the Cabrillo Fault within city limits. Table 3 includes a list of nearby faults, their respective distance from the city, the maximum credible earthquake generated from each fault, and the likelihood of earthquake occurrence in each case. Table 3 Faults Located within 50 Miles of Rolling Hills Fault Name Approximate Distance from Rolling Hills Whittier 25 miles east Newport-Inglewood 9 miles east Palos Verdes <1 mile north Malibu Coast 20 miles northwest Cabrillo Located within the City boundaries in the southwest Santa Monica 20 miles north-northwest The San Andreas fault is located approximately 80 miles to the east of Rolling Hills. Although the San Andreas fault is located at a greater distance from the city, seismic shaking originating from earthquakes occurring along the San Andreas fault poses a threat to the city. Figure 3 identifies the active and inactive faults located within the city and vicinity. 337 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 9 Fault Rupture Fault Rupture occurs when seismic movement on a fault breaks through the earth’s surface. Hazards related to fault rupture arise when structures are built near or on top of an active fault. While there are a number of seismically active faults in the city and region, there are no active faults with the potential for ground rupture, defined by the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act and delineated by CGS. Figure 3 shows the designated Alquist-Priolo study zones, the closest of which is the Newport-Inglewood Fault approximately nine miles northeast of the city. Liquefaction and Settlement Liquefaction is a ground failure phenomenon that occurs as a result of a seismic event. Liquefaction increases water content in surface soils until the soil reaches a semi-liquid state, contributing to a reduction in support, and ultimately resulting in shifting or subsidence of buildings and utilities. Ground failure typically occurs when the following conditions exist:  Loose, unconsolidated granular soils  Shallow groundwater  Strong seismic ground shaking While the Rolling Hills has moderate to high seismic shaking potential, the subsurface soils generally lack saturated alluvial deposits and thick, granular soils. Figure 4 shows the liquefaction hazard areas, which are located in the low-lying areas to the east and north, generally surrounding the Los Angeles Harbor and Harbor Lake. Liquefaction potential for Rolling Hills is low, as shown in Figure 4. Earthquake Induced Landslides Ground failure or destabilization of slopes resulting from an earthquake can also occur following seismic activity in the form of Earthquake-Induced Landslides. Earthquake-induced landslides typically occur in areas with steep slopes or unstable soil conditions. As discussed above under Landslide Hazards, the risk of landslide activity in Rolling Hills is high. Much of the city overlies areas that have been identified as landslide zones by the California Geological Survey. Risk of landslide activity increases following rainfall events that result in saturated soils. Both shallow and deep seeded landslides have historically occurred in the city. Flooding Rolling Hills participates in the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) National Flood Insurance Program. According to the FEMA flood maps, the city is not located in a flood hazard area and currently has a less than 0.2 percent annual chance to be inundated by flood waters as a result of a storm event (FEMA 2008). Overall, the city is not in any immediate risk from flooding caused by overflowing water bodies or heavy rains. However, runoff and minor flooding pose a risk if drainage systems fail along canyon bottoms, where natural drainage leads to. 338 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 10 Figure 3 Faults in the Vicinity of Rolling Hills 339 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 11 Figure 4 Rolling Hills Liquefaction Hazard Areas 340 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 12 Dam Inundation No water storage facilities that the State of California identifies as dams are located in Rolling Hills. Just outside city limits are three water storage facilities identified as dams, which include:  Palos Verdes Reservoir: Owned by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California and located at the southeast corner of Palos Verdes Drive East and Palos Verdes Drive North. According to the California Department of Water Resources, the reservoir can hold approximately 1,100 gallons of water and has an extremely high downstream hazard.  10 MG Walteria and 18 MG Walteria: Two reinforced concrete tanks which are owned by the City of Torrance and located at Crenshaw Boulevard and Crest Road. The tanks can hold 31 and 58 acre-feet (AF) of water respectively. Senate Bill 92, adopted in 2017, is a new dam safety requirement that requires dam owners to map the downstream inundation areas for dams governed by the Department of Water Resources. Figure 5 shows the inundation areas for the nearby water storage facilities. Due to their locations and the topography of the area, the inundation areas do not enter or affect any portion of the city. Wildland and Urban Fires The entire City of Rolling Hills is designated a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire), as shown in Figure 6. Rolling Hills terrain is comprised of several large and steep canyons that limit and challenge vegetation management and present conditions where a fire can quickly travels up and downslope to nearby homes. Due to the rural nature and large residential lots, many homes are surrounded by substantial vegetation and dense brush than in more suburban settings. The bridle trails for hikers and equestrian access also contain dense vegetation and management difficulties, which contributes to the fire risk of the city. Electrical power lines pose a hazard to starting fires in the city if lines are not automatically de-energized when knocked down by extreme weather or if the surrounding vegetation is not adequately managed. There is a history of fires in the city and the surrounding Palos Verdes Peninsula. Three major fires have been documented on the Peninsula and in the city in:  1973: almost 1,000 acres burned, and 13 homes destroyed  2005: 212 acres burned near Del Cero Park  2009: 230 acres burned and forced 1,200 residents on the Peninsula to evacuate For many of the developed residences in the city that are vulnerable to fires, their risk may increase with the presence of construction techniques that may not meet current wildfire standards. Rolling Hills Building Code and Los Angeles County Fire Department, under the VHFHSZ standards, require new development to include more stringent design and material standards for roofing, eaves, and rafter tails as well as exterior finishes and fire buffer zones. While compliance with these standards reduces the vulnerability to new structures, existing structures that have not complied with these standards may be susceptible to undue fire risk. Existing Fire Risk Reduction Strategies  Rolling Hills Municipal Code (RHMC) Chapter 8.30: Fire Fuel Abatement  VHRHSZ building requirements 341 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 13  Los Angeles County Fire Department property line and structure vegetation buffer requirements  Rolling Hills Community Wildfire Protection Plan vegetation management standard recommendations  Rolling Hills Community Association 342 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 14 Figure 5 Dam Inundation Areas 343 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 15 Figure 6 Fire Hazard Zones 344 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 16 Hazardous Materials According to the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC), there are no hazardous waste sites or facilities in Rolling Hills (DTSC 2020). The city and surrounding area do not contain heavy industrial uses that would create a hazardous material risk in the event of a spill, release, or natural disaster. The city is not located near any major transit routes involving transport of a substantial quantity of hazardous material through the city. However, the nearby oil refineries (located along Sepulveda Boulevard approximately six miles northeast) and Port operations (located approximately three miles to the east) could create air quality impacts if wind patterns and release events occur. Air quality impacts are discussed in the Open Space and Conservation Element of the Rolling Hills General Plan. Emergency Response and Evacuation Police Response and Crime The Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department is contracted with the city to provide police services and protection to the city. The Lomita Station of the Sheriff’s Department located at 26123 Narbonne Avenue, approximately 1.5 miles northeast of the Portuguese Bend Road entrance, serves the city. According to the Lomita Station crimes report from January 1, 2020, through June 30, 2020, Rolling Hills had three reported crimes (LACSD 2020). The crimes were related to theft, assault, and burglary. Outside the city limits and in the Lomita District, 433 crimes were reported during this same period, 71 of which were violent crimes (LACSD 2020). The difference in crimes in the city and the surrounding area is attributed to the private nature of the City. There are three entrances to the city, all of which are gated and staffed 24 hours a day. Visitors are required to be on a resident’s guest list in order to enter city limits. This reduces crime within the city and demand on Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department. Fire Response The Los Angeles County Fire Department provides emergency operations support to the City. Fire Station 56, located at 12 Crest Road West, serves the city under Battalion 14, which also serves the remaining Palos Verdes Peninsula, Lomita, and Catalina Island. Fire response constraints in the city include ability to access certain homes or areas due to inadequate road widths for fire maneuvering. One of the major topics of concern related to fire response in the city relates to vegetation clearing along roadways. Ten-foot clearance on each side of the roadway, especially the limited access roads, is important for fire response and evacuation during a fire, according to Scott Hale, Assistant Fire Chief. Evacuation Strategies and Routes Because a variety of hazards could affect city residents, it is vital to identify critical routes for evacuation in the event of a major event. Figure 7 identifies the existing evacuation routes in the city, which are limited to:  Main Gate at Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North 345 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 17  Crest Gate at Crest Road near Crenshaw Blvd  Eastfield Gate at Eastfield Drive and Palos Verdes Drive East  Crest Road East Gate at the end of Crest Road East Crest Road East Gate at the end of Crest Road East gate has recently been updated with a motor and has no guards. This gate is available as an emergency exit to the city during emergencies. The recently adopted Community Wildfire Protection Plan for the city establishes evacuation strategies and methodologies for the city, which include:  Using the City’s Block Captains as important coordinators and managers of residents in the 24 City zones 3  Communication goals between the City, emergency responders, Rolling Hills Community Association, and residents  Details for residents regarding how people get notified during an actual evacuation and the responsibilities and operations of the Emergency Operations Center  Traffic control responsibilities and levels  Identification of special need residents who may need specific attention and/or assistance 3 The city is divided into 24 zones and each zone has 2-3 block captains to represent the residents within the zone. 346 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 18 Figure 7 Existing Evacuation Routes 347 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 19 Climate Change Vulnerability In accordance with Senate Bill 379, this section provides a climate change vulnerability assessment for Rolling Hills, which evaluates the potential impacts of climate change on community assets and populations. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report defines vulnerability as “the propensity or predisposition to be adversely affected.” It adds that vulnerability “encompasses a variety of concepts and elements including sensitivity or susceptibility to harm and lack of capacity to cope and adapt” (IPCC, 2013). Understanding the vulnerabilities that the city may face due to climate change provides a foundation to define future adaptation strategies for the Safety Element update and other planning efforts in Rolling Hills and the region. Consistent with the California Adaptation Planning Guide (Cal OES 2020) the assessment is comprised of the following five elements:  Exposure – the nature and degree to which the community experiences a stress or hazard;  Sensitivity – the aspects of the community (i.e., people, structures, and functions) most affected by the identified exposures;  Potential Impacts – the nature and degree to which the community is affected by a given stressor, change, or disturbance;  Adaptive Capacity – the ability to cope with extreme events, to make changes, or to transform to a greater extent, including the ability to moderate potential damages and to take advantage of opportunities; and  Vulnerability Scoring – systematic scoring based on potential impacts and adaptive capacity, to inform major climate vulnerabilities to address adaptation framework strategies. In addition to City data, Cal-Adapt was used to complete the assessment. Cal-Adapt is an interactive, online platform developed by the University of California and Berkeley to synthesize climate change projections and climate impact research for California’s scientists and planners. This assessment uses Cal-Adapt to study potential future changes in average and extreme temperatures, precipitation, wildfire, and storms. Cal-Adapt is consistent with State guidance to use the “best available science” for evaluating climate change vulnerability. This assessment uses two greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenarios included in Cal-Adapts analysis: Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5. RCP 4.5 describes a scenario in which GHG emissions peak around 2050, decline over the next 30 years and then stabilize by 2100 while RCP 8.5 is the scenario in which GHG emissions continue to rise through the middle of the century before leveling off around 2100. The climate projections used in this report are from four models selected by California’s Climate Action Team Research Working Group and the California Department of Water Resources. These models include:  A warm/dry simulation (HadGEM2-ES)  A cooler/wetter simulation (CNRM-CM5)  An average simulation (CanESM2) 348 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 20  The model that presents a simulation most unlike these three and incorporates 10 other models, for full representation of possible forecasts (MIROC5)4 The average of the model projections is used in this analysis. Exposure Climate change is a global phenomenon that has the potential to adversely affect local health, natural resources, infrastructure, emergency response, and many other facets of society. Projected changes to climate are dependent on location. According to Cal-Adapt, climate change could lead to increasing temperatures, temperature extremes, and changes in precipitation patterns in Rolling Hills. These conditions could lead to exposure associated with extreme heat, drought, wildfires, and extreme storms in the region. The climate hazards of concern for Rolling Hills addressed in this analysis are:  Extreme Heat  Storms and Extreme Weather  Drought  Wildfire Extreme Heat Figure 8 below shows observed and projected annual average maximum temperature in Rolling Hills. As shown in Figure 8, average temperatures in the city and region have increased, which is a trend at both the local scale and the global scale. Compared to 1990, annual average maximum temperatures in Rolling Hills are expected to rise between 1.8°F and 6.6°F by the end of the century, depending on the GHG emissions scenario (CEC 2020). 4 There were 10 California GCM models that were ranked from 1-10 by California’s Climate Action Team Research Working Group and the California Department of Water Resources for different temperature and precipitation factors. The models ranged from the “warm/dry” model which had all metrics closest to 1 to the “cool/wet” model which had all metrics closest to 10. The MIROC5 displays a pattern of ranking that is most unlike the other 3 models and therefore, is included to represent the full spread of all 10 model simulations. 349 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 21 Figure 8 Historical and Projected Annual Average Maximum Temperature in Rolling Hills 5 Extreme heat is a period when temperatures are abnormally high relative to the normal temperature range. There are generally three types of extreme heat events:  Extreme Heat Days: a day during which the maximum temperature surpasses 98 percent of all historic high temperatures for the area, using the time between April and October from 1950 to 2005 as the baseline  Warm Nights: a day between April to October when the minimum temperature exceeds 98 percent of all historic minimum daytime temperatures observed between 1950 to 2005  Extreme Heat Waves: a successive series of extreme heat days and warm nights where extreme temperatures do not abate. While no universally accepted minimum length of time for a heatwave event exists, Cal-Adapt considers four, successive extreme heat days and warm nights to be the minimum threshold for an extreme heatwave Extreme heat events will feel different from region to region since different areas have different historic high temperatures. For example, an extreme heat day on the coast will feel different than an extreme heat day in the desert. According to Cal-Adapt, an extreme heat day in Rolling Hills involves a temperature that exceeds 91.7 ̊F (CEC 2020). Historically (between 1950 and 2005), Rolling Hills experienced an average four extreme heat days per year, typically occurring between April and October. As a result of rising average temperatures and climate change as discussed above, the city is projected to experience between 8 and 14 extreme heat days annually from 2030 to 2099 under medium and high emissions projections (CEC 5 Chart shows annual average maximum temperature for Rolling Hills (Grid Cell 33.78125, -118.34375) under RCP 8.5 (emissions continue to rise strongly through 2050 and plateau around 2100) 350 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 22 2020). As shown in Figure 9, the number of extreme heat days each year is variable, but overall they are increasing from historic averages and would continue to increase through the century. Figure 9 Number of Extreme Heat Days by Year in Rolling Hills 6 Extreme heat waves are defined as four or more consecutive extreme heat days. These events have been historically infrequent in Rolling Hills, with the historical average being 0.3 heat waves annually. The city is expected to experience a minor increase in heat wave frequency as the climate changes. Between 2030 and 2099, the city is projected to experience between 0.4 and 1.1 heat waves per year (CEC 2020). Drought Droughts are somewhat frequent in California, and currently approximately 42 percent of California’s population are in a drought, or in an abnormally dry area (NIDIS 2020). Changes in weather patterns resulting in increases in global average temperatures are already causing decreases in snowpack, which provides as much as a third of California’s water supply (DWR 2019). According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, Los Angeles County and Rolling Hills are not currently experiencing drought conditions based on this mapping (National Drought Mitigation Center 2020). Southern California is not currently considered to be in a drought condition, while other parts of the State (northern California and the Sierra Nevada mountain range) are experiencing moderate drought conditions due to lower than average precipitation. The projected changes in annual precipitation for Rolling Hills are shown in Table 4. Under both the medium and high GHG emissions scenarios, Rolling Hills is not expected to experience substantial changes in average precipitation. However, the city would experience increased variability in precipitation. The city’s minimum annual precipitation would decrease while the maximum annual precipitation would increase under both emissions scenarios. 6 Chart shows the number of days in a year when daily maximum temperature is above the extreme hear threshold of 91.7 ̊F for Rolling Hills (Grid Cell 33.78125, -118.34375) under RCP 8.5 351 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 23 Table 4 Changes in Annual Average Precipitation Scenario Annual Precipitation Minimum (inches) Average (inches) Maximum (inches) Historical Average (1950-2005) 6.7 19.2 37.0 Medium Emissions Scenario (2030-2099) 6.0 21.3 48.2 High Emissions Scenario (2030-2099) 4.8 22.2 57.0 Source: CEC 2020 While overall precipitation levels are expected to change substantially in the city, a drought may occur when conditions in areas where water sources are located experience drought conditions, even though the local region does not. Rolling Hills obtains its water from the Palos Verdes District of the California Water Service. Water supply from the District to this area is purchased from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD), which imports its water from the Colorado River and State Water Project from northern California. Recent research suggests that extended drought occurrence could become more pervasive in future decades (CEC 2020). An extended drought scenario is predicted for all of California from 2051 to 2070 under a climate model using business as usual conditions. The extended drought scenario is based on the average annual precipitation over 20 years. This average value equates to 78 percent of the historic median annual precipitation averaged for the North Coast and Sierra California Climate Tracker regions. Overall precipitation levels in the city are not expected to be significantly impacted. However, variability in precipitation and drought conditions in other areas of the state could impact water supply. Wildfire Wildfire hazards to the city are widespread and discussed above under Hazards of Concern. Wildfires in the city are influenced by a range of factors including droughts, severe winds, wildfire fuel (i.e. dry vegetation), and previous wildfire suppression activity. Climate change is expected to exacerbate wildfire risk by creating hotter and drier landscapes, as discussed above under Extreme Heat, which are more susceptible to burning. Cal-Adapt provides projections for annual mean hectares burned. This projection only accounts for areas that could experience wildfire events. Los Angeles County wildfire occurrence is anticipated to increase under all emissions and population scenarios from historic averages (CEC 2020). In 2020 alone, California has experienced six of the 20 largest fires in modern history and as of the date of this report, over three million acres of land have burned. These fires arose during extreme fire weather conditions and record-breaking heat waves across California. The observed frequency of autumn days with extreme fire weather, which are associated with extreme autumn wildfires, has more than doubled in California since the early 1980s (Goss et al. 2020). Due to the increases in factors that contribute to wildfires (variability in precipitation, hotter and dryer landscapes) and because the city is in a VHFZSZ, it is expected to see an increase in wildfire hazards due to climate change. Storms and Extreme Weather A warming climate is likely to influence the frequency and intensity of storms. Both increased temperatures and altered precipitation patterns can lead to altered seasons and intense rainstorms in Rolling Hills. As depicted in Figure 10, there is a high degree of variability in these extreme 352 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 24 precipitation event projections, with some models projecting little to no change while others project increased intensity (CEC 2020) These projections further vary depending on the return period7 selected. Increasing intensity of rainstorms could result in more flooding, which could adversely affect human safety in Rolling Hills. During years of intense levels of precipitation and storms, the city could also see an increase in the number of landslides or make landslides greater than usual. Due to the number of landslide hazard zones in the city, as shown in 2, Rolling Hills may see an increase in landslides due to changes in precipitation from climate change. Figure 10 Changes in Intensity of Extreme Precipitation Events in Rolling Hills8 Community Sensitivity As climate change occurs, communities will be affected to varying degrees depending on the exposure levels as well as how sensitive the communities are to impacts. Virtually all people and assets in a community will be affected by climate change in some way. However, it is not usually feasible to assess the vulnerability of every population group or every asset in the community. The sensitivity of a community depends on the aspects of the community (i.e., specific populations and assets) most affected by the identified exposures, and how prevalent they are in the community. As described in the Exposure section above, the most likely primary impacts of climate change that Rolling Hills may experience include extreme heat, increases in wildfire risk and prevalence, and drought conditions affecting water supply. This section of the Vulnerability Analysis identifies the 7 Average time between extreme events (e.g., “1 in 100-year event”) 8 Chart shows estimated intensity (Return Level) of Extreme Precipitation events which are exceeded on average once every 20 years (Return Period) for Rolling Hills (Grid Cell 33.78125, -118.34375) under RCP 8.5 emissions scenario. Extreme precipitation events are described as days during a water year (Oct-Sept) with 2-day rainfall totals above an extreme threshold of 1.02 inches. 353 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 25 sensitive areas of the Rolling Hills community from the demographic and community facility information in the Introduction section above and is based on the following categories:  Populations  Infrastructure  Buildings and Facilities  Services Populations The vulnerability assessment considers the following population groups that may be disproportionally harmed by the impacts of climate change in Rolling Hills. Children: Approximately 6.6 percent of the total population in Rolling Hills are ten years old or younger. Persons in poverty: This is identified for people living in households with an income below the poverty limit, which is $26,200 for a household of four people. There are approximately 26 people in Rolling Hills who live in poverty, or approximately 1.6 percent of the total population for whom poverty status can be determined. Persons with chronic health conditions: These are people who have a long-term or permanent health condition that can create regular challenges in their day-to-day lives. These health problems include obesity, cancer, heart disease, and arthritis. In addition, those with any kind of disability, including mobility challenges, hearing, or vision impairments, behavioral disabilities, and challenges living independently or taking care of themselves. Approximately 11.5 percent of the population have identified having a disability. Renters: These are people who live in homes that they (or the head of their household) do not own. Approximately 24 housing units, or 4 percent of the housing units in Rolling Hills, are renter- occupied. Older adults: These are persons 65 years or older are more at risk for climate change impacts, especially those living alone. 28 percent of the population of Rolling Hills are over 65 years, and 15 percent of those over 65 years live alone. Limited English proficiency: Approximately three percent of households have identified being limited English-speaking. Of those, a majority spoke Asian and Pacific Island languages and Spanish. Infrastructure The vulnerability assessment considers the following infrastructure in the city that was identified as bring sensitive to climate change impacts. Access Roads: These roadways are one of a few, or the only, ways in and out of some communities or neighborhoods. The single or limited number of entry and exit points does not make the road itself more vulnerable than other roads, but loss of these roadways can effectively cut off large numbers of people from other areas in the Palos Verdes Peninsula and the rest of Los Angeles County. Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are the primary access roads into and out of the city. Bridle Trails: Throughout the community are over 25 miles of trails available to city residents and non-city residents who obtain permits. The trails are maintained by the Rolling Hills Community Association and located primarily in canyon areas. 354 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 26 Electrical Substations: Electrical substations are facilities that convert electricity from one voltage to another, making it suitable for long-distance transmission or for use by homes, businesses, and other electrical customers. There are no electrical substations located within city limits, but three are located near the city in Rancho Palos Verdes and owned/operated by Southern California Edison. Electrical Utility Lines: These lines transmit and deliver electricity from Southern California Edison to the city. The city has both underground and overhead electric utility lines. Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines: Natural gas pipelines carry large volumes of natural gas between communities. There are no transmissions lines in the city. One transmission line ends at the intersection of Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive, adjacent to city limits. Water Reservoirs and System: The system that stores and supplies drinking water for residents. Palos Verdes Water District of the California Water Service supplies water to Rolling Hills. There are two California Water Service water reservoirs within the city limits. Building and Facilities Residential Structures: Residential structures in Rolling Hills consist of single-family dwellings and are the main type of building in the city. Community Facilities and Government Buildings: Community and government facilities are public properties and are important to the residents as well as the operation of the city. Rolling Hills is a private community. Therefore, community and government facilities are available only to its residents, which are the Rolling Hills Community Association and City Hall. Community Parks: Storm Hill is an open space area owned by the City which is utilized for equestrian purposes. The City also has two equestrian rings and tennis courts. Schools: Rancho Del Mar High School is the only school in the city Public Safety Facilities: Public safety facilities include sheriff and fire buildings. Los Angeles County Fire Station 56 is located within the city. The Lomita Station of the Los Angeles County Sheriff serves the city but is not located within the city limits. Services Public Safety Response: Public safety services are provided by law enforcement and fire agencies. These agencies include the Los Angeles County Sheriff and Fire Departments. Water Services: These services involve treating and transporting water to be used by customers and transporting and treating wastewater so it can be safely released into the environment. California Water Service provides drinking water to the city. Energy delivery: Energy services in Rolling Hills include electricity and natural gas delivered through utility lines from Southern California Edison and Southern California Gas Company. Potential Impacts Impact vulnerability is the nature and degree to which the community is affected by a given stressor, change, or disturbance. As climate change continues to progress, increased stress to vulnerable community populations, infrastructure, building and facilities, and services are expected. As described in the Exposure section above, the most likely primary impacts of climate change 355 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 27 Rolling Hills may experience include extreme heat, wildfire, and drought conditions impacting water supply. The vulnerability of Rolling Hills to the primary exposures of climate change is discussed below. The vulnerability scores discussed in the Vulnerability Scoring section are based on the potential impact analysis below. Each of the vulnerable areas in the city were given a low, medium, or high vulnerability to the potential impacts, based off the descriptions in the Vulnerability Scoring section. Temperature and Extreme Heat As describe in the Exposure section above, Rolling Hills may experience a variety of impacts from climate change, which include an increase of average annual maximum temperature between 1.8°F and 6.6°F by the end of the century (CEC 2020) This increase in temperature may result in changes in seasonal patterns, an increase in heat waves, drought, and potentially increased storm frequency and intensity. Rolling Hills is expected to experience between 8 and 14 extreme heat days annually. Overall quality of life in the city would be impacted during extreme heat events as outdoor activities would be limited and overall comfort reduced. The potential direct and indirect impacts to community populations, infrastructure, building and facilities, and services are described below. Populations The vulnerable populations discussed above that are most at risk to extreme heat impacts from climate change are older adults, individuals with chronic conditions such as heart and lung disease, diabetes, and mental illnesses, children, and those who are economically disadvantaged. The primary vulnerable population to temperature increases and extreme heat in Rolling Hills is older adults, as 28 percent of the city’s population is over 65 years. Older adults do not adjust as well as young people to sudden changes in temperature and are more likely to have medical conditions that can worsen with extreme heat (CDC 2017a). Older adults who are living along are even more at risk as the actions necessary to mitigation extreme heat are more difficult alone. Getting water, changing clothes, showering, or turning on the air conditioner may be more difficult for older adults with physical disabilities and do not have a living partner to assist them. Children are also at risk to extreme heat impacts, especially those under the age of four, due to their less- developed physiology, immune system, and dependence on others (CDC 2019). Extreme heat can be highly dangerous to persons with chronic health conditions, because very high temperatures can exacerbate diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, respiratory ailments, and other diseases. Some of these people have weakened immune systems which can make them more likely to contract illnesses and vulnerable to human health hazards. In addition, they may be taking medications that make the effects of extreme heat worse (CDC 2017b). While there are not many households in poverty in the city, those who are have limited financial resources to upgrade their homes and use air conditioning to better resist extreme heat. Each of the vulnerable populations has a high potential impact from extreme heat. Infrastructure Extreme heat and temperature increase due to climate change would not directly impact infrastructure in Rolling Hills. Indirect impacts on electrical substations and utility lines could occur from increased use of the system from running air conditioners, leading to power outages in the 356 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 28 city. In addition, indirect impacts to the water system through increased evaporation or water use could occur. These infrastructure facilities would have a medium potential impact from extreme heat. Building and Facilities Extreme heat and temperature increase due to climate change would not directly affect buildings or facilities in Rolling Hills. Extreme heat and temperature increases could impact the ability for residents to enjoy community park facilities. In addition, extreme heat could create wildfire conditions which could indirectly impact all buildings and facilities within the city. Overall, there is a low potential impact from extreme heat to City buildings and facilities. Services The important services discussed above that are most at risk to extreme heat impacts from climate change are water services and energy delivery. High temperatures would contribute to a reduced water supply. For instance, higher temperatures will melt the Sierra snowpack earlier and drive the snowline higher. In addition to a reduction in precipitation falling as snow, higher temperatures would result in less snowpack to supply water to California users (CNRA 2009). Increased temperatures could therefore result in decreased potable water supply for the city which relies on imported water from the State Water Project and Colorado River water (Cal Water 2016). Therefore, there is a medium potential impact for high temperatures and drought on the city. Long periods of intense heat may result in increased use of electricity for home cooling purposes that could tax the overall electrical system and result in electricity restrictions or blackouts. During extreme heat events in August 2020, California had its first rolling blackouts since 2001. Therefore, the city will experience greater potential for power outages due to climate change and has a medium potential impact. Storms/Extreme Weather and Drought As mentioned in the Exposure section above, the storm and extreme weather projections for Rolling Hills show variability, with some models projecting little to no change while others project increased intensity. This could result in impacts to community populations, infrastructure, building and facilities, and services, particularly related to temporary flooding and landslides which can be triggered from intense rainfall events. The city currently has a less than 0.2 percent annual chance to be inundated by flood waters as a result of a storm event (FEMA 2008). Increases in intense precipitation could result in slope failures in landslide prone areas shown in Figure 2, including the existing Flying Triangle Landslide area. As discussed in the Exposure section above, Rolling Hills is not expected to experience substantial changes in average precipitation. However, the city receives its water from the Colorado River and State Water Project from northern California, and extended drought scenario is predicted for these areas, which equates to 78 percent of the historic median annual precipitation. Therefore, areas that supply water to Rolling Hills and other jurisdictions are expected to see a 22 percent reduction of their water supply, which could reduce the amount of potable water available for delivery to the city. 357 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 29 Populations The city’s older adults and those with chronic health conditions are the populations in Rolling Hills that are more at risk of injury and or death resulting from minor floods or fallen trees created by more intense storms induced by climate change. Indirect impacts to these populations from impacts to the transportation system could include reduced access to emergency response and health centers for those who need consistent medical care. There is a medium potential for impacts to these vulnerable populations. Infrastructure Critical infrastructure most at risk in Rolling Hills to minor flooding impacts and landslides from increased storms would be access roads, bridle trails, electrical utility lines, and water systems. Because Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are critical for access to and evacuation from the city, any damage or closure can effectively isolate areas of the city, potentially creating severe health and safety risks. Bridle trails are predominantly located in canyon areas, which would be more susceptible to flooding and landslides. Landslides could impact utilities, as seen in the existing Flying Triangle Landslide area, which has moved utility lines above ground in certain areas due to the continuous movement of the earth in this area. Due to the limited accessibility of the city, there is a medium potential impact for access roads and bridle trails and a low potential impact for the remaining vulnerable infrastructure. Building and Facilities Buildings and facilities most at risk from impacts of more intense storms would be residential structures and community parks. The proper functioning residential septic systems could be impacted by more intense rainfall and minor flooding. In addition, landslides could be triggered as indirect impacts from more intense storms and rainfall. Residential structures located in landslide hazard areas shown in Figure 2 could be impacted. In addition, the Storm Hill open space area is an important facility in the city and is also located in a landslide area. Due to the variability in weather projections, there is a low potential impact for buildings and facilities. Services Increased storm intensity and drought conditions from climate change could impact public safety response, energy delivery and water services in the city. Emergency response systems could be impacted from flooding or landslides within or outside of city limits, which could restrict the ability for emergency response to access the city and impact response times. More intense storms could adversely affect electricity delivery from Southern California Edison from power outages caused by downed electrical utility lines from wind of landslide events. In addition, water service from the California Water Service Palos Verdes District could be affected by increased drought conditions throughout the state. There is a medium potential impact for buildings and facilities. Wildfire Wildfires in Los Angeles County are projected to increase under all emissions and population scenarios. As discussed in the Exposure section above, wildfire hazards to the city are widespread and wildfire conditions are expected to be exacerbated by a range of factors including droughts, 358 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 30 more severe winds, wildfire fuel (i.e., dry vegetation), and hotter and drier landscapes from increased temperatures and extreme heat. Populations The vulnerable populations discussed above that are most at risk to increases in wildfire from climate change are older adults, persons in poverty, and persons with chronic health conditions. Older adults are almost three times more likely to die in a fire than the overall population (USFA 2017), and typically have increased mobility issues or mental health. Therefore, older adults, especially those in the city living alone, have more difficulties evacuating to safe areas when there is a need. Those in Rolling Hills with limited financial resources are more unlikely to retrofit their homes to better resist climate-related hazards such as wildfires. In addition to direct impacts, indirect impacts such as poor air quality also creates public health hazards to the city. Recent California wildfires in August and September 2020 had areas of California recording the worst air quality in the world and highlighted the hazards of secondary impacts from wildfires, which could impact the city from fires throughout the State. Older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions are likely to be impacted most by these secondary impacts. Also, those with limited finances or without air conditioning would be impacted by secondary smoke impacts that occur during local and regional wildfires. There is a high potential for wildfire impacts on the vulnerable populations. Infrastructure All city infrastructure is located in a VHFHSZ. The critical infrastructure most at risk to increased wildfire impacts would be access roads, bridle trails, above ground electrical utility lines, and water systems. Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are critical for access to and evacuation from many areas of the city. Wildfires may not significantly damage the infrastructure, but they could result in closure or the inability to travel on them during wildfire events, which can isolate areas of the city and create severe health and safety risks. There is a high potential for impacts to access roads from wildfires. Wildfires are unlikely to substantially damage trails directly, but they can force widespread trail closures which are an important asset to the community. Above ground electrical lines are also at risk from wildfires and could impact electricity services to residents in Rolling Hills. Water systems could be directly affected by wildfires in addition to indirect impacts from water use from firefighting activities and peak load water supply in remote portions of the city. There is a medium potential for impact to these infrastructures. Building and Facilities As discussed under Hazards of Concern section, all of Rolling Hills is designated a VHFHSZ. Therefore, all buildings and facilities within the city are at risk of increased wildfires caused by climate change. The greatest potential impact of life and well-being would be to residential structures, which are the primary structures in the city. In addition, impacts to Rolling Hills Community Association and City Hall structures would impact community functions and government services. There is a high potential for impact to buildings and facilities from wildfire. 359 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 31 Services Energy delivery, specifically electricity delivery, could be impacted from increased wildfires. Direct impacts to Southern California Edison electricity transmission infrastructure could impact power in the city. In addition, utility companies have begun shutting off power to areas to avoid wildfires during times when weather creates high wildfire risk. In addition, public safety services could be strained during wildfire events, which are expected to increase. There is a medium potential for impacts to services in the city from wildfire. Adaptive Capacity Adaptive capacity is the current ability to cope with climate change impacts to community populations and assets (Cal OES 2020). Specifically, adaptative capacity is the ability to mitigate the potential impacts and damages or take advantage of the opportunities from climate change. Many communities have adaptive capacity in the form of policies, plans, programs, or institutions. Rolling Hills has actively taken steps to increase the city’s adaptive capacity, which include preparing a community wildfire protection plan, hazard mitigation plan, undergrounding utility lines, and adopting strict new building standards. Table 5 lists various guiding documents, projects, plans, and policies that have an underlying emphasis on adaptive capacity in the city. Table 5 Rolling Hills Existing Adaptive Capacity Project, Policy, or Plan Year Established Climate Change Impact City of Rolling Hill Community Wildfire Protection Plan 2020 Wildfire City of Rolling Hills Safety Element 2003 Wildfire, Storms California Water Service Palos Verdes Water District Urban Water Management Plan 2016 Drought Utility Undergrounding Requirement n/a Wildfire Fire Prevention Power Line Undergrounding 2020 Wildfire RHMC Chapter 8.30: Fire Fuel Abatement n/a Wildfire Hazard Mitigation Plan 2019 Wildfire, Drought, Storm- induced Landslides Emergency Operations Plan 2020 Wildfire, Storm, Extreme Heat Emergency Notification and Notify Me n/a Wildfire, Storms VHFHSZ Building Requirements n/a Wildfire Rolling Hills Municipal Code Requirements for lot slope and lot stability n/a Storm-Induced Landslides Rolling Hills has a number of plans and policies specific to wildfire hazards. The city’s recently adopted the Community Wildfire Protection Plan that includes fire mitigation strategies and evacuations strategies specific for the city. In addition, the Hazard Mitigation Plan provides an analysis of historical hazards, a local hazard assessment, hazard impacts on the community, and recommended mitigation strategies. The City requires the undergrounding of utility lines with specific home upgrades and has a reimbursement program for utility pole replacement. In addition, building code requirements for development within VHFHSZ, such as Class A roofing, would help reduce wildfire impacts to structures in the city. 360 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 32 The Rolling Hills Building and Zoning Codes include controls on development on steep slopes and canyon bottoms. In addition, development requires proof of stability of the property through geotechnical reports and only a percentage of each lot can be disturbed. The Palos Verdes Water District’s Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) provides water supply and demand projections and includes a climate change analysis. The 2015 UWMP projected that water supply reductions to the District due to climate change would be small for through the end of the century. In addition, the UWMP includes a water shortage contingency plan and demand reduction measures in the event water supply to the District is impacts from drought due to climate change. In addition, the city’s population has a high degree of adaptive capacity due to the high levels of home ownership, low poverty levels, and high average income levels. These characteristics improve resident’s ability to upgrade their homes and come back from potential impacts to their property from wildfire and extreme storm events. Vulnerability Scoring Vulnerability scores are based on the combination of potential impacts from climate hazards and adaptive capacity in order to identify the climate vulnerabilities in the city to address with additional adaptation strategies. A vulnerability score was determined for each sensitivity area based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity from climate change in the city. Vulnerability was accessed on a scale from 1 to 5:  V-1: Minimal Vulnerability  V-2: Low Vulnerability  V-3: Moderate Vulnerability  V-4: High  V-5: Severe Cal OES recommended the following scoring rubric to determine the vulnerability score for the potential impacts and adaptive capacity.  Low Potential Impact: Impact is unlikely based on projected exposure; would result in minor consequences to public health, safety, and/or other metrics of concern  Medium Potential Impact: Impact is somewhat likely based on projected exposure; would result in some consequences to public health, safety, and/or other metrics of concern  High Potential Impact: Impact is highly likely based on projected exposure; would result in substantial consequences to public health, safety, and/or other metrics of concern  Low Adaptive Capacity: The population or asset lacks capacity to manage climate impact; major changes would be required  Medium Adaptive Capacity: The population or asset has some capacity to manage climate impact; some changes would be required  High Adaptive Capacity: The population or asset has high capacity to manage climate impact; minimal to no changes are required Table 6 shows how the final vulnerability score was determined. To summarize, potential impacts from climate change that are highly likely to occur in the city based on projected exposure would 361 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 33 create a high vulnerability score. However, if the city has a high adaptive capacity to manage the impact, then the overall vulnerability score would be reduced. Table 6 Vulnerability Score Matrix Potential Impacts High V-3 V-4 V-5 Medium V-2 V-3 V-4 Low V-1 V-2 V-3 High Medium Low Adaptive Capacity The vulnerability scoring for the identified population and assets for each climate impact is included below in Table 7 and based on Cal OES California Adaptation Planning Guide. For those populations and assets that are not anticipated to be impacted directly or indirectly from the identified climate impacts, no vulnerabilty score or color is provided. For example, drought impacts on children were determined to not be a threat in Rolling Hills. For the purposes of this vulnerability assessment, a score of V-4 or V-5 is considered significant. Populations and assets that score at least a V-4 for one or more exposures are considered substantially vulnerable. As shown in Table 7, the potential impacts from climate change the city’s population and assets are most vulnerable to are wildfire, extreme heat, and landslides. Vulnerable populations such as older adults, residents with chronic health conditions, and those with financial trouble are most at risk to extreme heat and wildfire impacts and are substantially vulnerable to climate change impacts in the city. Access roads and residential structures are also the most vulnerable to wildfire and landslide impacts from climate change. Overall, climate change impacts on wildfire are the greatest potential impact to the city. While the City has adopted a significant number of adaptation strategies related to wildfire impacts, because they were recently adopted and some of the strategies were included as recommendations, it will be important to determine and monitor if implementation is occurring and which recommendations should be included in the Safety Element update. This vulnerability assessment and the results in Table 7 will be used to identify specific policies and implementable strategies for adapting to climate change in the Safety Element, thus making the Rolling Hills community more resilient. 362 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 34 Table 7 Vulnerability Assessment Results Community Sensitivity Storms/Extreme Weather Extreme Heat Wildfire Landslides Population Children V-3 V-2 V-2 Persons with Chronic Health Conditions V-2 V-4 V-4 V-2 Persons in Poverty V-2 V-3 V-4 V-2 Renters V-3 V-2 V-2 Older Adults V-2 V-4 V-4 V-2 Limited English Speaking V-2 V-2 Infrastructure Access Roads V-2 V-4 V-3 Bridle Trails V-2 V-3 V-2 Electrical Substations V-1 V-2 V-3 Electrical Utility Lines V-2 V-1 V-3 V-2 Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines V-2 V-2 Water Reservoirs and Systems V-1 V-2 V-3 V-3 Buildings and Facilities Residential Structures V-1 V-5 V-3 Community Facilities and Government Buildings V-1 V-4 V-1 Community Parks V-1 V-1 V-3 V-3 Schools V-1 V-3 V-1 Public Safety Facilities V-1 V-3 V-1 363 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 35 Community Sensitivity Storms/Extreme Weather Extreme Heat Wildfire Landslides Services Public Safety Response V-2 V-3 V-1 Water Services V-2 V-2 V-3 V-2 Energy Delivery V-2 V-3 V-4 V-2 Notes: Drought was not included in this table because the city’s vulnerability to drought is primarily low. White boxes indicate very low to now vulnerability. 364 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 36 Summary of Issues and Opportunities Existing hazards of concern in the city that should be a major focus of the Safety Element update include landslide and wildfire hazards. In addition, emergency response and evacuation should be a focus due to the city’s accessibility issues. Climate change is expected to increase potential hazards the city experiences. From the vulnerability analysis, the city is most vulnerable to wildfire impacts, extreme heat, and landslides impacts from climate change. Hazards of Concern and Community Sensitivity While there are a number of hazards that could impacts the city, the following are hazards of concern that pose the greatest challenge to the city. Wildfire The greatest hazard of concern for the city is wildfire as the entire city limits are within a VHFHSZ and the city contains many remote areas and limited evacuation routes. Some existing residential and accessory structures are not built to current standards that apply to VHFHSZ and as a result many of these structures may require mitigation and retrofit to reduce this potential threat. The area’s most vulnerable to wildfire impacts include older adults, persons with chronic health conditions, residential structures, government and community buildings, and access roads. Landslides Landslides are also a major concern for the city, whether they are earthquake induced, induced from high precipitation events, or occur due to the underlying soil conditions. Existing landslides are impacting the southern portion of the city. Climate change has the potential to create more landslide events if Rolling Hills experiences more intense storms and precipitation events. The area’s most vulnerable to landslide impacts include access roads, residential structures, and community parks. Extreme Heat The city is expected to see increases in the number and length of extreme heat days and events due to climate change, which could impact vulnerable people in the city and lead to increased wildfire risks. The area’s most vulnerable to extreme heat impacts from climate change include older adults, persons with chronic health conditions, and the energy system. Opportunities The need to further analyze evacuation routes and access is one of the most recent changes in Safety Element requirements. These new requirements focus on the identification of areas where routes are lacking or inadequate. A key opportunity for the Safety Element update is address specific evacuation needs. The City has recently adopted a number of planning documents, such as the Hazard Mitigation Plan and Community Wildfire Protection Plan, that seek to reduce the risk of hazards in the city. Many of the strategies included in these documents are recommendations and are used for educational purposes. An opportunity for the Safety Element update would be to include the recommendations 365 Summary of Issues and Opportunities Existing Conditions Report 37 as implementation tools for the Safety Element and to conduct outreach with the community to determine if community preparedness is occurring. The California Legislature recently adopted Senate Bill 182 (SB 182) and is awaiting Governor approval. SB 182 would require the Safety Element to include a comprehensive retrofit strategy as necessary to reduce the risk of property loss and damage during wildfires. Additionally, in order to reduce development pressures in the VHFHSZ through the Regional Housing Needs Allocation process, SB 182 requires a lower proportion of state housing allocation to jurisdictions that meet specified conditions. The City should monitor and incorporate these elements as necessary. 366 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 38 References California Department of Toxic Substances and Control (DTSC). 2020. Envirostor. https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/?myaddress=rolling+hills%2C+ca. Accessed August 2020. California Department of Water Resources (DWR). 2019. Climate Change Basics. Available at https://water.ca.gov/Water-Basics/Climate-Change-Basics. Accessed September 2020. California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES). 2020. California Adaptation Planning Guide. June 2020. California Water Service (Cal Water). 2016. 2015 Urban Water Management Plan: Palos Verdes District. June 2016. Center for Disease Control (CDC). 2017a. Heat and Older Adults. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/older-adults-heat.html. Accessed September 2020. ____. 2017b. Heat and People with Chronic Medical Conditions. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/medical.html. Accessed September 2020. ____. 2019. Heat and Infants and Children. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/children.html. Accessed September 2020. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2008. Flood Insurance Rate Map 06037C1940F. Goss, Michael et al. 2020. Climate change is increasing the likelihood of extreme autumn wildfire conditions across California. Environmental Research Letters 15.094016 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2013. IPCC Fifth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2013. Working Group I: The Physical Science Basis. Accessible at: http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/ Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department (LACSD). 2020. Lomita Station Part I Crimes. http://shq.lasdnews.net/CrimeStats/CAASS/Patrol-CurrentMonth-YTD.PDF. Accessed August 2020. National Drought Mitigation Center. 2020. U.S. Drought Monitor: California. September 15, 2020. https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/CurrentMap/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA. Accessed September 2020. National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS). 2020. Drought in California. https://www.drought.gov/drought/states/california. Accessed October 2020. Rolling Hills, City of. 1990. General Plan Safety Element. June 25, 1990. ____. 2019. Hazard Mitigation Plan. January 16, 2019. ____. 2020. Community Wildfire Protection Plan. July 2020. Southern California Earthquake Center. 2013. Hazards and Threats Earthquakes List of Major Active Surface Faults in Southern California. March. University of California, Berkeley and California Energy Commission (CEC). 2020. Cal-Adapt. https://cal-adapt.org/. Accessed August 2020. 367 References Existing Conditions Report 39 U.S. Census Bureau. 2018. Rolling Hills, City 2018 ACS 5-Year Estimates. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Rolling%20Hills%20city,%20California&g=1600000U S0662602&tid=ACSDP5Y2018.DP05&hidePreview=false. Western Region Climate Center (WRCC). 2016. Period of Record Monthly Climate Summary. https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca8973. Accessed August 2020. 368 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 40 This page intentionally left blank. 369 FINAL NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE Prepared for: CITY OF ROLLING HILLS No. 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, CA 90274 Contact: John F. Signo, AICP (310) 377-1521 Prepared by: CHAMBERS GROUP, INC. 600 West Broadway #250 Glendale, CA 91204 (213) 623-1859 March 2022 370 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page SECTION 1.0 – INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 4 1.1 DRAFT INITIAL STUDY / NEGATIVE DECLARATION ........................................................................ 4 1.2 AVAILABILITY OF THE NOI AND IS/ND .......................................................................................... 4 SECTION 2.0 – PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND SETTING ............................................................................ 5 2.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................. 5 2.2 SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE ............................................................................................................ 5 2.2.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 5 2.2.2 Safety Element Overview ................................................................................................. 5 2.2.3 Goals and Policies ............................................................................................................ 6 SECTION 3.0 – FINDINGS ...................................................................................................................... 8 SECTION 4.0 – CIRCULATION ................................................................................................................ 9 SECTION 5.0 – RESPONSE TO COMMENTS .......................................................................................... 10 5.1 COMMENTS AND RESPONSES TO COMMENTS .......................................................................... 10 SECTION 6.0 – ERRATA TO THE DRAFT NEGATIVE DECLARATION ........................................................ 50 SECTION 7.0 – NEGATIVE DECLARATION ............................................................................................ 51 SECTION 8.0 – REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 52 371 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 iii LIST OF TABLES Table 4-1: Comments from Agencies on the Draft Negative Declaration .................................................... 9 372 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 4 SECTION 1.0 – INTRODUCTION 1.1 DRAFT INITIAL STUDY / NEGATIVE DECLARATION An Initial Study Negative Declaration (IS/ND) was prepared for both the Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update for the City of Rolling Hills. On January 13, 2022, the City of Rolling Hills circulated a Draft IS/ND to public agencies and the general public. In accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Section 21091 and State CEQA Guidelines Section 15073, a 30-day public review period for the Draft IS/ND was provided from January 13, 2022 to February 12, 2022. The City has not yet received comments back from the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) on the Housing Element Update, and does not wish to approve the Housing Element Update without such comments. The City has removed the Housing Element Update from the Project (and associated IS/ND). The changes to the IS/ND do not affect the overall conclusions of the environmental document; the analysis of the Safety Element Update is wholly bounded by the analysis and findings in the previously circulated Draft IS/ND. An errata has been prepared to clarify and modify the Project. 1.2 AVAILABILITY OF THE NOI AND IS/ND The Notice of Intent (NOI) and the IS/ND were available for review at the following locations:  City of Rolling Hills City Hall Planning and Community Services Department No. 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, CA 90274  The city’s website at: https://www.rolling-hills.org/21330%20-%20Rolling%20Hills%20IS_011022.pdf Additionally the NOI was posted in the Daily Breeze on January 13, 2022. Agencies and members of the public were invited to reach out to the City's Director of Planning and Community Services, John F. Signo, AICP, with any comments or questions regarding the Project. 373 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 5 SECTION 2.0 – PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND SETTING 2.1 INTRODUCTION The City of Rolling Hills (City) is a rural, equestrian residential community, consisting entirely of large lot residential parcels of one acre or more. The community encompasses 2.99 square miles of land (approximately 1,910 acres) on the Palos Verdes Peninsula in the County of Los Angeles (Figure 2.2-1: Project Location). The City’s General Plan was drafted and adopted in 1990. The City is proposing updates to the Safety Element of the General Plan, one of the six elements. The Safety Element Update (SEU), (Appendix A of the Draft IS/ND) provides the City’s goals, policies, and actions to minimize the hazards to safety in and around the City. The SEU evaluates natural and human- caused safety hazards that affect existing and future development and provides guidelines for protecting the community from harm. The SEU describes existing and potential future conditions and sets policies for improved public safety. The goal of the SEU is to reduce the risk of injury, death, property loss, and other hardships to acceptable levels. A detailed description of the update is provided below. 2.2 SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE 2.2.1 Background Throughout its history as a city, the City has dealt with various natural hazards, including earthquakes, wildfires, droughts, and land movement. Developments in high landslide areas have occurred, and the City has been identified as being located in a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ). As a result, the City has amended its building and safety codes to include special requirements such as fire-rated materials for new construction and a requirement for geotechnical studies in active fault zones. 2.2.2 Safety Element Overview The City’s SEU addresses hazards of concern relevant to the City and provides goals, policies, and implementation measures to minimize these hazards. Figures 2 through 6 of the SEU show exact locations of these hazards, which are described in the following paragraphs. Landslide Hazards Much of the existing development in the City is located on hilly terrain and has a greater potential to experience landslide hazards. Many of the canyons in the City exhibit steep slopes with little vegetation coverage, leaving them susceptible to slope failure. Seismic Hazards The City is in a seismically active region of southern California. The last major earthquake in the Los Angeles area was the 5.1 magnitude La Habra earthquake in 2014. The City is within 50 miles of the Whittier fault, Newport-Inglewood fault, Palos Verdes fault, Malibu Coast fault, Cabrillo fault, Santa Monica fault, and Redondo Canyon fault. Analysis of seismic data from the region indicates that the Whittier and Newport-Inglewood faults may generate a maximum credible earthquake of magnitude 7.2 and 7.4, respectively. The earthquake shaking potential for the City is moderate. A number of seismically active faults are present in the City and region; however, none are active faults with the potential for 374 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 6 ground rupture, defined by the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act and delineated by California Geological Survey. The City has a low potential for liquefaction, as the subsurface soils generally lack saturated alluvial deposits and thick, granular soils. Flooding The City is not in any immediate risk from flooding caused by overflowing water bodies or heavy rains. However, runoff and minor flooding pose a risk if drainage systems fail along canyon bottoms, where natural drainage leads. Due to dam locations and the topography of the area, the inundation areas do not enter or affect any portion of the City. Wildland and Urban Fires The entire City is designated a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE 2011). The terrain in the City is composed of several large and steep canyons that limit and challenge vegetation management and present conditions where a fire can quickly travels up and downslope to nearby homes. Due to the rural nature and large residential lots, many homes are surrounded by more substantial vegetation and dense brush than in more suburban settings. Hazardous Materials According to the Department of Substances Control (DTSC 2021), no hazardous waste sites or facilities are present in the City. The City and surrounding area do not contain heavy industrial uses that would create a hazardous material risk in the event of a spill, release, or natural disaster. 2.2.3 Goals and Policies The SEU is a policy document; no actual development or rezoning of parcels is included as part of the approval. In addition to goals and policies, the SEU includes implementation measures for action items for the City. The goals, policies, and implementation for hazard mitigation, community communication, and climate change adaptation and resilience are listed at the end of the SEU. 375 CrestRdSilverS purRd I n d i a n P e akRd Palos Verdes Dr N W 1st S t PalosVerdes Dr S Mi ral esteDrPalosVerdesDrERollingHillsRdCrestridge Rd CrenshawBlvdUV107 SanBernardino Kern SanLuisObispo Ventura Santa Barbara RiversideOrange Los Angeles San Diego 1:200,000 1:5,000,000 Figure 2.1-1 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Project Location Name: 21300 PLAN Fig 2.1-1 Project Location.Mxd Print Date: 12/6/2021 9:44:35 AM Author: pcarlos 0 2,000 4,0001,000 Feet ´ Project Location Project Location 376 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 8 SECTION 3.0 – FINDINGS An IS / ND was prepared to assess the proposed Project's potential impacts on the environment and the significance of those impacts. Based on this IS / ND, it was determined that the proposed Project would not have any significant impacts on the environment. This conclusion is supported by the following findings:  No potential was found for adverse impacts on Aesthetics, Agriculture, Air Quality, Biological Resources, Cultural Resources, Energy, Geology and Soils, Greenhouse Gases, Hazards and Hazardous Materials, Hydrology, Land Use and Planning, Mineral Resources, Noise, Population and Housing, Public Services, Recreation, Transportation, Utilities and Service Systems, Tribal Cultural Resources, and Wildfire associated with the Proposed Project.  The proposed Project will not have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of an endangered, rare or threatened species or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory with the implementation of the recommended mitigation.  The proposed Project will not have impacts that are individually limited but cumulatively considerable.  The proposed Project will not have environmental effects which will cause substantially adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly 377 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 9 SECTION 4.0 – CIRCULATION On January 13, 2022, the City of Rolling Hills circulated a NOI to Adopt an IS / ND to public agencies. In accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Section 21091 and State CEQA Guidelines Section 15073, a 30-day public review period for the Draft IS/ND was provided from January 13, 2022, to February 12, 2022. Copies of the IS / ND and supporting materials were made available for review at the City of Rolling Hills City Hall No. 2 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA 90274 and online at https://www.rolling-hills.org/government/planning_and_community_services/index.php. During the 30-day comment period, the following comments were received from the following agencies. Table 4-1: Comments from Agencies on the Draft Negative Declaration Comment Letter No. Commenting Agency Date of Comment 1 California Department of Transportation January 27, 2022 2 California Department of Fish and Wildlife February 4, 2022 3 Los Angeles County Sanitation District February 7, 2022 4 County of Los Angeles Fire Department February 8, 2022 378 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 10 SECTION 5.0 – RESPONSE TO COMMENTS CEQA Guidelines Section 15204 (b) outlines parameters for submitting comments and reminds persons and public agencies that the focus of review and comment of negative declarations should be, “on the proposed finding that the project will not have a significant effect on the environment. If persons and public agencies believe that the project may have a significant effect, they should: (1) Identify the specific effect; (2) Explain why they believe the effect would occur, and; (3) Explain why they believe the effect would be significant.” CEQA Guidelines Section 15204 (c) further advises, “Reviewers should explain the basis for their comments, and should submit data or references offering facts, reasonable assumptions based on facts, or expert opinion supported by facts in support of the comments. Pursuant to Section 15064, an effect shall not be considered significant in the absence of substantial evidence.” Section 15204 (d) also states, “Each responsible agency and trustee agency shall focus its comments on environmental information germane to that agency’s statutory responsibility.” Section 15204 (e) states, “This section shall not be used to restrict the ability of reviewers to comment on the general adequacy of a document or of the lead agency to reject comments not focused as recommended by this section.” In accordance with Public Resources Code 21092.5 (b) of the CEQA Guidelines, the lead agency shall notify any public agency which comments on a negative declaration of the public hearing or hearings, if any, on the project for which the negative declaration was prepared. If notice to the commenting public agency is provided pursuant to Section 21092, the notice shall satisfy the requirement of this subdivision. 5.1 COMMENTS AND RESPONSES TO COMMENTS Written comments on the Draft IS / ND are reproduced on the following pages, along with responses to those comments. To assist in referencing comments and responses, the letters are coded using numbers (e.g., Comment Letter 1) and each issue raised in the comment letter is assigned a number that correlates with the letter (e.g., 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, etc.). Comment-initiated text revisions to the Draft ND and minor staff-initiated changes are compiled in their entirety and are demarcated with revision marks in Section 6.0, Revisions to the Draft Negative Declaration, of this Final IS/ ND. 379 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 11 380 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 12 381 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 13 382 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 14 RESPONSE TO COMMENT LETTER 1 Commenter: Miya Edmonson, IGR/CEQA Branch Chief, California Department of Transportation Date of Letter: January 27, 2022 Response to Comment 1-1: The commenter acknowledges receipt of the environmental document and discusses the Project components. However, it should be noted that clarifications and insignificant modifications to the negative declaration have been made to remove the Housing Element Update part of the Project. The comment also provides population and housing information regarding the City of Rolling Hills. No response is required. Response to Comment 1-2: The commenter discusses the shift in transportation analysis as a result of Senate Bill 743 which utilizes vehicle miles traveled (VMT) as the analysis metric as required for CEQA projects and notes the challenges that the region faces in identifying viable solutions to alleviating congestion on state and local facilities. The commenter suggests use of road diets, complete streets, and use of pedestrian safety measures to increase road safety and notes the environmental report should ensure all modes are served well by planning and development activities. This comment is noted, and no further response is required. Response to Comment 1-3: The commenter encourages the lead agency to use Transportation Demand Management strategies for future specific projects to support transit and pedestrian services, while providing reference manuals for these strategies. This comment is noted, and no further response is required. Response to Comment 1-4: The commenter acknowledges the lack of public roads or streets in the City and notes the City’s circulation infrastructure does not support high volume trips. The commenter also notes impacts associated with future development would require project-specific mitigation measures. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Response to Comment 1-5: The commenter concludes the letter and provides contact information for questions related to the letter. This comment is noted, and no further response is required. 383 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 15 384 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 16 385 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 17 386 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 18 387 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 19 388 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 20 389 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 21 390 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 22 391 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 23 392 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 24 393 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 25 394 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 26 395 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 27 396 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 28 397 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 29 398 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 30 399 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 31 400 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 32 401 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 33 402 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 34 403 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 35 404 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 36 405 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 37 406 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 38 407 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 39 408 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 40 RESPONSE TO COMMENT LETTER 2 Commenter: Erinn Wilson-Olgin, Environmental Program Manager I, South Coast Region, California Department of Fish and Wildlife Date of Letter: February 4, 2022 Response to Comment 2-1: The commenter notes that California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) has reviewed the proposed Project and Negative Declaration. The commenter accurately notes that they are a Trustee Agency per CEQA Guidelines Section 15386 subdivision (a). The commenter also notes that they are submitting comments as a Responsible Agency; however, per CEQA Guidelines Section 15381, a responsible agency is a public agency with discretionary approval authority over a portion of a CEQA project (e.g., required permits). The commenter also notes that CDFW’s regulatory authority is derived from the potential need for a lake and streambed alteration agreement or take permit; however, neither will be required for the Project. As the proposed Project requires no permits, there are no responsible agencies. However, it should be noted that clarifications and insignificant modifications to the negative declaration have been made to remove the Housing Element Update part of the Project. None of the clarifications and modifications are considered “substantial revisions” because they do not show that the Project has a new, avoidable significant effect and the City has determined that project revisions are not required to reduce potential effects to less than significant. None of the clarifications and modifications substantially modify the analysis or conclusions of the IS/ND, but they instead merely remove discussion of the Housing Element Update. As noted above, the clarified and modified Project would continue to result in no impacts without any need for mitigation. Response to Comment 2-2: The commenter provides a description of the Project. However, it should be noted that clarifications and insignificant modifications to the negative declaration have been made to remove the Housing Element Update part of the Project. No response is required. Response to Comment 2-3: The commenter introduces their comments and provides recommendations regarding perceived impacts tied to future development. The commenter also proposes potential mitigation measures for protection of biological resources including wildlife and plant species that exist within the City. The City is proposing an updates to the Safety Element of the General Plan, one of the six General Plan elements that cover long-range planning for the community’s growth and development. CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.4 notes that mitigation measures are not required for effects, which are not found to be significant. Since the Project is the adoption of a policy document and not an application for development of any particular parcel or site in the City or change in zoning, no impacts to biological resources were identified and no mitigation is required. However, it should be noted that clarifications and insignificant modifications to the negative declaration have been made to remove the Housing Element Update part of the Project. None of the clarifications and modifications are considered “substantial revisions” because they do not show that the Project has a new, avoidable significant effect and the City has determined that project revisions are not required to reduce potential effects to less than significant. None of the clarifications and modifications substantially modify the analysis or conclusions of the IS/ND, but they instead merely remove discussion of the Housing Element Update. As noted above, the clarified and modified Project would continue to result in no impacts without any need for mitigation. 409 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 41 Response to Comment 2-4: The commenter raised concern regarding potential impacts to the coastal California Gnatcatcher and noted that 14 of the 20 identified sites overlap with habitat for the species. The commenter also provided suggested mitigation measures to reduce perceived impacts. All future projects would be treated as individual projects and may be subject to specific environmental analysis including potential impacts to the coastal California gnatcatcher. All future projects, especially the 14 sites identified with habitat for the species, would be required to address any potential impacts to the species. As necessary, future projects will analyze direct, indirect, and cumulative biological impacts and will include specific mitigation or avoidance measures as suggested to offset impacts. Additionally, CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.4 notes that mitigation measures are not required for effects, which are not found to be significant. Since the Project is the adoption of a policy document and not an application for development of any particular parcel or site in the City or change in zoning, no impacts to the coastal California gnatcatcher were identified and no mitigation is required. However, it should be noted that clarifications and insignificant modifications to the negative declaration have been made to remove the Housing Element Update part of the Project. None of the clarifications and modifications are considered “substantial revisions” because they do not show that the Project has a new, avoidable significant effect and the City has determined that project revisions are not required to reduce potential effects to less than significant. None of the clarifications and modifications substantially modify the analysis or conclusions of the IS/ND, but they instead merely remove discussion of the Housing Element Update. As noted above, the clarified and modified Project would continue to result in no impacts without any need for mitigation. Response to Comment 2-5: Comments were provided regarding impacts on streams and associated natural communities. The commenter notes that the City consists of canyons of the San Pedro Hills; and within these canyons are streams, whether ephemeral, intermittent, or perennial. The commenter also provides suggested mitigation measures and recommendations regarding perceived impacts to these noted streams. All future projects would be treated as individual projects and may be subject to specific environmental analysis including potential impacts on streams. All future projects, especially those in areas with streams (ephemeral, intermittent, or perennial) would be required to prepare hydrology reports and / or obtain appropriate permits in order to evaluate potential impacts on these watercourses and permit any potential impacts. As necessary, future projects will analyze direct, indirect, and cumulative biological impacts and will include specific mitigation or avoidance measures as suggested to offset impacts. Additionally, CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.4 notes that mitigation measures are not required for effects, which are not found to be significant. Since the Project is the adoption of a policy document and not an application for development of any particular parcel or site in the City or change in zoning, no impacts to streams were identified and no mitigation is required. However, it should be noted that clarifications and insignificant modifications to the negative declaration have been made to remove the Housing Element Update part of the Project. None of the clarifications and modifications are considered “substantial revisions” because they do not show that the Project has a new, avoidable significant effect and the City has determined that project revisions are not required to reduce potential effects to less than significant. None of the clarifications and modifications substantially modify the analysis or conclusions of the IS/ND, but they instead merely remove discussion of the Housing Element Update. As noted above, the clarified and modified Project would continue to result in no impacts without any need for mitigation. 410 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 42 Response to Comment 2-6: The commenter raises concerns regarding potential impacts to nesting birds and noted that all 20 of the sites identified for potential development contain vegetation suitable as habitat for nesting birds and raptors. The commenter also provided suggested mitigation measures for perceived impacts to nesting birds. All future projects would be treated as individual projects and may be subject to specific environmental analysis, including potential impacts to nesting birds and / or raptors. All future projects, especially those removing potential habitat for bird and raptor species, would be required to address any potential impacts. As necessary, future projects will analyze direct, indirect, and cumulative biological impacts and will include specific mitigation or avoidance measures as suggested to offset impacts. Additionally, CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.4, notes that mitigation measures are not required for effects, which are not found to be significant. Since the Project is the adoption of a policy document and not an application for development of any particular parcel or site in the City or change in zoning, no impacts to birds were identified and no mitigation is required. However, it should be noted that clarifications and insignificant modifications to the negative declaration have been made to remove the Housing Element Update part of the Project. None of the clarifications and modifications are considered “substantial revisions” because they do not show that the Project has a new, avoidable significant effect and the City has determined that project revisions are not required to reduce potential effects to less than significant. None of the clarifications and modifications substantially modify the analysis or conclusions of the IS/ND, but they instead merely remove discussion of the Housing Element Update. As noted above, the clarified and modified Project would continue to result in no impacts without any need for mitigation. Response to Comment 2-7: The commenter raises concern regarding potential impacts to bats and noted that all 20 of the sites identified for potential development contain vegetation suitable roosting habitat for bats. The commenter also provided suggested mitigation measures for perceived impacts to bat species. All future projects would be treated as individual projects and may be subject to specific environmental analysis, including potential impacts to bats. All future projects, especially those removing potential roosting habitat for bats, would be required to address any potential impacts to the species. As necessary, future projects will analyze direct, indirect, and cumulative biological impacts and will include specific mitigation or avoidance measures as suggested to offset impacts. Additionally, CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.4 notes that mitigation measures are not required for effects, which are not found to be significant. Since the Project is the adoption of a policy document and not an application for development of any particular parcel or site in the City or change in zoning, no impacts to bats were identified and no mitigation is required. However, it should be noted that clarifications and insignificant modifications to the negative declaration have been made to remove the Housing Element Update part of the Project. None of the clarifications and modifications are considered “substantial revisions” because they do not show that the Project has a new, avoidable significant effect and the City has determined that project revisions are not required to reduce potential effects to less than significant. None of the clarifications and modifications substantially modify the analysis or conclusions of the IS/ND, but they instead merely remove discussion of the Housing Element Update. As noted above, the clarified and modified Project would continue to result in no impacts without any need for mitigation. Response to Comment 2-8: The commenter provides further recommendations that information developed in CEQA documents be included in databases (i.e., California Natural Diversity Database) for use in future CEQA documents. Additionally, the commenter recommends that the City include the 411 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 43 mitigation measures mentioned in the comment letter and provide a Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program (MMRP). Any future development would provide information to appropriate databases as necessary. Additionally, any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. As previously noted, CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.4 notes that mitigation measures are not required for effects, which are not found to be significant. Since the Project is the adoption of a policy document and not an application for development of any particular parcel or site in the City or change in zoning, no impacts were identified and no mitigation is required. However, it should be noted that clarifications and insignificant modifications to the negative declaration have been made to remove the Housing Element Update part of the Project. None of the clarifications and modifications are considered “substantial revisions” because they do not show that the Project has a new, avoidable significant effect and the City has determined that project revisions are not required to reduce potential effects to less than significant. None of the clarifications and modifications substantially modify the analysis or conclusions of the IS/ND, but they instead merely remove discussion of the Housing Element Update. As noted above, the clarified and modified Project would continue to result in no impacts without any need for mitigation. Response to Comment 2-9: The commenter notes that the proposed Project is required to pay the CDFW filing fees. No development projects are proposed at this time or with implementation of the Project. The Project is the adoption of the Safety Element Update. The SEU is a policy document and does not include any changes to land use designations, zoning, building heights and intensities, or residential densities. Therefore, the Project is the adoption of a policy document and not an application for development of any particular parcel or site in the City. Nevertheless, as directed by the CDFW, filing fees will be submitted at the time the Notice of Determination is filed. Response to Comment 2-10: The commenter concludes the comment letter and provides references and attachments associated with the comment letter. The attachments have been reviewed as part of the responses to comments as above, and no further response is required. 412 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 44 413 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 45 414 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 46 RESPONSE TO COMMENT LETTER 3 Commenter: Mandy Huffman, Environmental Planner, Facilities Planning Department, Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts Date of Letter: February 7, 2022 Response to Comment 3-1: The commenter acknowledges receipt of the environmental document and provides details regarding the wastewater conveyance system in the area. However, the commenter notes that since local collectors and/or lateral sewer lines are the responsibility of the jurisdiction, the Districts cannot provide information on deficiencies in the area. This comment is noted, and no response is required. Response to Comment 3-2: The commenter states that the Districts should review projects within the City to ensure sufficient capacity. Future Projects will be evaluated as necessary to determine available sewer capacity. This comment is noted, and no further response is required. Response to Comment 3-3: The commenter provides the full and average available capacity of the Joint Water Pollution Control Plant, with information on how to estimate wastewater produced by a project. The commenter also notes that future projects will be required to pay any necessary connection fees. This comment is noted, and no further response is required. Response to Comment 3-4: The commenter discusses compliance with the Clean Air Act and notes that facility capacities are based on SCAG growth forecasts. The commenter notes that this letter does not constitute a guarantee of wastewater service but provides advice for future developers. This comment is noted, and no further response is required. Response to Comment 3-5: The commenter states that use of septic systems would have no effect on wastewater facilities and provides contact information for questions related to the letter. This comment is noted, and no further response is required. 415 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 47 416 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 48 417 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 49 RESPONSE TO COMMENT LETTER 4 Commenter: Ronald M. Durbin, Chief – Forestry Division, Prevention Services Bureau, County of Los Angeles Fire Department Date of Letter: February 8, 2022 Response to Comment 4-1: The commenter acknowledges receipt of the environmental document and lists the departments that reviewed the document and provided comments. This comment is noted, and no further response is required. Response to Comment 4-2: The comment from the Planning Division states that the Planning Division has no comments. This comment is noted, and no further response is required. Response to Comment 4-3: The comment from the Land Development Unit states that in the event any structures or improvements are conducted, they must comply with applicable codes and ordinances. Any future development would comply with all applicable codes and ordinances. No further response is required. Response to Comment 4-4: The comment from the Forestry Division – Other Environmental Concerns discusses compliance with the Forestry Division, including erosion control, watershed management, rare and endangered species, vegetation and fuel, archeological and cultural resources, and the County Oak Tree Ordinance. The comment also includes detail regarding the County Oak Tree Ordinance and when an Oak tree permit is required. The Project does not include cutting, destroying, removing, or relocating of any Oak trees. If any future projects require such actions, a permit will be obtained. No further response is required. Response to Comment 4-5: The commenter states that the Health Hazardous Materials Division has no comments. This comment is noted, and no further response is required. 418 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 50 SECTION 6.0 – ERRATA TO THE DRAFT NEGATIVE DECLARATION An errata was prepared for the Draft IS/ND and is included as Appendix A of this document. The changes to the IS/ND do not affect the overall conclusions of the environmental document; the analysis of the environmental impacts of the Safety Element Update are fully covered in the previously circulated Draft IS/ND. The changes that have been made to the Draft IS/ND in the errata do not constitute a “substantial revision” to the IS/ND because the revisions (1) do not identify a new, avoidable significant effect and mitigation measure or project revisions that must be added in order to reduce the effect to insignificance; or (2) do not result in a change to any mitigation measures that were previously disclosed (none were). (State CEQA Guidelines, section 15073.5.) Because the project revisions do not result in any new avoidable significant effects, recirculation is not required. (Ibid.) The errata was prepared to clarify and modify the Project. 419 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 51 SECTION 7.0 – NEGATIVE DECLARATION This document, along with the Draft Initial Study/Negative Declaration, and errata to the Draft Initial Study/Negative Declaration constitute the Final Negative Declaration for the City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Project in the City of Rolling Hills. Pursuant to Section 21082.1 of the California Environmental Quality Act, the City of Rolling Hills has independently reviewed and analyzed the Initial Study and Negative Declaration for the proposed Project and finds that these documents reflect the independent judgment of the City of Rolling Hills. Signature Date Printed Name Title 420 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 51 21330 SECTION 8.0 – REFERENCES California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) 2011 Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones in LRA: Rolling Hills. Available online at: https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/5840/rolling_hills.pdf. California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) 2021 EnviroStor. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/?myaddress=rolling+hills%2C+CA. City of Rolling Hills 2022 Draft Negative Declaration for the City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update. Available online at: https://www.rolling-hills.org/21330%20- %20Rolling%20Hills%20IS_011022.pdf. January 2022. Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) 2020 The 2020-2045 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy of the Southern California Association Of Governments: Connect SoCal. Available online at: https://scag.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/0903fconnectsocal- plan_0.pdf?1606001176. 421 APPENDIX A – Errata to the Draft IS/ND 422 ERRATA FOR THE CITY OF ROLLING SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE INITIAL STUDY AND NEGATIVE DECLARATION Prepared for: CITY OF ROLLING HILLS No. 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, CA 90274 Contact: John F. Signo, AICP (310) 377-1521 Prepared by: CHAMBERS GROUP, INC. 600 West Broadway #250 Glendale, CA 91204 (213) 623-1859 March 2022 423 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 1 21330 BACKGROUND An Initial Study Negative Declaration (IS/ND) was prepared for both the Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update for the City of Rolling Hills. On January 13, 2022, the City of Rolling Hills circulated a Draft IS/ND to public agencies and the general public. In accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Section 21091 and State CEQA Guidelines Section 15073, a 30-day public review period for the Draft IS/ND was provided from January 13, 2022 to February 12, 2022. The City has not yet received comments back from the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) on the Housing Element Update, and does not wish to approve the Housing Element Update without such comments. The City has removed the Housing Element Update from the Project (and associated IS/ND). The changes to the IS/ND do not affect the overall conclusions of the environmental document; the analysis of the Safety Element Update is wholly bounded by the analysis and findings in the previously circulated Draft IS/ND. This errata has been prepared to clarify and modify the Project. PURPOSE OF ERRATA The CEQA Guidelines Section 15073.5 requires that a lead agency recirculate a negative declaration “when the document must be substantially revised.” A “substantial revision” includes: (1) identification of a new, avoidable significant effect requiring mitigation measures or project revisions, and/or (2) determination that proposed mitigation measures or project revisions will not reduce potential effects to less than significance and new measures and revisions must be required. The CEQA Guidelines specify situations in which recirculation of a negative declaration is not required. This includes, but is not limited to, situations in which “new information is added to the negative declaration which merely clarifies, amplifies, or makes insignificant modifications to the negative declaration.” This errata addresses technical changes on the IS/ND. None of the clarifications and insignificant modifications are considered “substantial revisions” because they do not show that the Project has a new, avoidable significant effect and the City has determined that Project revisions are not required to reduce potential effects to less than significant. None of the clarifications and modifications substantially modify the analysis or conclusions of the IS/ND, but they instead merely remove discussion of the Housing Element Update. As noted above, the clarified and modified Project would continue to result in no impacts without any need for mitigation. The overall findings and analysis do not change. Recirculation of the negative declaration is therefore not required in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15073.5. Changes to the text are noted with underline (for added text) or strikeout type (for deleted text). The full modified Negative Declaration is provided below. 424 DRAFT NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS 2021-2029 HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE AND SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE Prepared for: CITY OF ROLLING HILLS No. 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, CA 90274 Contact: John F. Signo, AICP (310) 377-1521 Prepared by: CHAMBERS GROUP, INC. 500 West Broadway #250 Glendale, CA 91204 (213) 623-1859 January March 2022 425 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page SECTION 1.0 – PROJECT OVERVIEW ...................................................................................................... 1 SECTION 2.0 – PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND SETTING ............................................................................ 2 2.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................. 2 2.1.1 Housing Element Update ................................................................................................. 2 2.1.2 Safety Element Update .................................................................................................... 2 2.2 SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE ............................................................................................................ 2 2.2.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 2 2.2.2 Safety Element Overview ................................................................................................. 3 2.2.3 Goals and Policies ............................................................................................................ 4 2.3 HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE ........................................................................................................ 6 2.3.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 6 2.3.2 Housing Element Overview .............................................................................................. 6 2.3.3 Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) .................................................................... 7 2.3.4 Summary of Ability to Meet RHNA .................................................................................. 7 2.3.5 2021-2029 Goals and Policies .......................................................................................... 8 SECTION 3.0 – ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATION .............................................................................. 9 3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: ................................................................ 9 3.2 DETERMINATION .......................................................................................................................... 9 SECTION 4.0 – EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS .............................................................. 10 SECTION 5.0 – CHECKLIST OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ........................................................................ 1 5.1 AESTHETICS ................................................................................................................................... 1 5.1.1 Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................ 1 5.2 AGRICULTURE & FORESTRY RESOURCES ...................................................................................... 2 5.2.1 Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................ 3 5.3 AIR QUALITY .................................................................................................................................. 3 5.3.1 Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................ 4 5.4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES .............................................................................................................. 5 5.4.1 Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................ 6 5.5 CULTURAL RESOURCES ................................................................................................................. 7 5.5.1 Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................ 8 5.6 ENERGY ......................................................................................................................................... 8 5.6.1 Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................ 8 5.7 GEOLOGY AND SOILS .................................................................................................................... 9 5.7.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 10 5.8 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ................................................................................................... 12 5.8.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 13 426 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 iii 5.9 HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ................................................................................... 13 5.9.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 14 5.10 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY ............................................................................................ 16 5.10.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 17 5.11 LAND USE AND PLANNING ......................................................................................................... 19 5.11.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 19 5.12 MINERAL RESOURCES ................................................................................................................. 19 5.12.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 20 5.13 NOISE .......................................................................................................................................... 20 5.13.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 20 5.14 POPULATION AND HOUSING ...................................................................................................... 21 5.14.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 21 5.15 PUBLIC SERVICES ......................................................................................................................... 22 5.15.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 22 5.16 RECREATION ............................................................................................................................... 24 5.16.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 24 5.17 TRANSPORTATION ...................................................................................................................... 25 5.17.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 25 5.18 TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES ................................................................................................... 26 5.18.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 26 5.19 UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS ............................................................................................... 27 5.19.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 28 5.20 WILDFIRE .................................................................................................................................... 29 5.20.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 30 5.21 MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE ................................................................................. 31 5.21.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 32 SECTION 6.0 – REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 33 LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX A – Safety Element Update Housing Element Update APPENDIX B – Tribal Consultation Responses Safety Element Update APPENDIX C – Tribal Consultation Responses 427 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 iv LIST OF TABLES Page Table 2.2-1: Summary of Ability to Meet RHNA ........................................................................................... 8 LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 2.1-1: Project Location ....................................................................................................................... 5 428 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 1 CHAPTER 1.0 – PROJECT OVERVIEW Project Title: City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Project Location: Citywide. Rolling Hills is located in Los Angeles County, on the Palos Verdes Peninsula (See Figure 2.2-1: Project Location.) Lead agency name and address: City of Rolling Hills No. 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, CA 90274 Contact person and phone number: John F. Signo, AICP, Director of Planning and Community Services phone: (310) 377-1521 email: jsigno@cityofrh.net Project sponsor’s name and address: City of Rolling Hills No. 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, CA 90274 General Plan Description: Citywide Zoning: Citywide; No proposed zoning changes Approvals Required: Pursuant to State law, the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) is empowered to review the housing element of each community to ensure its compliance with the provisions of the Government Code related to facilitating the improvement and development of housing in order to make adequate provisions for the housing needs of all economic segments of the community. HCD has review but not approval authority. Prior to adoption of the Safety Element, coordination and feedback from Los Angeles County Fire Department, Rolling Hills Community Association, and the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department is required. The City Council will need to adopt the Negative Declaration for the Housing Element and Safety Element Updates. No other approvals will be required. Project Description Summary: The Project is the Sixth Cycle, 2021-2029 Housing Element Update of the City of Rolling Hills General Plan and an update to the City of Rolling Hills’s Safety Element to address various natural and human-caused hazards the City has dealt with, including earthquakes, wildfires, droughts, and land movement. The Housing Element and Safety Element Updates is are a policy updates only, and no specific development is proposed at this time. See further discussion under Section 2.0, “Project Description and Setting.” 429 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 2 CHAPTER 2.0 – PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND SETTING 2.1 INTRODUCTION The City of Rolling Hills (City) is a rural, equestrian residential community, consisting entirely of large lot residential parcels of one acre or more. The community encompasses 2.99 square miles of land (approximately 1,910 acres) on the Palos Verdes Peninsula in the County of Los Angeles (Figure 2.2-1: Project Location). The City’s General Plan was drafted and adopted in 1990. The City is proposing updates to both the Housing Element and Safety Element of the General Plan, two one of the six elements. A description of each of the updates is provided below. 2.1.1 Housing Element Update The 2020 Census indicates a citywide population of 1,739 residents, making the City the fifth smallest of the 88 cities in Los Angeles County. The City is proposing to adopt the Housing Element for the Sixth Cycle planning period from 2021 to 2029. The proposed Housing Element Update (HEU) is attached hereto as Appendix A. The Housing Element, which is part of the City’s General Plan, is a policy document designed to provide the City a coordinated and comprehensive strategy for promoting the production of safe, decent, and affordable housing within the community. California Government Code Section 65580 states the following regarding the importance of creating housing elements: The availability of housing is of vital statewide importance, and the early attainment of decent housing and a suitable living environment for every Californian, including farmworkers, is a priority of the highest order. Per State law, the housing element has two main purposes: 1. To provide an assessment of both current and future housing needs and constraints in meeting these needs; and 2. To provide a strategy that establishes housing goals, policies, and programs. 2.1.2 Safety Element Update The Safety Element Update (SEU), (Appendix AB) provides the City’s goals, policies, and actions to minimize the hazards to safety in and around the City. The SEU evaluates natural and human-caused safety hazards that affect existing and future development and provides guidelines for protecting the community from harm. The SEU describes existing and potential future conditions and sets policies for improved public safety. The goal of the SEU is to reduce the risk of injury, death, property loss, and other hardships to acceptable levels. A detailed description of the update is provided below. 2.2 SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE 2.2.1 Background Throughout its history as a city, the City has dealt with various natural hazards, including earthquakes, wildfires, droughts, and land movement. Developments in high landslide areas have occurred, and the City has been identified as being located in a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ). As a result, 430 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 3 the City has amended its building and safety codes to include special requirements such as fire-rated materials for new construction and a requirement for geotechnical studies in active fault zones. 2.2.2 Safety Element Overview The City’s SEU addresses hazards of concern relevant to the City and provides goals, policies, and implementation measures to minimize these hazards. Figures 2 through 6 of the SEU show exact locations of these hazards, which are described in the following paragraphs. Landslide Hazards Much of the existing development in the City is located on hilly terrain and has a greater potential to experience landslide hazards. Many of the canyons in the City exhibit steep slopes with little vegetation coverage, leaving them susceptible to slope failure. Seismic Hazards The City is in a seismically active region of southern California. The last major earthquake in the Los Angeles area was the 5.1 magnitude La Habra earthquake in 2014. The City is within 50 miles of the Whittier fault, Newport-Inglewood fault, Palos Verdes fault, Malibu Coast fault, Cabrillo fault, Santa Monica fault, and Redondo Canyon fault. Analysis of seismic data from the region indicates that the Whittier and Newport-Inglewood faults may generate a maximum credible earthquake of magnitude 7.2 and 7.4, respectively. The earthquake shaking potential for the City is moderate. A number of seismically active faults are present in the City and region; however, none are active faults with the potential for ground rupture, defined by the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act and delineated by California Geological Survey. The City has a low potential for liquefaction, as the subsurface soils generally lack saturated alluvial deposits and thick, granular soils. Flooding The City is not in any immediate risk from flooding caused by overflowing water bodies or heavy rains. However, runoff and minor flooding pose a risk if drainage systems fail along canyon bottoms, where natural drainage leads. Due to dam locations and the topography of the area, the inundation areas do not enter or affect any portion of the City. Wildland and Urban Fires The entire City is designated a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE 2011). The terrain in the City is composed of several large and steep canyons that limit and challenge vegetation management and present conditions where a fire can quickly travels up and downslope to nearby homes. Due to the rural nature and large residential lots, many homes are surrounded by more substantial vegetation and dense brush than in more suburban settings. 431 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 4 Hazardous Materials According to the Department of Substances Control (DTSC 2021), no hazardous waste sites or facilities are present in the City. The City and surrounding area do not contain heavy industrial uses that would create a hazardous material risk in the event of a spill, release, or natural disaster. 2.2.3 Goals and Policies Similar to the HEU, The SEU is a policy document; no actual development or rezoning of parcels is included as part of the approval. In addition to goals and policies, the SEU includes implementation measures for action items for the City. The goals, policies, and implementation for hazard mitigation, community communication, and climate change adaptation and resilience are listed at the end of the SEU. 432 CrestRdSilverS purRd I n d i a n P e akRd Palos Verdes Dr N W 1st S t PalosVerdes Dr S Mi ral esteDrPalosVerdesDrERollingHillsRdCrestridge Rd CrenshawBlvdUV107 SanBernardino Kern SanLuisObispo Ventura Santa Barbara RiversideOrange Los Angeles San Diego 1:200,000 1:5,000,000 Figure 2.1-1 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Project Location Name: 21300 PLAN Fig 2.1-1 Project Location.Mxd Print Date: 12/6/2021 9:44:35 AM Author: pcarlos 0 2,000 4,0001,000 Feet ´ Project Location Project Location 433 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 6 2.3 HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE 2.3.1 Background The City’s Housing Element serves as an integrated part of the General Plan and is subject to detailed statutory requirements, including a requirement to be updated every eight years and mandatory review by the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD). This action includes the adoption of the HEU, which is a policy document; no actual development or rezoning of parcels is included as part of the HEU. The proposed HEU is an eight-year plan for the 2021-2029 period. Pursuant to Government Code Section 65583, a housing element is required to consist of an identification and analysis of existing and projected housing needs and a statement of goals, policies, quantified objectives, financial resources, and scheduled programs for the preservation, improvement, and development of housing. Specifically, a housing element is required to contain the following:  An assessment of housing needs and an inventory of resources and constraints relevant to meeting those needs (Government Code Section 65583[a])  A statement of the community’s goals, quantified objectives, and policies relative to the maintenance, preservation, improvement, and development of housing (Government Code Section 65583[a])  A program that sets forth a schedule of actions during the planning period, each with a timeline for implementation of the policies and to achieve the goals and objectives of the housing element (Government Code Section 65583[c]) Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) began the Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) process for the Sixth Cycle in Fall 2019, exploring different methodologies for allocating the regional need to individual cities and counties. As other cities began work on their Sixth Cycle Elements, the City was required to first amend its Fifth Cycle Element to accommodate both the current (Fifth) cycle and the prior (Fourth) cycle RHNA allocations due to its noncompliant status. The combined RHNA for the two cycles was 28 units. Accommodating this need meant that City was also required to amend its General Plan and zoning to create additional housing capacity. The Fifth Cycle Housing Element was adopted June 14, 2021. The Fifth Cycle Housing Element was submitted to HCD and found to be in compliance on July 7, 2021. As a result of the compliance determination, the City does not have to carry over its prior allocation and may plan only for the 45 units identified in the Sixth Cycle RHNA. 2.3.2 Housing Element Overview The City’s HEU consists of the following major components:  A review of the prior housing element and goals that were accomplished (Section 2, Evaluation of Prior Housing Element) 434 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 7  An assessment of housing needs in the City including profile and analysis of the City’s demographics, housing characteristics, and existing and future housing needs (Section 3, Housing Needs Assessment)  An assessment of resources available to meet the City’s objectives regarding housing production and preservation. Resources include land available for new construction and redevelopment, as well as financial and administrative resources available (Section 4, Housing Sites)  A review of the constraints to housing production and preservation. Constraints include potential market, governmental policy, and environmental limitations to meeting the City’s identified housing needs (Section 5, Constraints to Housing Production)  A statement of the housing plan to address the City’s identified housing needs, including housing goals, policies, and programs (Section 6, Housing Goals, Policies, Objectives, and Programs) 2.3.3 Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) State housing element law requires housing elements to be updated regularly to reflect a community’s changing housing needs, including preparation of a RHNA plan [Government Code Section 65584(a)]. A critical measure of compliance is the ability of a jurisdiction to accommodate its share of the regional housing needs based on a RHNA prepared by HCD for each Council of Governments in the state that identifies projected housing units needed for all economic segments based on Department of Finance population estimates. The SCAG is responsible for allocating this total to each of the six counties and 191 cities in the SCAG area. This process is known as the RHNA and occurs every eight years. SCAG calculates each city and county’s “fair share” of the regional need using a computer model that weighs factors such as existing population and employment, growth potential, proximity to transit, and social equity. For each jurisdiction, SCAG distributes the RHNA among four different income groups. This ensures that each city or county is planning for housing that meet the needs of all economic segments of the community, including lower income households. For the City, the RHNA for 2021-2029 is 45 units (SCAG 2020). This includes 20 very low income units, 9 low income units, 11 moderate income units, and 5 above moderate income units. The 2021-2029 Housing Element demonstrates that the City has the capacity to accommodate this assignment. 2.3.4 Summary of Ability to Meet RHNA As shown in Table 2.3-1 below, the combination of recently approved housing units (expected to be occupied in 2022), future affordable units on the Rancho Del Mar site 1, and new accessory dwelling units (ADUs) can accommodate the RHNA allocation in all income categories. The table illustrates a surplus capacity of seven lower income units based on projected ADU production over the planning period. 1 In March 2021, the City adopted an Affordable Housing Overlay Zone on the 31-acre Palos Verdes Peninsula Unified School District (PVPUSD) property located at 38 Crest Road (Rancho Del Mar site). Although the site is technically non-vacant, roughly three-quarters of the property (23 acres) is open space. The remaining areas are underutilized and could be repurposed. Consistent with the General Plan and Zoning amendments completed in 2021, the site is viable for 16 units of low/very low income housing. 435 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 8 Table 2.3-1: Summary of Ability to Meet RHNA Income Category Total Extremely Low/ Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Approved Development - 2 3 7* 12 Vacant Residential Lots - - - 20 20 Rancho Del Mar Site 8 8 - - 16 Accessory Dwelling Units 12 6 8 14 40 TOTALS 20 16 11 41 88 RHNA 20 9 11 5 45 Surplus/Deficit 0 +7 0 +36 +43 Adequate Sites? YES YES YES YES YES Notes: Includes 3 new homes and 4 ADU’s 2.3.5 2021-2029 Goals and Policies As previously mentioned, based on the City’s ability to meet RHNA allocation as described above, the HEU is a policy document; no actual development nor rezoning of parcels is included as part of the approval. The housing goals, policies, objectives, and programs which can be found in Chapter 6 of the HEU reflect the City’s continued commitment to actively support residential development and plan for the City’s fair share of regional housing needs. 436 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 9 CHAPTER 3.0 – ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATION 3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: The environmental factors checked below would potentially be affected by this project, involving at least one impact that is a “Potentially Significant Impact," as indicated by the checklists on the following pages. For each of the potentially affected factors, mitigation measures are recommended that would reduce the impacts to less than significant levels. Aesthetics Agriculture and Forestry Resources Air Quality Biological Resources Cultural Resources Energy Geology /Soils Greenhouse Gas Emissions Hazards & Hazardous Materials Hydrology /Water Quality Land Use / Planning Mineral Resources Noise Population / Housing Public Services Recreation Transportation Tribal Cultural Resources Utilities /Service Systems Wildfire Mandatory Findings of Significance 3.2 DETERMINATION On the basis of this initial evaluation: 1. I find that the project could not have a significant effect on the environment, and a NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. 2. I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, there will not be a significant effect in this case because revisions in the project have been made by or agreed to by the project proponent. A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. 3. I find the proposed project may have a significant effect on the environment, and an ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required. 4. I find that the proposed project may have a “potentially significant impact” or “potentially significant unless mitigated impact” on the environment, but at least one effect (1) has been adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and (2) has been addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis as described on attached sheets. An ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required, but it must analyze only the effects that remain to be addressed. 5. I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, because all potentially significant effects (a) have been analyzed adequately in an earlier EIR or Negative Declaration pursuant to applicable standards, and (b) have been avoided or mitigated pursuant to that earlier EIR or Negative Declaration, including revisions or mitigation measures that are imposed upon the proposed project, nothing further is required. January 10March 28, 2022 Signature Date John F. Signo, AICP Director of Planning and Community Services Name Title 437 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 10 CHAPTER 4.0 – EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 1. A brief explanation is required for all answers except “No Impact” answers that are adequately supported by the information sources a lead agency cites. A “No Impact” answer is adequately supported if the referenced information sources show that the impact simply does not apply to projects like the one involved (e.g., the project falls outside a fault rupture zone). A “No Impact” answer should be explained where it is based on project-specific factors as well as general standards (e.g., the project will not expose sensitive receptors to pollutants, based on a project-specific screening analysis). 2. All answers must take account of the whole action involved, including offsite as well as onsite, cumulative as well as project-level, indirect as well as direct, and construction as well as operational impacts. 3. Once the lead agency has determined that a particular physical impact may occur, then the checklist answers must indicate whether the impact is potentially significant, less than significant with mitigation, or less than significant. “Potentially Significant Impact” is appropriate if substantial evidence exists that an effect may be significant. If one or more “Potentially Significant Impact” entries are marked when the determination is made, an EIR is required. 4. “Negative Declaration: Less Than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated” applies where the incorporation of mitigation measures has reduced an effect from “Potentially Significant Impact” to a “Less Than Significant Impact.” The lead agency must describe the mitigation measures and briefly explain how they reduce the effect to a less than significant level (mitigation measures from earlier analyses may be cross-referenced). 5. Earlier analyses may be used where, pursuant to the tiering, program EIR, or other California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) process, an effect has been adequately analyzed in an earlier Environmental Impact Report (EIR) or negative declaration. Section 15063(c)(3)(D). In this case, a brief discussion should identify the following: a. Earlier Analysis Used. Identify and state where they are available for review. b. Impacts Adequately Addressed. Identify which effects from the above checklist were within the scope of and adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and state whether such effects were addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis. c. Mitigation Measures. For effects that are “Less than Significant with Mitigation Measures Incorporated,” describe the mitigation measures which were incorporated or refined from the earlier document and the extent to which they address site-specific conditions for the project. 6. Lead agencies are encouraged to incorporate into the checklist references to information sources for potential impacts (e.g., general plans, zoning ordinances). Reference to a previously prepared or outside document should, where appropriate, include a reference to the page or pages where the statement is substantiated. 438 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 11 7. Supporting Information Sources: A source list should be attached, and other sources used or individuals contacted should be cited in the discussion. 8. The explanation of each issue should identify: a. the significance criteria or threshold, if any, used to evaluate each question; and b. the mitigation measure identified, if any, to reduce the impact to less than significant. 439 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 1 CHAPTER 5.0 – CHECKLIST OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 5.1 AESTHETICS 1. AESTHETICS. Except as provided in Public Resources Code Section 21099, would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? (b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? (c) In non-urbanized areas, substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible vantage point). If the project is in an urbanized area, would the project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality? (d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? 5.1.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? b) Would the project substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? No Impact. The HEU and SEU are is aboth policy documents and does not include any changes to land use designations, zoning, building heights and intensities, or residential densities. Further, the Housing Element and Safety Element includes policies intended to continue to make the City a safe and desirable place to work and live. All future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to scenic vistas. Additionally, no officially designated State scenic highway is located in the City (Caltrans 2021). Potential aesthetic- related impacts are unique to a project’s location and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project site has been defined. Any future development would be subject to the City’s zoning requirements, and any potentially significant impacts identified would be addressed through mitigation measures specific to the impact. The Project would result in no impacts to scenic vistas or scenic resources within a State scenic highway. c) Would the project, in non-urbanized areas, substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible vantage point). If the project is in an urbanized area, would the project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality? No Impact. As previously mentioned, the Project would implement policies intended to continue to make the City a safe and desirable place to work and live including efforts such as development and landscaping policies, among others. The City’s current Zoning Code contains standards intended to preserve the natural beauty of the City and to maintain visual orderliness, including provisions related 440 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 2 to building standards (height, setbacks, intensities), screening of utilities in development, and outdoor improvements. All future development in the City would be required to comply with the provisions of the City’s Zoning Code and undergo project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts. The Project would result in no impacts to the visual character or quality of public views or conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality. d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? No Impact. Sources of light present throughout the City include residential uses of both interior and exterior lighting and vehicular traffic, while sources of glare include highly finished building materials such as glass, and roadway traffic. The Project consists of two a policy documents and would not directly enable construction or development. Nevertheless, all future residential development enabled by the City’s General Plan is anticipated to introduce light and glare sources typical of development; and all future development in the City would be subject to the City’s zoning requirements. The City’s current Zoning Code contains lighting requirements intended to maintain public health, safety, and welfare from noxious or offensive illumination, glare, or similar effects. All future development in the City would be required to comply with the provisions of the City’s Zoning Code and undergo project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts. The Project would result in no impact to the creation of light or glare that would adversely affect views. 5.2 AGRICULTURE & FORESTRY RESOURCES 2. AGRICULTURE & FOREST RESOURCES. (In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model (1997) prepared by the California Department of Conservation as an optional model to use in assessing impacts on agriculture and farmland. In determining whether impacts to forest resources, including timberland, are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to information compiled by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection regarding the state’s inventory of forest land, including the Forest and Range Assessment Project and the Forest Legacy Assessment project; and forest carbon measurement methodology provided in Forest Protocols adopted by the California Air Resources Board. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use? (b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? 441 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 3 (c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code section 51104(g))? (d) Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? (e) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non-agricultural use or the conversion of forest land to non-forest use? 5.2.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use? b) Would the project conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? c) Would the project conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code section 51104(g))? d) Would the project result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? e) Would the project involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non-agricultural use or the conversion of forest land to non-forest use? No Impact. The City does not contain any Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (DOC 2021a). Additionally, no land within the City is under a Williamson Act contract (DOC 2017). The Project involves updates to the City’s Housing Element and Safety Element, with no proposed changes to land use designations or zoning of parcels within the City. The City is a residential community, and no provisions contained in the Housing Element Update or the Safety Element Update would convert Prime Farmland or any farmland of unique or Statewide importance. Further, no development is proposed on forestland or timber property zoned Timberland Production. Any future development proposals would not conflict with an existing Williamson Act contract; that would result in the conversion of Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance to nonagricultural use or result in conversion or loss of forest land. Any future development on properties zoned agricultural would be analyzed in a future site-specific environmental document. Therefore, no impacts to agricultural or forestry resources would occur. 5.3 AIR QUALITY 3. AIR QUALITY. Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management district or air pollution control district may be relied upon to make the following determinations. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? 442 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 4 (b) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard? (c) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? (d) Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people? 5.3.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? b) Would the project result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard? No Impact. The City is located within the South Coast Air Basin, which is currently designated nonattainment for ozone and fine particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) (SCAQMD 1999). The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) prepared an air quality management plan (AQMP) for both pollutants in 2016 and is currently working on the 2022 AQMP (SCAQMD 2021). The Project would not directly result in construction or development activity, nor would it enable development beyond that which is currently provided for in the City’s General Plan. The number of residential units that could be developed under the HEU is consistent with the City’s current General Plan and zoning designations. Potential air quality-related impacts are location- specific and cannot be assessed in a meaningful way until the location of a project site is known. At such time that a development proposal is considered, that project will be subject to adopted development air quality standards; and any impacts identified with the development project will be addressed through mitigation measures specific to the impact. Short-term air quality impacts resulting from construction activities, such as dust generated by clearing and grading activities, exhaust emissions from gas- and diesel-powered construction equipment, and vehicular emissions associated with the commuting of construction workers, will be subject to SCAQMD air quality management plans identified above and all other relevant SCAQMD rules and regulations. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to implementation of any applicable air quality plan, nor would it result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the Project region is nonattainment under an applicable federal or State ambient air quality standard. c) Would the project expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? No Impact. As mentioned, the HEU and SEU are bothis a policy documents and does not include any changes to land use designations or zoning. Moreover, the Project does not directly enable construction or development activities. Potential air quality-related impacts are location-specific and cannot be assessed in a meaningful way until the location of a project site is known. The City’s General Plan and Municipal Code contain policies and measures related to maintaining air quality in residential neighborhoods, including protecting neighborhoods from air pollution-generating activities through site-specific environmental review and appropriate development buffers. At the time that a development proposal is considered, that project will be subject to the development review process, and any potentially significant impacts identified would be addressed through mitigation measures 443 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 5 specific to the impact. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to the exposure of sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations. d) Would the project result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people? No Impact. Impacts would be considered potentially significant if the Project were to result in the creation of objectionable odors with the potential to affect substantial numbers of people, or if construction or operation of the Project would result in the creation of nuisance odors that would be noxious to a substantial number of people. The City’s General Plan and Municipal Code contain policies and measures related to maintaining air quality in residential neighborhoods, including protecting neighborhoods from odor-generating activities through site-specific environmental review and appropriate development buffers. Residential development, such as that described in the HEU, is not a land use typically associated with odor complaints or noxious emissions. Moreover, tThe SEU contains policies to prevent health threats due to air quality impacts such as those associated with wildfire. The Project would not directly enable construction or development activities upon implementation. At the time that a development proposal is considered, that project will be subject to the development review process; and any potentially significant impacts identified would be addressed through mitigation measures specific to the impact. The Project would therefore not result in impacts related to emissions adversely affecting a substantial number of people. 5.4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES 4. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? (b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? (c) Have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? (d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? 444 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 6 4. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? (f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? 5.4.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modification, on any species identified as candidate, sensitive or special status species in local or regional plans, policies or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? No Impact. The City’s environs have the capacity to house a range of plant and wildlife species, including State and federally listed species. To protect candidate, sensitive, or special status species all future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts. Potential impacts related to biological resources are unique to a project’s location and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project site has been defined. Any future development would be subject to federal, State, regional, and local regulatory requirements related to biological resources. Further, the HEU and SEU includes policies intended to lessen impacts to biological resources, including policies to minimize housing construction in environmentally sensitive areas and policies for climate change adaptation and resiliency. Additionally, future projects would be evaluated by the City for their compliance with goals, policies, and measures contained in the City’s General Plan intended to mitigate potential impacts to natural and biological resources, including those contained in the Open Space and Conservation Element. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts on any candidate, sensitive, or special status species. b) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? c) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands (including but not limited to marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? No Impact. A substantial amount of land in the City is constrained from development due to steep hillsides and canyons, many of which contain intermittently flooded riparian and wetland habitat (USFWS 2021). However, the HEU and SEU are bothis a policy documents and would not directly enable construction or development activity. Potential impacts related to sensitive natural communities, such as riparian or wetland habitats, are unique to a project’s location and cannot be 445 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 7 meaningfully determined until a project site has been defined. Thus, all future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project- specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts on any riparian habitat, other sensitive natural communities, or on State or federally protected wetlands. d) Would the project Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? No Impact. The City is a heavily landscaped residential community interspersed with undeveloped steep hillsides and canyons (City 1990). Within these undeveloped areas, the potential exists for nesting birds and other species to occur. Nonetheless, the HEU and SEU are is a policy documents consistent with the City’s General Plan and does not propose any land use or zoning changes. Further, future development will require site-specific environmental analysis. Potential environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts to the movement of native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species, corridors, or nursery sites. e) Would the project conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? f) Would the project conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Conservancy Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? No Impact. The County of Los Angeles’s Significant Ecological Area (SEA) Program was originally established as a part of the 1980 County General Plan, to help conserve the genetic and physical diversity in the County. The SEA Ordinance, which codified the SEA Program, establishes the permitting, design standards and review process for development within SEAs. The City contains portions of the Palos Verdes Peninsula and Coastline SEA; however, only areas within unincorporated Los Angeles County are subject to this ordinance. Further, policies and programs of the HEU promote infill housing including ADUs. No development would occur pursuant to the SEU. Any development that occurs pursuant to HEU or SEU policies will occur in already disturbed areas of the community and will be reviewed and processed in accordance with City planning policies. Therefore, the Project would not conflict with any local policies, ordinances, or plans protecting biological resources; and no impacts would occur. 5.5 CULTURAL RESOURCES 5. CULTURAL RESOURCES. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant to §15064.5? 446 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 8 (b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to §15064.5? c) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? 5.5.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant to §15064.5? b) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to §15064.5? c) Would the project disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? No Impact. The Project involves adoption of two a policy documents, the HEU and SEU, which does not directly propose any ground disturbance. Potential impacts related to cultural resources are unique to a project’s location and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project site has been defined. Thus, all future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts. Future development would be subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to the discovery and proper handling of cultural and historic resources, including Public Resource Code (PRC) Section 211083.2, which requires avoidance and other measures in the event of discovery. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, no impacts to cultural resources would occur with implementation of the Project. 5.6 ENERGY 6. ENERGY Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation? (b) Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency? 5.6.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation? No Impact. The HEU and SEU are is consistent with the City’s General Plan and contain policies to conserve energy resources. However, potential impacts related to energy resources are unique to a project and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project has been defined. The HEU also seeks to conserve energy through public education on the reduction of residential energy use. Any future development would also be subject to individual review for compliance with federal, State, and local 447 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 9 regulatory requirements related to energy efficiency. Future development projects would incorporate site-specific infrastructure improvements, as necessary, and would be reviewed by relevant energy providers to identify necessary energy facility and service connections. Additionally, future projects would be evaluated by the City for their compliance with goals, policies, and measures contained in the City’s General Plan intended to mitigate potential impacts to energy resources. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, no impacts would occur. b) Would the project conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency? No Impact. Any future development in the City would be subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to energy efficiency. Additionally, goals, policies, and programs related to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (as discussed in Section 5.8: Greenhouse Gas Emissions) are closely related to reducing energy consumption through the use of alternative forms of energy or sustainable design features. Future projects would be evaluated by the City for their compliance with goals, policies, and measures contained in the City’s General Plan intended to mitigate potential impacts to energy resources. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, no impacts would occur. 5.7 GEOLOGY AND SOILS 7. GEOLOGY AND SOILS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42. ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? iv) Landslides? (b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? (c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? 448 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 10 7. GEOLOGY AND SOILS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18- 1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property? (e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water? (f) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geological feature? 5.7.1 Impact Analysis a) i) Would the project directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42. ii) Would the project directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving strong seismic ground shaking? iii) Would the project directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? iv) Would the project directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving landslides? No Impact. Rolling Hills is in a seismically active region of southern California, with the Whittier fault, Newport-Inglewood fault, Palos Verdes fault, Malibu Coast fault, Cabrillo fault, Santa Monica fault, and Redondo Canyon fault all within 50 miles of the City. The closest active fault to the City is the Palos Verdes Fault, located within the City boundaries. While there are a number of seismically active faults in the City and region, there are no active faults with the potential for ground rupture, defined by the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act. The closest Alquist-Priolo Fault Zone is the Newport-Inglewood Fault approximately nine miles northeast of the City (City 1990). Regarding other geologic hazards, much of the existing development in Rolling Hills is located on hilly terrain highly susceptible to landslide risks. However, the potential for liquefaction, lateral spreading, and seismically induced dynamic settlement is low (City 1990). The SEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man-made hazards through a number of goals, policies, implementation programs, principles, and standards. Among these is Goal 1 of the SEU, which aims for “minimization of loss of life, injury, and property damage resulting from geologic hazards”. Additionally, the Project includes implementation of two a policy documents and no development is proposed at this time. All future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine that any potential impacts are less than significant. Any future development would be subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to building design and 449 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 11 construction. Any potentially significant impacts identified would be addressed through mitigation measures specific to the impact. Therefore, the Project would result in no impacts related to the direct or indirect cause of potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death, involving rupture of a known earthquake fault, strong seismic ground shaking, and seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction or landslides. b) Would the project result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? No Impact. The Project consists of two a policy documents and would not directly enable construction or development activities. Any future development in the City would be subject to State, regional, and local requirements related to the prevention of erosion of onsite soils, as well as discharge of other construction-related pollutants, through the preparation and implementation of a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and Best Management Practices (BMPs). Additionally, future projects would be evaluated by the City for their compliance with goals, policies, and measures contained in the SEU intended to protect lives and property. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts related to soil erosion or the loss of topsoil. c) Would the project be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? No Impact. As previously discussed, much of the existing development in Rolling Hills is located on hilly terrain; and many of the City’s canyons exhibit steep slopes with little vegetation coverage. These areas are highly susceptible to landslide risks. However, the City generally lacks the thick, loose, sandy soils which lead to liquefaction and ground failure hazards. Thus, the potential for liquefaction, lateral spreading, and seismically induced dynamic settlement is low (City 1990). The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents; thus, the Project does not directly propose physical changes in the environment and does not, in and of itself, enable future development. To account for any potential instability, all future development projects would be evaluated on a site-specific basis and would be subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to building design and construction. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would have no impacts related to location on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable or that would become unstable as a result of the Project and potentially result in on or offsite landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse. d) Would the project be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property? No Impact. Expansive soils are characterized as fine-grained, such as silts and clays or soils with variable amounts of expansive clay minerals that can change in volume due to changes in water content. According to the General Plan, soil types within the City consist predominantly of fertile clays with some loams and shales (City 1990). Nevertheless, the HEU and SEU are is a policy documents; thus, the Project does not directly propose physical changes in the environment and does not, in and 450 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 12 of itself, enable future development. Future development would be evaluated in separate, site- specific CEQA documents and would be subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to building design and construction. Potential environmental impacts from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a development project is considered by the City. e) Would the project have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water? No Impact. With the exception of a Palos Verdes Unified School District site and 13 residences that have individually or collectively (through the creation of a small sewer district) connected to an adjacent jurisdiction’s sewer systems, no sanitary sewer system exists in Rolling Hills. Residences are served by individual septic tanks and seepage pits. These systems are designed to serve single-family residences and are not conducive to multi-family housing; particularly given the geologic, slope, and soil constraints in Rolling Hills. However, the HEU and SEU are is a policy documents consistent with the City’s General Plan and does not propose any land use or zoning changes. Moreover, all future development would be evaluated on a site-specific basis and subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to building design and construction. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project- specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. The Project would have no impacts related to soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems. f) Would the project directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geological feature? No Impact. All future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine that any potential impacts are less than significant. Potential impacts related to paleontological and geologic resources are unique to a project and site and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project has been defined. In the event that paleontological resources are discovered during future development projects, applicants will be required to comply with regulatory standards enumerated under in PRC Section 5097.574, which sets the protocol for proper handling. Any potentially significant environmental impacts from future development would be analyzed in a separate CEQA document and addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts related to the direct or indirect destruction of a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature. 5.8 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS 8. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment? 451 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 13 (b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? 5.8.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment? b) Would the project conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? No Impact. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents consistent with the City’s General Plan. The Project does not directly propose physical changes in the environment and does not, in and of itself, enable future development. Any future development in the City would be required to comply with the latest California Building Code, including the CALGreen code, which helps reduce GHG emissions through sustainable design and renewable energy considerations. Any potentially significant environmental impacts would be analyzed in a project-specific environmental document and addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. The Project would have no impacts related to the generation of GHG emissions or conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emission of GHGs. 5.9 HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 9. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? (b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment? (c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? (d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? (e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within 2 miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the project area? 452 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 14 (f) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? (g) Expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death involving wildland fires? 5.9.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? No Impact. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents consistent with the City’s General Plan. The Project does not directly propose physical changes in the environment and does not, in and of itself, enable future development. Moreover, the SEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man-made hazards through a number of goals, policies, implementation programs, principles, and standards. Among these are measures to mitigate the risk from hazardous materials. Construction activities associated with future individual development projects would likely involve the temporary transportation, management, and use of oils, fuels and other potentially flammable substances, such as paints, solvents, and cleaners. Hazardous materials that may be present during operation of future individual projects are usually associated with landscaping and building maintenance. Nevertheless, any future development in the City would be subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to the transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials. All potential environmental impacts resulting from future development would be analyzed in a separate environmental document and addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. b) Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment? No Impact. Residential uses enabled by the City’s HEU are generally not characterized as substantial generators of hazardous materials, nor are they anticipated to result in upset or accident conditions involving the release thereof. Further, Tthe SEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man-made hazards, including hazardous materials. Regardless, the Project involves two a policy documents and would not directly result in physical changes in the environment. Any future development would be subject to all applicable regulatory requirements concerning the proper handling, treatment, and disposal of hazardous materials. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. c) Would the project emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? No Impact. The City only has one school in its boundary: Rancho Del Mar High School located in the western portion of the City. Potential hazardous material-related impacts are location-specific and 453 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 15 cannot be assessed in a meaningful way until the location of a project site is known. At such time that a development proposal is considered, that project will be subject to the development review process; and any potentially significant impacts would be addressed through mitigation measures specific to the impact. Since the current Project involves two a policy documents and does not directly propose physical changes in the environment, no impacts related to the emission or handling of hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school would occur. d) Would the project be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? No Impact. According to the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC), no potential hazardous waste sites are under evaluation in Rolling Hills (DTSC 2021; SWRCB 2021). The City and surrounding area do not contain heavy industrial uses that would create a hazardous material risk in the event of a spill, release, or natural disaster. Additionally, the City is not located near any major transit routes involving transport of a substantial quantity of hazardous material through the City (City 1990). The Project involves two a policy documents and does not directly propose physical changes in the environment. Any future development would be subject to all applicable regulatory requirements concerning the proper handling, treatment, and disposal of hazardous materials. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. The Project would result in no impacts related to location on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5. e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within 2 miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the project area? No Impact. The HEU and SEU is aare policy documents that analyzes housing and safety needs in the City. The City is within 2 miles of the Torrance Airport, which is approximately 1.4 miles from the northern boundary of the City. However, the City is not located within the airport or airfield safety hazard zone (ALUC 2003). The Project proposes adoption of the SEU, which is a policy document that would not result in direct development or construction. Any development that occurs pursuant to Housing Element or Safety Element policies will be subject to State and local regulations regarding the transport, use, and disposal of hazardous materials and to City planning, engineering, and building requirements. No impacts relative to noise hazards are expected to occur as a result of the Project. f) Would the project impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? No Impact. The City’s Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP) identifies the potential evacuation routes listed below, which include options for rapid egress from areas within the City if threatened by a wildfire.  Main Gate at Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North 454 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 16  Crest Gate at Crest Road near Crenshaw Boulevard  Eastfield Gate at Eastfield Drive and Palos Verdes Drive East  Crest Road East (emergency access only) The SEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man-made hazards through a number of goals, policies, implementation programs, principles, and standards. Among these are measures to provide and maintain an emergency response system for the City. Moreover, future development in the City would be required to comply with the provisions of the City’s General Plan and Hazard Mitigation Plan during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to the impairment of or physical interference with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan. g) Would the project expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires? No Impact. The entire City is designated as Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) by CAL FIRE (2011). The SEU and HEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man-made hazards through a number of goals, policies, implementation programs, principles, and standards. Among these are measures to mitigate the risk from the hazards of fire and ensure the protection of people and wildlife from hazardous materials in the community. Further, future development in the City would be required to comply with the provisions of the City’s General Plan and CWPP during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would not expose people or structures to loss, injury, or death involving wildland fires; and no impacts would result. 5.10 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY 10. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or ground water quality? (b) Substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that the project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin? (c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would: 455 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 17 10. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact i) Result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off- site; ii) Substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flood on- or off-site; iii) Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff; or iv) Impede or redirect flood flows? (d) In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to project inundation? (e) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan? 5.10.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements, or otherwise substantially degrade surface or ground water quality? No Impact. The Project involves twoa policy documents which arethat is consistent with the City’s General Plan and does not directly propose physical changes to the environment. Future development in the City would be required to follow State, regional, and local regulations regarding onsite stormwater retention, so that surface waters and the groundwater aquifer are not contaminated with Project-related pollutants. To comply with federal National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) requirements and maintain its Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permit, the City is required to screen and monitor its runoff to avoid compromising downstream water quality standards. It is also required to implement a number of programs, such as an Illicit Discharge Elimination Program. The City requires BMPs for construction in order to avoid erosion, pollution, sedimentation, and runoff that would degrade water quality. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project- specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would have no impact related to violation of any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or groundwater quality. b) Would the project substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that the project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin? No Impact. The City’s water infrastructure is owned, maintained, and operated by California Water Service Palos Verdes District (District). According to the District’s 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP), the current water supply for the customers of the District is purchased imported water and groundwater is not being used as a source of supply (CalWater 2021). Further, all future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potentially significant impacts to groundwater and required project-specific mitigation 456 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 18 measures. Any future development would also be subject to all applicable State, regional, and local regulatory requirements concerning the efficient use and conservation of water resources, including measures identified in the City’s General Plan. Therefore, the Project would result in no impacts related to groundwater supplies or groundwater recharge. c) Would the project substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would: i) result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site; ii) substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or off-site; iii) create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources or polluted runoff; or iv) impede or redirect flood flows? No Impact. The Project involves two a policy documents which are is consistent with the City’s General Plan and does not directly propose physical changes to the environment. The City’s SEU also contains principles and standards intended to minimize risk from flooding or erosion. Nonetheless, potential impacts related to drainage are unique to a project and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project site has been defined. Future development in the City would be required to follow State, regional, and local regulations regarding drainage, erosion, and runoff. As mentioned, the City is required to screen and monitor its runoff to avoid compromising downstream water quality standards to comply with federal NPDES requirements and maintain its MS4 permit. The City also requires BMPs for construction in order to avoid erosion, pollution, sedimentation, and runoff that would degrade water quality. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project- specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would have no impacts. d) Would the project in flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to project inundation? No Impact. According to Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) panels 06037C2026G, 06037C2027G, and 06037C1940F, the City is not located in a flood hazard area and currently has a less than 0.2 percent annual chance to be inundated by flood waters as a result of a storm event (FEMA 2021). Additionally, the City is not located within a tsunami or seiche zone (DOC 2021b; DWR 2021). Regardless, all future development in the City would require project- specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts. Future development would be subject to all applicable federal, State, and local regulatory requirements concerning flood hazards, including measures identified in the City’s General Plan intended to minimize impacts. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would result in no impact related to risking release of pollutants due to Project inundation in flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones. e) Would the project conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan? 457 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 19 No Impact. The Project involves updating two a policy documents and does not propose any zoning or land use changes, or authorize any physical development. Any future development that occurs pursuant to the HEU or SEU in the City will be subject to State and local regulations regarding water quality, run-off, and hydrology and to City planning, engineering and building requirements. The Project would not conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan; thus, no impacts would occur. 5.11 LAND USE AND PLANNING 11. LAND USE/PLANNING Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Physically divide an established community? (b) Cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? 5.11.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project physically divide an established community? b) Would the project cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? No Impact. The City has prepared its HEU and SEU in accordance with Section 65580 and Section 65302(g) of the Government Code, respectively. The updates has have also been prepared consistent with the City General Plan and the community’s vision of its housing and safety needs and objectives. Accordingly, the HEU examines the City’s housing needs as they exist today and projects future housing needs based on RHNA allocation. No change to the land use plan or zoning map is proposed as part of the HEU. The SEU identifies and offers goals, policies, and actions to minimize the City’s hazards which pose a risk of injury, death, property loss, and other hardships. Any subsequent discretionary actions or development that occur pursuant to HEU policies will be reviewed and processed in accordance with City planning policies. The HEU and SEU hasve been prepared in full compliance with the State law, and no potential adverse impacts relative to land use would occur. 5.12 MINERAL RESOURCES 12. MINERAL RESOURCES Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? (b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally-important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan or other land use plan? 458 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 20 5.12.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? b) Would the project result in the loss of availability of a locally-important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan or other land use plan? No Impact. The City is not designated as having any known mineral resources. Although mineral resources exist in the area, they are outside the City limits and outside the boundaries of the General Plan (City 1990). Additionally, the Project proposes implementation of the HEU and SEU, which are is a policy documents consistent with the General Plan. No land use or zoning changes are proposed, and the Project would not result in direct physical changes to the environment. All future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potentially significant impacts and would integrate project-specific mitigation measures if needed. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts on the availability of any known resources or locally important mineral resource recovery sites. 5.13 NOISE 13. NOISE Would the project result in: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? (b) Generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? (c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? 5.13.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project result in generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? b) Would the project result in generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? No Impact. The HEU and SEU are is a both policy documents and would not result in direct physical changes in the environment. Thus, implementation of the Project would not generate a temporary or substantial increase in ambient noise levels. All future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential noise impacts. Further, future development would be required to adhere to the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation as 459 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 21 outlined in the General Plan Noise Element and the City’s Municipal Code. Therefore, the Project would result in no impacts associated with an increase in temporary or ambient noise levels or groundborne vibration/noise levels. c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public us airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? No Impact. The City is within 2 miles of the Torrance Airport but is not within the airport or airfield safety hazard zone. Moreover, the HEU and SEU are is a policy documents; thus, future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential noise impacts. Further, future development would be required to adhere to the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation as outlined in the General Plan Noise Element and the City’s Municipal Code. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts related to noise levels associated with development within 2 miles of an airport. 5.14 POPULATION AND HOUSING 14. POPULATION AND HOUSING. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? (b) Displace substantial numbers of existing people or housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? 5.14.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? b) Would the project displace substantial numbers of existing people or housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? No Impact. As the regional planning agency for the Los Angeles region, SCAG is responsible for preparing jurisdiction-level forecasts for each city and county in the region. The latest forecasts were adopted in September 2020 and describe conditions in a base year (2016) and forecast year (2045). SCAG forecasts indicate that City growth will be flat through 2045, with the latest published forecasts showing 700 households in 2016 and 700 households in 2045. Population in the City over the equivalent period is shown as increasing from 1,900 to 2,000, a growth rate of about 5 percent over 29 years (SCAG 2020). The 2021-2029 RHNA allocation for the City is 45 units, including 20 very low income units, 9 low income units, 11 moderate income units, and 5 above moderate income units. As previously shown in 460 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 22 Table 2.3-1, the combination of recently approved housing units (expected to be occupied in 2022), future affordable units on the Rancho Del Mar site, and new ADUs, which have been made easier to develop under a series of recently passed legislation, can accommodate the RHNA allocation in all income categories. The table illustrates a surplus capacity of seven lower income units based on projected ADU production over the planning period. Any subsequent development accomplished pursuant to the HEU or SEU will be consistent with State and regional growth mandates. The Project does not include any development that would increase population directly or indirectly and The Project will not displace housing or people. but, conversely, is intended to promote affordability and increase housing supply, which can support retention of households in all income categories. No impacts relative to population or housing would occur as a result of the Project. 5.15 PUBLIC SERVICES 15. PUBLIC SERVICES. Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services: i) Fire Protection? ii) Police Protection? iii) Schools? iv) Parks? v) Other public facilities? 5.15.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for fire protection? No Impact. The Los Angeles County Fire Department provides fire protection services to the City. Fire Station 56, located at 12 Crest Road West, serves the City under Battalion 14. The Project, which involves the SEU and HEU, would implement policies to promote maintenance of acceptable service ratios, response times, and other performance objectives for fire protection. Additionally, since the City is within the CAL FIRE VHFHSZ, the SEU includes policies to enforce VHFHSZ-specific standards during development. Compliance with these standards reduces the fire vulnerability of new structures built in the City. The HEU and SEU are is onlya policy documents, and all future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to fire protection. Further, future development would be required to adhere to State and local regulations as well as the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation as outlined in other sections of the General Plan. Therefore, the Project would have no impact on fire protection services. 461 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 23 b) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for police protection? No Impact. The Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department is contracted with the City to provide police services and protection. The Lomita Station of the Sheriff’s Department is located at 26123 Narbonne Avenue. The Project, which involves the SEU and HEU, would implement policies to promote maintenance of acceptable service ratios, response times, and other performance objectives for police protection. The HEU and SEU are is only a policy documents, and all future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to police protection. Further, future development would be required to adhere to State and local regulations as well as the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation as outlined in other sections of the General Plan. Therefore, the Project would have no impact on police protection services. c) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for schools? No Impact. The Palos Verdes Unified School District serves the City. School-related impacts depend upon the location and intensity of a project, students generated per household, and the capacity of facilities in a given attendance area. The HEU and SEU are is onlya policy documents and does not authorize future development. All future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to schools. Further, future development would be required to adhere to State and local regulations as well as the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation outlined in other sections of the General Plan. Therefore, the Project would have no impact on schools. d) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for parks? No Impact. Park-related impacts depend upon the location and intensity of a project. There is one public park, numerous trails, open space areas, three tennis courts, and two equestrian facilities that will not be impacted by the Project. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents and do not authorize future development. All future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to parks. Further, future development would be required to adhere to State and local regulations as well as the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation as outlined in other sections of the General Plan. Therefore, the Project would have no impact on parks. e) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for other public facilities? 462 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 24 No Impact. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents and do not authorize future development. All future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to other public facilities. Further, future development would be required to adhere to State and local regulations as well as the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation outlined in other sections of the General Plan. Therefore, the Project would have no impact on other public facilities. 5.16 RECREATION 16. RECREATION. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? (b) Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? 5.16.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? No Impact. Impacts to recreational facilities depend upon the location and intensity of a project. There is one public park, numerous trails, open space areas, three tennis courts, and two equestrian facilities that will not be impacted by the Project. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents and does not authorize future development. All future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to recreational facilities. Further, future development would be required to adhere to State and local regulations as well as the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation outlined in other sections of the General Plan. Therefore, the Project would have no impact on existing recreational facilities. b) Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? No Impact. The Project proposes adoption of the HEU and SEU, both of which are is a policy documents that would not result in direct development or construction. Therefore, the Project would not construct any recreational facilities or require the expansion of any recreational facilities. No impacts would occur to or from recreational facilities. 463 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 25 5.17 TRANSPORTATION 17. TRANSPORTATION. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Conflict with a program, plan, ordinance or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadways, bicycle and pedestrian facilities? (b) Conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3, subdivision (b)? (c) Substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature (e. g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)? (d) Result in inadequate emergency access? 5.17.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project conflict with a program, plan, ordinance or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadways, bicycle and pedestrian facilities? b) Would the project Conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3, subdivision (b)? c) Would the project substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g. farm equipment)? No Impact. Rolling Hills has no public roads or streets; thus the City's circulation infrastructure is not conducive to uses generating high trip volumes (City 2014). Nonetheless, the HEU and SEU are is a policy documents consistent with the General Plan. The updates does not include any changes to land use designations, zoning, building heights and intensities, or residential densities. Any future development would be required to adhere to all programs, ordinances, and policies that address circulation, including those in the General Plan Circulation Element and the City’s Municipal Code. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, no circulation-related impacts would result from the Project. d) Would the project result in inadequate emergency access? No Impact. Many streets in the community are “dead ends” without emergency vehicle access alternatives in the event that ingress and egress is blocked (City 2014). However, the SEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man- made hazards through a number of goals, policies, implementation programs, principles, and standards. To ensure adequate emergency access, future development in the City would be required to undergo environmental analysis and comply with the provisions of the Municipal Code during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to emergency access. 464 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 26 5.18 TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES 18. TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES. Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code section 5020.1(k), or (b) A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe. 5.18.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code section 5020.1(k)? b) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is a resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe? According to the California PRC Section 21084, a project may have a significant effect on the environment if the project “may cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource.” Assembly Bill 52 (AB 52) specifies that a project with the potential for adverse effects on tribal cultural resources may be considered a significant effect on the environment. Additionally, Senate Bill 18 (SB 18) requires a government-to-government consultation process initiated by the local governmental agency prior to adoption or amendment of a General or Specific Plan. The City, as the Lead Agency pursuant to CEQA and as required by AB 52 and SB 18, has consulted with the local Native American Tribes in the Project Area. Tribes that are located regionally include: Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians - Kizh Nation, Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission 465 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 27 Indians, Gabrielino /Tongva Nation, Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California, Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe, Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians, and Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians. Letters were sent to these Tribes on December 13, 2021. Tribes were requested to respond to AB 52 by January 12, 2022, and SB 18 by January 27, 2022. As of the release of this document, the Gabrieleño Band of Mission Indians - Kizh Nation responded with two separate letters on December 21, 2021 noting that they had no comments or concerns and no additional information to provide regarding the HEU or SEU, but requesting consultation for any and all future projects with ground disturbance as shown in Appendix BC: Tribal Consultation Response. Additionally, the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California responded noting that the City is a highly culturally sensitive area and expressed interest in finding out more information regarding the project, however, after review of the project, they submitted a follow up email stating that they have no concerns, but requested notification on future projects. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents that would not result in direct development or construction. As noted, to date, two Tribes responded during the consultation process and did not have any comments or concerns. Similar to the Project, future projects would be required comply with AB 52 and SB 18, which require consultation with any Tribes that request consultation. The Project would not cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a Tribal Cultural Resource listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources or in the local register of historical resources as defined in PRC Section 5020.1(k). Thus, no impacts to Tribal Cultural Resources would occur. 5.19 UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS 19. UTILITIES/SERVICE SYSTEMS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or storm water drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or relocation of which could cause significant environmental effects? (b) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry and multiple dry years? (c) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? (d) Generate solid waste in excess of State or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals? (e) Comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid wastes? 466 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 28 5.19.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or stormwater drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or expansion of which could cause significant environmental effects? No Impact. The Project is for the adoption of the City’s HEU and SEU, which are is a policy documents that would not result in direct development or construction. The HEU identifies approved housing developments and the construction of ADUs within the City to meet RHNA allocation. According to the HEU, the principal site improvements required upon development of a vacant property in the City are the undergrounding of electrical lines to the structure, installation of a septic system, and conformance to the City’s outdoor lighting standards. All future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation and would be subject to all applicable State, regional, and local regulatory requirements concerning the installation of utilities. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents that would not result in direct development or construction. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts regarding the construction or expansion of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or stormwater drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities. b) Would the project have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal dry and multiple dry years? No Impact. According to the 2020 UWMP, the District’s only source of water supply is imported, purchased water from the West Basin Municipal Water District (WBMWD) (CalWater 2021). The WBMWD Draft 2020 UWMP states that it will be able to serve 100 percent of projected demands in normal, single-dry and multiple-dry years. As such, the District expects that, under all hydrologic conditions, purchased water supplies (in combination with the future recycled supplies) will fully serve future potable demands (CalWater 2021). Further, all future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to groundwater. Any future development would also be subject to all applicable State, regional, and local regulatory requirements concerning the efficient use and conservation of water resources, including measures identified in the City’s General Plan. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would result in no impacts related to water supply availability. c) Would the project result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? 467 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 29 No Impact. Wastewater treatment in the City generally occurs through private septic tanks, as only several parcels on the western periphery of the City have access to sanitary sewer. For these several parcels, the Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts (LACSD) owns, operates, and maintains the sewer system consisting of gravity sewers, pumping stations, and force mains to collect wastewater from the Palos Verdes District service area (Sanitation District #5). The LACSD’s Joint Water Pollution Control Plant (JWPCP) provides the wastewater service for the District service area. It provides advanced primary and partial secondary treatment for 400 million gallons per day (MGD) of wastewater and serves a population of approximately 4.8 million people (LACSD 2021). This plant currently processes 260 MGD; thus, the system has adequate capacity for the Project (CalWater 2021). Since the Project proposes adoption of two a policy documents, all future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts related to wastewater. Any future development would also be subject to all applicable State, regional, and local regulatory requirements concerning the efficient use and conservation of water resources, including measures identified in the City’s General Plan. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would result in no impacts related to wastewater treatment. d) Generate solid waste in excess of State or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals? e) Would the project comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste? No Impact. The closest landfill to the City is the Savage Canyon Landfill in Whittier, California. This landfill has a remaining capacity of 9,510,833 tons and is not expected to close until 2055 (CalRecycle 2021). Since the Project proposes adoption of twoa policy documents, all future development projects would require an environmental analysis to ensure compliance with the State and local standards and the federal, State, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste. Therefore, the Project would have no impact in regard to an increase in solid waste generation or complying with applicable regulations related to solid waste. 5.20 WILDFIRE 20. WILDFIRE. If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very high fire hazard severity zones, would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? (b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose project occupants to, pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire? (c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment? 468 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 30 20. WILDFIRE. If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very high fire hazard severity zones, would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (d) Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes? 5.20.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? No Impact. The entire City is designated as a VHFHSZ by CAL FIRE (CAL FIRE 2011). As mentioned in Section 5.9, the City’s CWPP identifies the potential evacuation routes described below, which include options for rapid egress from areas within the City if threatened by a wildfire.  Main Gate at Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North  Crest Gate at Crest Road near Crenshaw Boulevard  Eastfield Gate at Eastfield Drive and Palos Verdes Drive East  Crest Road East (emergency access only) The SEU and HEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man-made hazards through a number of goals, policies, implementation programs, principles, and standards. Among these are measures to mitigate the risk from the hazards of fire. Regardless, potential impacts related to emergency response and evacuation are unique to a project and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project has been defined. Therefore, future development in the City would require individual environmental analysis to ensure compliance with the provisions of the City’s General Plan and CWPP during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to the impairment of or physical interference with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan. b) Would the project, due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose project occupants to, pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire? No Impact. As mentioned above, the entire City is designated a VHFHSZ by CAL FIRE, and a substantial amount of land in the City is steep hillsides and canyons (CAL FIRE 2011). Although the SEU and HEU includes measures to mitigate the risk of fire hazards, potential impacts related to fire exacerbation are unique to a project and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project has been defined. Thus, future development in the City would require separate environmental analysis to ensure compliance with the provisions of the City’s General Plan and CWPP during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to wildfire exacerbation. 469 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 31 c) Would the project require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines, or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment? No Impact. Principal site improvements required upon development of a vacant property in the City are the undergrounding of electrical lines to the structure, installation of a septic system, and conformance to the City’s outdoor lighting standards. The entire City is designated a VHFHSZ by CAL FIRE; however, the SEU includes measures to mitigate the risk of fire hazards. Although not anticipated under the HEU or the SEU, potential impacts related to utility installation and fire exacerbation are unique to a project and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project has been defined. Thus, future development in the City would require separate environmental analysis to ensure compliance with the provisions of the City’s General Plan and CWPP during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to wildfire exacerbation. d) Would the project expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability or drainage changes? No Impact. As mentioned above, the entire City is designated a VHFHSZ by CAL FIRE, and a substantial amount of land in the City is steep hillsides and canyons highly susceptible to landslide risks (CAL FIRE 2011). Although the SEU includes measures to mitigate the risk of fire hazards, potential impacts related to post-fire instability and drainage changes are unique to a project and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project has been defined. Thus, future development in the City would require separate environmental analysis to ensure compliance with the provisions of the City’s General Plan and CWPP during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to post-fire slope instability or drainage changes. 5.21 MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE 21. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE. Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Does the project have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? 470 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 32 21. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE. Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (b) Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? (“Cumulatively considerable” means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects?) (c) Does the project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? 5.21.1 Impact Analysis a) Does the project have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? b) Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? (“Cumulatively considerable” means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects?) c) Does the project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? No Impact. As demonstrated throughout this document, the Project would have no impacts to Aesthetics, Agricultural Resources, Air Quality, Biological Resources, Cultural Resources, Energy, Geology and Soils, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Hazards and Hazardous Materials, Hydrology and Water Quality, Land Use and Planning, Mineral Resources, Noise, Population and Housing, Public Services, Recreation, Transportation, Tribal Cultural Resources, Utilities and Service Systems, or Wildfires. Implementation of the City’s HEU and SEU will not create any significant or adverse impacts and would therefore not contribute to any cumulatively considerable impacts. Potential site-specific impacts that cannot be known at this time would be addressed in conjunction with any development proposal submitted for the individual project sites. The Project involves adoption of two a policy documents consistent with the General Plan and does not include any changes to land use designations, zoning, building heights and intensities, or residential densities. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts or cumulatively considerable impacts on the environment or human beings. 471 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 33 CHAPTER 6.0 – REFERENCES California Department of Conservation (DOC) 2017 State of California Williamson Act Contract Land. Available online at: https://planning.lacity.org/eir/HollywoodCenter/Deir/ELDP/(E)%20Initial%20Study/Initi al%20Study/Attachment%20B%20References/California%20Department%20of%20Cons ervation%20Williamson%20Map%202016.pdf. 2021a California Important Farmland Finder. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/ciff/. 2021b Tsunami Hazard Area Map. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/informationwarehouse/ts_evacuation/?extent=- 13249590.3641%2C3986280.7635%2C- 13132183.0887%2C4038410.8168%2C102100&utm_source=cgs+active&utm_content=l osangeles. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) 2011 Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones in LRA: Rolling Hills. Available online at: https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/5840/rolling_hills.pdf. California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle) 2021 SWIS Facility/Site Activity Details: Savage Canyon Landfill (19-AH-0001). Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/SolidWaste/SiteActivity/Details/3494?siteID=1399. California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) 2021 EnviroStor. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/?myaddress=rolling+hills%2C+CA. California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) 2021 California State Scenic Highway System Map. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://caltrans.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=465dfd3d807c46c c8e8057116f1aacaa. California Department of Water Resources (DWR) 2021 California Dam Breach Inundation Map Web Publisher. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://fmds.water.ca.gov/webgis/?appid=dam_prototype_v2. California Water Service (CalWater) 2021 2020 Urban Water Management Plan: Palos Verdes District. Available online at: https://www.calwater.com/docs/uwmp2020/PV_2020_UWMP_FINAL.pdf. June. City of Rolling Hills (City) 1990 City of Rolling Hills General Plan. Available online at: https://www.rolling- hills.org/government/planning_and_community_services/index.php. 472 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 34 2014 2014-2021 Update of the Housing Element of the General Plan. Available online at: https://cms5.revize.com/revize/rollinghillsca/Goverment/Planning%20And%20Commun ity%20Services/Housing%20Element%202014%20_201402111636398968.pdf. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 2021 National Flood Hazard Layer Viewer. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://hazards- fema.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=8b0adb51996444d4879338 b5529aa9cd. Los Angeles County Airport Land Use Commission (ALUC) 2003 Torrance Airport. Available online at: https://planning.lacounty.gov/assets/upl/project/aluc_airport-torrance.pdf. Los Angeles County Sanitation District (LACSD) 2021 Wastewater Treatment Process at JWPCP. Accessed on December 23, 2021, at: https://www.lacsd.org/services/wastewater-sewage/facilities/joint-water-pollution- control-plant/wastewater-treatment-process-at-jwpcp. South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) 1999 Map of Jurisdiction. Available online at: http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default- source/default-document-library/map-of-jurisdiction.pdf. 2021 2022 AQMP. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: http://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/clean-air-plans/air-quality-mgt-plan#. Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) 2020 The 2020-2045 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy of the Southern California Association Of Governments: Connect SoCal. Available online at: https://scag.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/0903fconnectsocal- plan_0.pdf?1606001176. State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) 2021 GeoTracker. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://geotracker.waterboards.ca.gov/map/?CMD=runreport&myaddress=rolling+hills %2C+CA. United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) 2021 National Wetlands Inventory. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/data/Mapper.html. 473 APPENDIX A – HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE APPENDIX A – SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE 474 ROLLING HILLS ROLLING HILLS GENERAL PLANGENERAL PLAN SAFETY ELEMENT prepared by City of Rolling Hills Planning and Community Services 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, California 90274 prepared with the assistance of Rincon Consultants, Inc. 706 South Hill Street, Suite 1200 Los Angeles, California 90014 November 2021 475 Table of Contents Safety Element i Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 City Setting ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Regulatory Setting .......................................................................................................................... 1 Critical Facilities and Infrastructure ................................................................................................ 3 Hazards of Concern................................................................................................................................. 6 Geologic Hazards ............................................................................................................................ 6 Flooding ........................................................................................................................................10 Wildland and Urban Fires .............................................................................................................14 Hazardous Materials .....................................................................................................................17 Community Communication .................................................................................................................17 Emergency Response and Evacuation ..........................................................................................17 Disease Prevention .......................................................................................................................19 Climate Change .....................................................................................................................................20 Vulnerable Populations and Assets ..............................................................................................20 Vulnerability Assessment Results .................................................................................................22 Goals, Policies, and Implementation ....................................................................................................24 Hazard Mitigation .........................................................................................................................24 Community Communication .........................................................................................................31 Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience ..................................................................................39 References ............................................................................................................................................41 Tables Table 1 Rolling Hills Climate Summary ............................................................................................ 1 Table 2 Rolling Hills Demographic Characteristics ........................................................................... 2 Table 3 Active Faults Located less than 50 Miles from Rolling Hills ................................................ 9 Figures Figure 1 Critical Facilities Map .......................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2 Landslide Hazard Zones ...................................................................................................... 7 Figure 3 Faults in the Vicinity of Rolling Hills .................................................................................... 8 Figure 4 Rolling Hills Earthquake Shaking Potential .......................................................................11 Figure 5 Rolling Hills Liquefaction Hazard Areas .............................................................................12 Figure 6 Dam Inundation Areas ......................................................................................................13 Figure 7 Fire Hazard Zones ..............................................................................................................15 Figure 8 Existing Evacuation Routes ...............................................................................................18 476 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan ii Appendices Appendix A Existing Conditions Report 477 Introduction Safety Element 1 Introduction The Safety Element provides the City of Rolling Hills’ (City’s) goals, policies, and actions to minimize the hazards to safety in and around Rolling Hills. The Element evaluates natural and human-caused safety hazards that affect existing and future development and provides guidelines for protecting the community from harm. The Element describes existing and potential future conditions and sets policies for improved public safety. The goal of the Safety Element is to reduce the risk of injury, death, property loss, and other hardships to acceptable levels. City Setting Rolling Hills covers an area of approximately three square-miles on the Palos Verdes peninsula, approximately 18 miles south of downtown Los Angeles. The topography of the city and peninsula area is unique in that it rises above the Los Angeles Basin with rolling hills, steep slopes, and canyons. The city itself is in the San Pedro Hills. Due to its location near the coast, the area is generally cooler and has fewer air quality concerns compared to the nearby Los Angeles Basin. Table 1 summarizes the climatology of the area. Rolling Hills City Hall Rolling Hills is a residential community that consists of large parcels and ranch-style homes and has a sizable older adult1 population of about 513 (28% of the city’s total population). Important community demographic data for Rolling Hills is included in Table 2. The city is also an equestrian community, as many of residents are horse owners or have horses on their property. Regulatory Setting Section 65302(g) of the California Government Code requires that the General Plans include a Safety Element for the protection of the community from any unreasonable risks associated with the effects of seismically induced surface rupture, ground shaking, ground failure, tsunami, Table 1 Rolling Hills Climate Summary Climate Character Estimate Annual Average Observed Maximum Temperature from 1961 - 1990 (Fahrenheit) 71 Annual Average Observed Minimum Temperature from 1961 – 1990 (Fahrenheit) 50 Annual Average Observed Precipitation from 1961 – 1990 (inches) 19 Source: Cal-Adapt 2021 1 An older adult is any adult over the age of 65 years old. 478 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 2 Table 2 Rolling Hills Demographic Characteristics Demographic Characteristics Estimate General Total Population 1,739 Population under 10 years 7 percent Population over 65 years 28 percent1 Race 77 percent White, 18 percent Asian, 5 percent Hispanic/Latino Disability (hearing, vision, cognitive, ambulatory) 12 percent Housing Total Households 6451 Average Household Size 2.76 Owner-occupied Households 96 percent Population over 65 years living alone 15 percent of those over 65 years Employment Unemployment Rate 6 percent Poverty Rate 2 percent Median Income $ 239,000 Insurance Coverage 97 percent Source: U.S. Census 2018 seiche, and dam failure; slope instability leading to mudslides and landslides; subsidence and other geologic hazards; flooding, and wildland and urban fire. In addition, Safety Elements are required to address non-hazard specific issues such as peak load water supply, evacuation routes, and military installations. Senate Bill 379, adopted on October 8, 2015, requires cities to include climate change adaptation and resilience into the general plan process. To comply with SB 379, this Safety Element includes a vulnerability assessment; adaptation and resilience goals, polices, and objectives; and feasible implementation measures. Senate Bill 99, adopted August 30, 2020, requires the cities to “identify residential developments in any hazard area identified in the safety element that does not have at least two emergency evacuation routes.” SB 99 does not define neighborhood and cities are expected to define neighborhoods based on their community. Relationship to Other Documents The Rolling Hills Safety Element is one of several plans that address safety in the City. The Safety Element must be consistent with these other plans to ensure the City has a unified strategy to address safety issues. The Safety Element includes information and policies from the following documents to ensure consistency. Other General Plan Elements The Safety Element is one section of the Rolling Hills General Plan. Other elements include Land Use, Transportation, Housing, 479 Introduction Safety Element 3 Conservation, Open Space and Recreation and Noise. Policies in these other elements may be related to safety issues. Information and policies in the Safety Element should not conflict with those in other elements. Hazard Mitigation Plan The City’s Hazard Mitigation Plan includes resources and information to assist the City of Rolling Hills, its residents, and public and private sector organizations in planning for hazard events. The Plan provides a list of activities that may assist the City in reducing risk and preventing loss from future hazard events. The action items address multi-hazard issues, as well as activities specifically for reducing risk and preventing losses relating to earthquake, land movement, wildfire, and drought. Community Wildfire Protection Plan The City’s Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP), adopted in July 2020, seeks to reduce wildfire risk in Rolling Hills. The Plan was developed collaboratively among stakeholders including the community, the City of Rolling Hills, the Rolling Hills Community Association, and the Los Angeles County Fire Department, and the Los Angeles Sheriff’s Department. The Plan includes fire mitigation and evacuation strategies for the community. Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Critical facilities are places that provide emergency services or serve people who would be impacted by an emergency. Examples include hospitals, fire stations, police stations, emergency services facilities, utility facilities, and communication facilities. Critical facilities can also include the transportation system and schools. Due to the size and composition of Rolling Hills, many of the critical facilities that serve the city are located outside of city limits. No areas in Rolling Hills have been identified as lacking emergency service. Critical facilities that serve the city are shown in Figure 1 and include: Rolling Hills City Hall: 2 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA Rolling Hills Community Association: 1 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA Rancho Del Mar High School: 38 Crest Road West, Rolling Hills, CA Storm Hill Park: Agua Magna Canyon, Rolling Hills, CA Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Lomita Station: 26123 Narbonne Avenue, Lomita, CA Los Angeles County Fire Station No. 56: 12 Crest Road West, Rolling Hills, CA Los Angeles County Communications Tower: 5741 Crestridge Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: Crestridge Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: Tarragon Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: 27873 Hawthorn Boulevard, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: Palos Verdes Drive North/Palos Verdes Drive East (SW corner), Rolling Hills Estates, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 3960 East Crest Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: Via Canada, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 1 Spur Lane, Rolling Hills, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 60 Eastfield Drive, Rolling Hills, CA Portuguese Bend Road Crest Road 480 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 4 Rolling Hills Community Association 481 Introduction Safety Element 5 Figure 1 Critical Facilities Map 482 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 6 Hazards of Concern Geologic Hazards Geologic processes that pose a threat to life, health, property, or infrastructure are considered geologic hazards. Natural geologic hazards that have the potential to affect Rolling Hills include seismic hazards, landslides, liquefaction, expansive soils, and weathering. In most cases, these natural processes cannot be prevented; however, the magnitude of destruction resulting from natural geologic hazards can be reduced through planning policies and measures. Landslide Hazards Landslide activity refers to a wide range of gravity driven downslope earth movement, including rockslides, rotational slips, mudslides, and shallow debris flows. Geological and geomorphological conditions such as soil type, soil strength, slope angle, and slope height predispose slopes for failure. Other factors affecting the susceptibility to slope failure include the amount of precipitation, vegetation on the slope, groundwater seepage, and human modifications to the slope. Landslides often result in damage to property and roadways and can cause them to become unsafe due to displacement of the subsurface. Much of the existing development in Rolling Hills is located on hilly terrain and have a greater potential to experience landslide hazards. Many of the canyons in Rolling Hills exhibit steep slopes with little vegetation coverage, leaving them susceptible to slope failure. Figure 2 shows the landslide zones in the City of Rolling Hills, as mapped by the California Geological Survey (CGS). Landslide activity has been well documented in the region. Relicts of landslides and rockslides are present throughout the City of Rolling Hills. 2 “Beginning in” is defined as the first noted event of major rock movement The following major landslides have occurred in and adjacent to the city. All are in the landslide hazards areas identified in Figure 2: ▪ Portuguese Bend Landslide: Beginning in2 1956 over approximately 270 acres in Rancho Palos Verdes ▪ Abalone Cove Landslide: Beginning in 1974 over 80 acres in Rancho Palos Verdes ▪ Klondike Canyon Landslide: Beginning in 1979 over to the south near the coastline ▪ Flying Triangle Landslide: Beginning in 1970s or 1980s over approximately 70 acres in the southeast area of the city The Flying Triangle Landslide, shown in Figure 2, continues to impact the southeast portion of the city through impacts to private roads and above-ground utility lines. This area is relatively unsuitable for development due to the ongoing changes in topography. Seismic Hazards Rolling Hills is in a seismically active region of southern California. The last major earthquake in the Los Angeles area was the 5.1 magnitude La Habra earthquake in 2014. Rolling Hills is within 50 miles of the Whittier fault, Newport-Inglewood fault, Palos Verdes fault, Malibu Coast fault, Cabrillo fault, Santa Monica fault, and Redondo Canyon fault. Analysis of seismic data from the region indicates that the Whittier and Newport- Inglewood faults may generate a maximum credible earthquake of magnitude 7.2 and 7.4, respectively (SCEC 2013). Figure 3 shows the faults in the vicinity of Rolling Hills. Typically, seismic shaking and fault rupture are primary hazards as they occur as a direct result of the interaction between the seismic wave energy and the earth’s surface. Secondary hazards, such as liquefaction and earthquake-induced landslides, occur as a result of the primary earthquake hazards. 483 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 7 Figure 2 Landslide Hazard Zones 484 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 8 Figure 3 Faults in the Vicinity of Rolling Hills 485 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 9 Often, earthquake activity can result in other effects such as building damage/collapse, infrastructure failure, pipeline breakage, and damage to transportation and communication facilities. The size of the earthquake and distance from the fault rupture zone typically determine the severity of these events. Seismic Shaking Seismic shaking, or ground shaking, refers to the movement of the earth’s surface resulting from the energy release by an earthquake. Seismic shaking is typically the primary cause of property damage resulting from earthquake activity. Seismic shaking can destroy buildings, roadways, powerlines, and pipelines. Energy transmitted through the ground can travel hundreds of miles and may cause damage in many locations simultaneously. Closer proximity to the fault rupture area results in stronger shaking in that location. The amount of ground shaking that occurs in a location depends on the magnitude of the earthquake, the distance from the epicenter, and local soil conditions. The intensity of ground shaking is related to the peak ground velocity during an earthquake. As shown in Figure 4, the earthquake shaking potential for Rolling Hills is low to moderate. The intensity of seismic shaking is measured using the Modified Mercalli scale. According to the CGS, an active fault is one that has experienced surface movement in the past 11,000 years. The city is located near a number of active faults, including the Cabrillo Fault in city limits. Table 3 includes a list of nearby faults, their respective distance from the city, the maximum credible earthquake generated from each fault, and the likelihood of earthquake occurrence in each case. The San Andreas fault is located approximately 80 miles to the east of Rolling Hills. Although the San Andreas fault is located at a greater distance from the city, seismic shaking originating from earthquakes occurring along the San Andreas fault poses a threat to the city. Figure 3 identifies the active and inactive faults located in the city and vicinity. Fault Rupture Fault Rupture occurs when seismic movement on a fault break through the earth’s surface. Hazards related to fault rupture arise when structures are built near or on top of an active fault. While there are a number of seismically active faults in the city and region, there are no active faults with the potential for ground rupture, defined by the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act and delineated by CGS. Figure 3 shows the designated Alquist-Priolo study zones, the closest of which is the Newport-Inglewood Fault approximately nine miles northeast of the city. Table 3 Active Faults Located less than 50 Miles from Rolling Hills Fault Name* Approximate Distance from Rolling Hills Whittier 25 miles east Newport-Inglewood 9 miles east Palos Verdes <1 mile north Malibu Coast 20 miles northwest Cabrillo Located in the City boundaries Santa Monica 20 miles north-northwest *All faults listed are active. An active fault is one that has experienced surface movement in the past 11,000 years. 486 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 10 Liquefaction and Settlement Liquefaction is a ground failure phenomenon that occurs as a result of a seismic event. Liquefaction increases water content in surface soils until the soil reaches a semi- liquid state, contributing to a reduction in support, and ultimately resulting in shifting or subsidence of buildings and utilities. Ground failure typically occurs when the following conditions exist: ▪ Loose, unconsolidated granular soils ▪ Shallow groundwater ▪ Strong seismic ground shaking While Rolling Hills has moderate to high seismic shaking potential, the subsurface soils generally lack saturated alluvial deposits and thick, granular soils. Figure 5 shows the liquefaction hazard areas, which are in the low-lying areas to the east and north, generally surrounding the Los Angeles Harbor and Harbor Lake. Liquefaction potential for Rolling Hills is low, as shown in Figure 5. Earthquake Induced Landslides Ground failure or destabilization of slopes resulting from an earthquake can also occur following seismic activity in the form of Earthquake-Induced Landslides. Earthquake- induced landslides typically occur in areas with steep slopes or unstable soil conditions. As discussed above under Landslide Hazards, the risk of landslide activity in Rolling Hills is high. Much of the city overlies areas that have been identified as landslide zones by the CGS. Risk of landslide activity increases following rainfall events that result in saturated soils. Both shallow and deep seeded landslides have historically occurred in the city. Flooding Rolling Hills participates in the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) National Flood Insurance Program. According to the FEMA flood maps, the city is not located in a flood hazard area and currently has a less than 0.2 percent annual chance to be inundated by flood waters as a result of a storm event (FEMA 2008). Overall, the city is not in any immediate risk from flooding caused by overflowing water bodies or heavy rains. However, runoff and minor flooding pose a risk if drainage systems fail along canyon bottoms, where natural drainage leads. Dam Inundation No water storage facilities that the State of California identifies as dams are located in Rolling Hills. Just outside city limits are three water storage facilities identified as dams, which include: ▪ Palos Verdes Reservoir. Owned by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California and located at the southeast corner of Palos Verdes Drive East and Palos Verdes Drive North. According to the California Department of Water Resources, the reservoir can hold approximately 1,100 gallons of water and has an extremely high downstream hazard. ▪ 10 MG Walteria and 18 MG Walteria. Two reinforced concrete tanks which are owned by the City of Torrance and located at Crenshaw Boulevard and Crest Road. The tanks can hold 31 and 58 acre- feet (AF) of water, respectively. Senate Bill 92, adopted in 2017, is a new dam safety requirement that requires dam owners to map the downstream inundation areas for dams governed by the Department of Water Resources. Figure 6 shows the inundation areas for the nearby water storage facilities. Due to their locations and the topography of the area, the inundation areas do not enter or affect any portion of the city. 487 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 11 Figure 4 Rolling Hills Earthquake Shaking Potential 488 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 12 Figure 5 Rolling Hills Liquefaction Hazard Areas 489 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 13 Figure 6 Dam Inundation Areas 490 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 14 Wildland and Urban Fires The entire City of Rolling Hills is designated a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire), as shown in Figure 7. Rolling Hills terrain is comprised of several large and steep canyons that limit and challenge vegetation management and present conditions where a fire can quickly travels up and downslope to nearby homes. Due to the rural nature and large residential lots, many homes are surrounded by more substantial vegetation and dense brush than in more suburban settings. The bridle trails for hikers and equestrian access also contain dense vegetation and management difficulties, which contributes to the fire risk of the city. Electrical power lines pose a hazard to starting fires in the city if lines are not automatically de-energized when knocked down by extreme weather or if the surrounding vegetation is not adequately managed. There is a history of fires in the city and the surrounding Palos Verdes Peninsula. Three major fires have been documented on the Peninsula and in the city in: ▪ 1923: an estimated 4,000 acres burned in Palos Verdes Hills ▪ 1945: 3,000 acres burned ▪ 1973: approximately 900-925 acres burned, 12 homes destroyed, and 10 homes damaged ▪ 2005: 212 acres burned near Del Cero Park ▪ 2009: 230 acres burned, 6 homes damaged, and forced 1,200 residents on the Peninsula to evacuate ▪ 2015: 3 acres burned Los Angeles County Fire Station No. 56 491 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 15 Figure 7 Fire Hazard Zones 492 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 16 For many of the developed residences in the city that are vulnerable to fires, their risk may increase with construction techniques that may not meet current wildfire standards. Rolling Hills Building Code and Los Angeles County Fire Department, under the VHFHSZ standards, require new development to include more stringent design and material standards for roofing, eaves, and rafter tails as well as exterior finishes and fire buffer zones. While compliance with these standards reduces the vulnerability to new structures, existing structures that have not complied with these standards may be susceptible to undue fire risk. Existing Fire Risk Reduction Strategies ▪ Rolling Hills Municipal Code (RHMC) Chapter 8.24 Abatement of Nuisances, Chapter 8.30: Fire Fuel Abatement, and Chapter 15.20 Fire Code ▪ Los Angeles County Fire Department Fuel Modification Plans ▪ Los Angeles County Fire Code Section 4908 ▪ Rolling Hills Community Wildfire Protection Plan vegetation management standard recommendations ▪ Rolling Hills Community Association fire fuel management strategies Portuguese Bend Road, south of Crest Road 493 Community Communication Safety Element 17 Hazardous Materials According to the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC), there are no hazardous waste sites or facilities in Rolling Hills (DTSC 2020). The city and surrounding area do not contain heavy industrial uses that would create a hazardous material risk in the event of a spill, release, or natural disaster. The city is not located near any major transit routes involving transport of a substantial quantity of hazardous material through the city. However, the nearby oil refineries (located along Sepulveda Boulevard approximately six miles northeast) and Port operations (located approximately three miles to the east) could create air quality impacts if wind patterns and release events occur. Air quality impacts are discussed in the Open Space and Conservation Element of the Rolling Hills General Plan. Community Communication Emergency Response and Evacuation Police Response and Crime The Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department is contracted with the city to provide police services and protection to the city. The Lomita Station of the Sheriff’s Department located at 26123 Narbonne Avenue serves the city. According to the Lomita Station crimes report from January 1, 2020, through December 31, 2020, Rolling Hills had 7 reported crimes (LACSD 2020). The crimes were related to theft, burglary, and arson. Outside the city limits and in the Lomita District, 401 crimes were reported during this same period, 79 of which were violent crimes (LACSD 2021). The difference in crimes in the city and the surrounding area is attributed to the private nature of the city. There are three entrances to the city, all of which are gated and staffed 24 hours a day. Visitors are required to be on a resident’s guest list to enter city limits, reducing crime in the city and demand on Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department. Fire Response The Los Angeles County Fire Department provides emergency operations support to the City and participates in the California mutual aid system. Mutual aid is emergency assistance that is dispatched upon request across jurisdictional boundaries. Fire Station 56, located at 12 Crest Road West, serves the city under Battalion 14, which also serves the remaining Palos Verdes Peninsula, Lomita, and Avalon Canyon. Fire response constraints in the city include ability to access certain homes or areas due to inadequate road widths for fire maneuvering. One of the major topics of concern related to fire response in the city relates to vegetation clearing along roadways. Ten-foot clearance on each side of the roadway, especially the limited access roads, is important for fire response and evacuation during a fire, according to Scott Hale, Assistant Fire Chief. Evacuation Strategies and Routes Because a variety of hazards could affect city residents, it is vital to identify critical routes for evacuation in the event of a major event. Senate Bill 99, adopted August 30, 2020, requires cities to “identify residential developments in any hazard area identified in the safety element that does not have at least two emergency evacuation routes.” Due to the size of Rolling Hills and that it has four evacuation routes, no neighborhoods have been identified as not having two evacuation routes. As shown on the Figure 8, the evacuation routes also connect to major 494 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 18 Figure 8 Existing Evacuation Routes 495 Community Communication Safety Element 19 roadways in the area that are multi- directional such as Crenshaw Boulevard, Palos Verdes Drive North and Palos Verdes Drive East. Figure 8 identifies the existing evacuation routes in the city, which are: ▪ Main Gate at Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North ▪ Crest Gate at Crest Road near Crenshaw Blvd ▪ Eastfield Gate at Eastfield Drive and Palos Verdes Drive East ▪ Crest Road East Gate at the end of Crest Road East Crest Road East Gate has been updated with a motor and has no guards. This gate is available as an emergency exit to the city during emergencies. The City’s recently adopted CWPP establishes evacuation strategies and methodologies, including: ▪ Using the City’s Block Captains3 as important coordinators for residents ▪ Communication goals between the City, emergency responders, Rolling Hills Community Association, and residents ▪ Details for residents regarding how people get notified during an evacuation ▪ Responsibilities and operations of the Emergency Operations Center Disease Prevention As evidenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, unforeseen infectious diseases can be disastrous for communities, especially vulnerable groups such as older adults, and people with compromised immune systems. The City worked diligently during the pandemic to minimize risk to community members. The Block Captains regularly checked in on old adults in the community, Fire Station Trail 3 The Rolling Hills Block Captain Program is a city-sponsored, resident-based community program of volunteers. Their role is to get to know neighbors, help them to prepare for an emergency, and be a liaison between first responders and City of Rolling Hills during an emergency. 496 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 20 finding out what residents needed, helping run errands, and providing hand sanitizer Additionally, the City disseminated information regularly including where to buy groceries at the beginning of the pandemic, testing information, and more. Policies regarding infectious disease can help expedite recovery and prepare the community for future risks. Climate Change Climate change is expected to affect future occurrences of natural hazards in and around Rolling Hills. Some hazards are projected to become more frequent and intense in the coming decades, and in some cases, climate impacts have already begun. In developing the Safety Element, the City competed a Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment consistent with Government Code Section 65302(g), which assesses how the populations and assets in Rolling Hills are vulnerable to different climate hazards. The full Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment can be found in Appendix A: Existing Conditions Report. According to the Vulnerability Assessment, the city is most vulnerable to wildfire impacts, extreme heat, and landslide impacts from climate change. According to the Vulnerability Assessment and the California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment, Rolling Hills can expect the following changes to natural hazard events: ▪ Projected annual average maximum temperature is expected to increase in Rolling Hills between 1.8- and 6.6-degrees Fahrenheit (°F) compared to 1990, depending on the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenario.4 4 The Vulnerability Assessment uses two GHG emissions scenarios: Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5. RCP 4.5 describes a scenario in which GHG ▪ Extreme heat events are also expected to increase in Rolling Hills. The annual number of average extreme heat days is projected to increase from a baseline of 4 between 1950 and 2005 to 8 or 14 between 2030 and 2099, depending on the GHG emissions scenario. ▪ Although only small changes in average precipitation are projected, the Los Angeles Region, which includes Rolling Hills, is expected to experience dry and wet precipitation extremes and higher frequency and severity of storms. Increasing storm intensity may exacerbate landslide hazards in the city. Warmer and drier conditions state-wide could increase the prevalence of drought conditions that could impact Rolling Hills. ▪ Wildfire is projected to increase over all of southern California. Vulnerable Populations and Assets As climate change occurs, communities will be affected to varying degrees and impacts depending on the hazard as well as how sensitive the communities are to impacts. Virtually all people and assets in a community will be affected by climate change in some way, but some communities may be more sensitive. The Vulnerability Assessment identified the following sensitivities: Populations ▪ Children. Approximately 6.6 percent of the total population in Rolling Hills are ten years old or younger. ▪ Persons in Poverty. This is identified for people living in households with an income below the poverty limit, which is $26,200 for a household of four people. There are approximately 26 people in emissions peak around 2050 and then decline. RCP 8.5 is the scenario in which GHG emissions continue to rise through 2050 before leveling off around 2100. 497 Climate Change Safety Element 21 Rolling Hills who live in poverty, or approximately 1.6 percent of the total population for whom poverty status can be determined. ▪ Persons with Chronic Health Conditions. These are people who have a long-term or permanent health condition that can create regular challenges in their day-to- day lives. These health problems include obesity, cancer, heart disease, and arthritis. In addition, those with any kind of disability, including mobility challenges, hearing, or vision impairments, behavioral disabilities, and challenges living independently or taking care of themselves. Approximately 11.5 percent of the population have identified having a disability. ▪ Renters. These are people who live in homes that they (or the head of their household) do not own. Approximately 24 housing units, or 4 percent of the housing units in Rolling Hills, are renter-occupied. ▪ Older Adults. These are persons 65 years or older are more at risk for climate change impacts, especially those living alone. 28 percent of the population of Rolling Hills are over 65 years, and 15 percent of those over 65 years live alone. ▪ Limited English Proficiency. Approximately three percent of households have identified being limited English-speaking. Of those, a majority spoke Asian and Pacific Island languages and Spanish. Infrastructure ▪ Access Roads. These roadways are one of a few, or the only, ways in and out of some communities or neighborhoods. The single or limited number of entry and exit points does not make the road itself more vulnerable than other roads, but loss of these roadways can effectively cut off large numbers of people from other areas in the Palos Verdes Peninsula and the rest of Los Angeles County. Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are the primary access roads into and out of the city. ▪ Bridle Trails. Throughout the community are over 25 miles of trails available to residents and non-city residents who obtain permits. The trails are maintained by the Rolling Hills Community Association and located primarily in canyon areas. ▪ Electrical Substations. Electrical substations are facilities that convert electricity from one voltage to another, making it suitable for long-distance transmission or for use by homes, businesses, and other electrical customers. There are no electrical substations located in city limits, but three are located near the city in Rancho Palos Verdes and owned/operated by Southern California Edison. ▪ Electrical Utility Lines. These lines transmit and deliver electricity from Southern California Edison to the city. The city has both underground and overhead electric utility lines. ▪ Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines. Natural gas pipelines carry large volumes of natural gas between communities. There are no transmission lines in the city. One transmission line ends at the intersection of Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North, adjacent to city limits. ▪ Water Reservoirs and System. The system that stores and supplies drinking water for residents. Palos Verdes Water District of the California Water Service supplies water to Rolling Hills. There are two California Water Service water reservoirs in the city limits. Services ▪ Public Safety Response. Public safety services are provided by law enforcement 498 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 22 and fire agencies. These agencies include the Los Angeles County Sheriff and Fire Departments. ▪ Water Services. These services involve treating and transporting water to be used by customers and transporting and treating wastewater so it can be safely released into the environment. California Water Service provides drinking water to the city. ▪ Energy Delivery. Energy services in Rolling Hills include electricity and natural gas delivered through utility lines from Southern California Edison and Southern California Gas Company. Vulnerability Assessment Results The Vulnerability Assessment indicates that the city’s populations, infrastructure, and services are most vulnerable to wildfire, extreme heat, and extreme precipitation events. Populations Vulnerable populations such as older adults, residents with chronic health conditions, and those with financial trouble are most at risk to extreme heat and wildfire impacts. 28 percent of the city’s population is over 65 years. Older adults do not adjust as well as young people to sudden changes in temperature and are more likely to have medical conditions that can worsen with extreme heat (CDC 2017a). Older adults who are living alone are even more at risk as the actions necessary to mitigation extreme heat are more difficult alone. Getting water, changing clothes, showering, or turning on the air conditioner may be more difficult for older adults with physical disabilities and do not have a partner to assist them. Extreme heat can be highly dangerous to persons with chronic health conditions, because very high temperatures can exacerbate diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, respiratory ailments, and other diseases. Some of these people have weakened immune systems which can make them more likely to contract illnesses and vulnerable to human health hazards. In addition, they may be taking medications that make the effects of extreme heat worse (CDC 2017b). While there are not many households in poverty in the city, those who are have limited financial resources to upgrade their homes to have air conditioning to better resist extreme heat. Older adults, residents with chronic health conditions, and those with financial trouble are the populations most at risk to wildfire impacts. Older adults are almost three times more likely to die in a fire than the overall population (USFA 2017), and typically have increased mobility or mental health issues. Therefore, older adults, especially those in the city living alone, have more difficulties evacuating to safe areas when there is a need. Those in Rolling Hills with limited financial resources are more unlikely to retrofit their homes to better resist climate- related hazards such as wildfires. In addition to direct impacts, indirect impacts such as poor air quality also creates public health hazards to the city. Recent California wildfires in August and September 2020 had areas of California recording the worst air quality in the world and highlighted the hazards of secondary impacts from wildfires, which could impact the city from fires throughout the State. Older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions are likely to be impacted most by these secondary impacts. Also, those with limited finances or without air conditioning would be impacted by secondary smoke impacts that occur during local and regional wildfires. Infrastructure Access roads, residential structures, and community facilities and government buildings are the most vulnerable 499 Climate Change Safety Element 23 infrastructure to wildfire and extreme precipitation impacts from climate change. All city infrastructure is located in a VHFHSZ. Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are critical for access to and evacuation from many areas of the city. Wildfires may not significantly damage the infrastructure, but they could result in closure or the inability to travel on them during wildfire events, which can isolate areas of the city and create severe health and safety risks. Wildfires are unlikely to substantially damage trails directly, but they can force widespread trail closures which are an important asset to the community. The greatest potential impact of life and well- being would be to residential structures, which are the primary structures in the city. In addition, impacts to Rolling Hills Community Association and City Hall structures would impact community functions and government services. Critical infrastructure most at risk in Rolling Hills to minor flooding impacts and landslides from increased storms would be access roads, bridle trails, electrical utility lines, and water systems. Because Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are critical for access to and evacuation from the city, any damage or closure can effectively isolate areas of the city, potentially creating severe health and safety risks. Bridle trails are predominantly located in canyon areas, which would be more susceptible to flooding and landslides. Landslides could impact utilities, as seen in the existing Flying Triangle Landslide area, which has moved utility lines above ground in certain areas due to the continuous movement of the earth in this area. Due to the limited accessibility of the city, there is a medium potential for impacts to access roads and bridle trails and a low potential impact for the remaining vulnerable infrastructure. Services Energy delivery, specifically electricity delivery, could be impacted from increased wildfires. Direct impacts to Southern California Edison electricity transmission infrastructure could impact power in the city. In addition, utility companies have begun shutting off power to areas to avoid wildfires during times when weather creates high wildfire risk. Public safety services could be strained during wildfire events, which are expected to increase. Overall, climate change impacts from wildfire are projected to have the greatest potential impact to the city. 500 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 24 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Hazard Mitigation Goal 1 Minimization of Loss of Life, Injury, and Property Damage Resulting from Geologic Hazards Policy 1.1 Ensure that existing structures throughout the City meet seismic safety standards and that new facilities are developed to updated standards. Implementation Measure 1.1.1: The City will work with Los Angeles County Building and Safety Department and other agencies to ensuring that all proposed structures in the city meet current seismic safety code requirements. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building and Safety Department Funding: General Fund and permit fees Policy 1.2 Support earthquake strengthening and provision of alternative or backup services, such as water, sewer, electricity, and natural gas pipelines and connections, especially in areas of high seismic or geologic high hazard or where weak segments are identified by existing or future studies. Implementation Measure 1.2.1: Require future development in active fault areas to provide geotechnical studies indicating the location of the fault trace relative to proposed improvements and identify appropriate mitigation. The City will evaluate the seismic risk to existing infrastructure in these areas and where appropriate, examine the feasibility of mitigating the risk over time. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building and Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Policy 1.3 Enforce seismic design provisions from the California Building Code into all development and ensure adequate review and inspection. Implementation Measure 1.3.1: The City will work with Los Angeles County Building and Safety Department and other agencies to ensuring that all proposed structures in the city meet current seismic safety code requirements. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building and Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Implementation Measure 1.3.2: Require fault investigations along traces of the Palos Verdes and Cabrillo faults to comply with guidelines implemented by the Alquist-Priolo Special Studies Zone Act. Buildings for human occupancy should be set back a minimum of 50 feet from those faults that are shown to be active or from fault traces where the risk cannot be determined. 501 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 25 Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building and Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Policy 1.4 Require review by a structural engineer when a critical building or facility undergoes substantial improvements. Implementation Measure 1.4.1: City staff will review existing ordinances to ensure that the appropriate review requirements are included in them. In addition, the Seismic Safety Ordinance will require a structural engineer to review development proposals in designated Special Studies Zones. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Policy 1.5 Ensure that water supplies are not interrupted by seismic events such as surface rupture, ground shaking or ground failure. Implementation Measure 1.5.1: The City may conduct a seismic vulnerability assessment of current water supply systems to address peak load water supply requirements. If the vulnerability assessment indicates a potential interruption of water supply due to damage from a seismic event, designate emergency sources of water. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 1.6 Discourage development adjacent to earthquake faults and other geological hazards. Implementation Measure 1.6.1: All development will comply with the Seismic Hazards Overlay Zone. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Policy 1.7 Continue to require preliminary investigations of tract sites by State-registered geotechnical engineers and certified engineering geologists (Chapter 70 County Building Code) and ensure regular inspection of grading operations. Implementation Measure 1.7.1: The City will continue to enforce the Building Code and Safety regulations. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund 502 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 26 Goal 2 Minimization of Loss of Life, Injury, and Property Damage Due to Flood Hazards Policy 2.1 Maintain storm drains to prevent local flooding and debris flows, and encourage residents to assist in maintaining those drains that are the responsibility of the homeowner. Implementation Measure 2.1.1: The City will cooperate with the Los Angeles County Public Works Department to maintain storm drains in the City. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 2.1.2: The City will encourage homeowner maintenance of storm drains by developing educational materials to be added to the City website and included in the City’s newsletter. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 2.2 Avoid construction in canyon bottoms and participate in the National Flood Insurance Program. Require new development or expansion of existing development adjacent to canyons to assess potential environmental impacts from increased run-off and erosion and evaluate appropriate mitigation. Mitigation measures should address projected impacts from climate change. Implementation Measure 2.2.1: The City will evaluate the flood hazard potential and address climate change impacts in future environmental review. The City will ensure that development in areas designated as a Flood Hazard Overlay Zone mitigates potential flood impacts. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Implementation Measure 2.2.2: The City will require the submission of soil engineering reports for land development permits when soil erosion problems are suspected. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund and private developers 503 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 27 Goal 3 Minimization of Loss of Life, Injury, and Property Damage Resulting from Fire Hazards Policy 3.1 Develop stringent initial site design and on-going maintenance standards incorporating adequate mitigation measures into individual developments to achieve an acceptable level of risk, considering the increased risk associated with increased wildland fire hazards due to climate change. Implementation Measure 3.1.1: The City will work with the Los Angeles County Fire Department, Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department, and Rolling Hills Community Association to review current standards for wildfire prevention and improve standards and/or regulations where required. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.1.2: The City will implement recommended fire mitigation strategies from the Community Wildfire Protection Plan including infrastructure hardening and vegetation management for and around existing and new development. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department/Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 3.2 Reduce potential fire ignition sources. Implementation Measure 3.2.1: The City will continue to implement the utility undergrounding projects described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.2.2: Designate and publicize emergency access routes with the city and sub region. Prioritize undergrounding of utilities to enhance reliability of emergency access routes and minimize conflagration hazards from fallen power lines. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 3.3 Develop and implement a comprehensive retrofit strategy for existing structures. Implementation Measure 3.3.1: The City will develop and implement a comprehensive retrofit strategy for existing structures and lifeline utilities in very high fire risk areas to increase public safety and reduce the risk of property loss and damage during wildfires. 504 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 28 Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.3.2: Enforce existing ordinances and regulations that apply to roofing materials. The City will enforce a Class A Roofing Ordinance for all structure, as described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. The City will require old roofs to be removed prior to reroofing to increase the fire-resistance of the structure. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department/Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 3.4 Ensure that all new residential development has at least two emergency evacuations. Implementation Measure 3.4.1: The City will review and update emergency response and evacuation plans and procedures annually to reflect current conditions and community needs. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.4.2: Create secondary access in communities with single access. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.4.3: Identify special populations and large animals, especially horses, that may need assistance to evacuate. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 3.5 Whenever feasible, locate the following outside flood and fire hazard zones: health care facilities, emergency shelters, fire stations, emergency command centers, and emergency communications facilities. Implementation Measure 3.5.1: The City will require review of new essential facilities and, as necessary, development of measures to avoid flood and fire hazard impacts. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers 505 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 29 Policy 3.6 Educate residents on fire hazard reduction strategies to employ on their properties, focusing on the most vulnerable populations such as older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions. Implementation Measure 3.6.1: The City will promote vegetation management strategies outlined in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan (i.e., fuel management in canyons and fire fuel management standards for individual properties) in the City's quarterly newsletter, through the website, brochures, videos, and block captain meetings. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 3.7 Work with the County to ensure that all fire equipment remains operable and adequate to respond to a major disaster. Implementation Measure 3.7.1: City staff will monitor the City's fire protection rating and cooperate with the Fire Department in the correction of deficiencies. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 3.8 Require new development to meet or exceed hardening requirements in the most current version of the California Building Codes and California Fire Code. Policy 3.9 Evaluate evacuation route capacity, safety, and viability under a range of emergency scenarios as part of the next update to the Rolling Hills Hazard Mitigation Plan, in accordance with AB 747. Policy 3.10 Update the City's development standards to be in conformance with title 14, CCR, division 1.5, chapter 7, subchapter 2, articles 1-5 (commencing with section 1270) (SRA Fire Safe Regulations) and title 14, CCR, division 1.5, chapter 7, subchapter 3, article 3 (commencing with section 1299.01) (Fire Hazard Reduction Around Buildings and Structures Regulations). Policy 3.11 Minimize risks to existing development by identifying existing non-conforming development to contemporary fire safe standards, in terms of road standards and vegetative hazard, and requiring all development to meet or exceed CCR, division 1.5, chapter 7, subchapter 2, articles 1-5 requirements (SRA Fire Safe Regulations). Policy 3.12 Require fire protection plans for all new development. Policy 3.13 Require all properties in the city to enforce precautionary measures to create defensible space including, but not limited to, maintaining a fire break by removing brush and flammable vegetation located within 30 feet of the property, maintaining any tree adjacent to or overhanging any building free of dead or dying wood, and maintaining roofs free of leaves, needles, or other dead vegetation growth, as described in the Rolling Hills Hazard Mitigation Plan. 506 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 30 Policy 3.14 Evaluate the City’s capacity to adequately suppress wildfire, taking into account water supply availability, as part of the next Rolling Hills Hazard Mitigation Plan update. Policy 3.15 Coordinate with Palos Verdes Water District to support the provision of adequate water availability throughout the City and provision of adequate water storage to meet future peak fire demand during times of peak domestic demands. Policy 3.16 Maintain emergency roadways and improve them as necessary and appropriate to ensure ongoing serviceability. Policy 3.17 Establish and maintain community fire breaks and fuel modification/reduction zones, including public and private road clearance. Policy 3.18 Require that all homes have visible street addressing and signage. Goal 4 Minimization of Impacts to Life and Property Associated with the Use, Storage, or Transport of Hazardous Materials Policy 4.1 Restrict the travel of vehicles carrying hazardous material through the city. Implementation Measure 4.1.1: The City will ensure the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department enforce licensing and current laws regarding the transport of hazardous materials through the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 4.2 Work to promote the safe use and disposal of household hazardous wastes. Implementation Measure 4.2.1: The City will work with agencies responsible for the disposal of household hazardous wastes. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund 507 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 31 Community Communication Goal 5 Protection of the Community from Disasters and Emergencies Policy 5.1 Designate and develop specific critical facilities as emergency centers to serve the entire City and work with other cities to maintain existing trauma care facilities that serve the region. Implementation Measure 5.1.1: The City will meet with other communities in the region to discuss the loss of trauma care centers in the region. The City will examine the feasibility of establishing the development of a critical/trauma care unit at one of the local clinics or hospitals in the region. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.2 Cooperate with the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department to ensure that law enforcement services are ready and available to serve the city in the event of a major disaster. Implementation Measure 5.2.1: City staff will monitor the City's contract and budget with the Sheriff’s Department to ensure that adequate service levels are maintained. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.3 Develop and coordinate medical assistance procedures in the event of a major disaster. Implementation Measure 5.3.1: City staff will develop and update the Emergency Operations Plan, which will be distributed to the community. The update of the Emergency Operations Plan will include an assessment of current emergency service and projected emergency service needs, and goals or standards for emergency services training for City staff and volunteers. Timing: Ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.4 Inventory and, where necessary, acquire supplemental disaster communication equipment and other equipment, tools, and supplies used by Block Captains during an emergency. Implementation Measure 5.4.1: City staff will complete an inventory of infrastructure needed to support emergency communications and equipment needed for use by Block Captains and the City to communicate during emergencies, as described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager 508 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 32 Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.4.2: A survey will be done by the City periodically to establish an inventory of equipment which could be used in the event of a major disaster. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.5 Ensure that adequate provisions are made to supply drinking water for extended periods of time in the event of a major disaster. Implementation Measure 5.5.1: City staff will inventory sources of potable water that could be used in the event of an emergency and the means to distribute that water to residents and others in the Planning Area. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 5.6 Develop procedures to follow in the event of wildfire, flooding, erosion, and possible reservoir failure and investigate ways of reducing the likelihood of their occurrence. Implementation Measure 5.6.1: The City will update the Hazard Mitigation Plan every five years to reduce the risk from hazards by identifying resources, information, and strategies for risk reduction, while helping to guide and coordinate mitigation activities throughout the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.6.2: City staff will develop and maintain an Emergency Operations Plan, which will set forth an operating strategy for managing potential emergencies (as described in the Hazard Mitigation Plan) Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.7 Ensure that City Hall maintains a current emergency supply of water, food, blankets, and first aid to provide for all employees for a 3-day period. Implementation Measure 5.7.1: A City staff person will be assigned the task of compiling a list of supplies and maintaining an adequate stockpile. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.8 Encourage private businesses to develop disaster preparedness plans for their employees. 509 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 33 Implementation Measure 5.8.1: The City will prepare and distribute a brochure outlining recommendations for stockpiling supplies for employees. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.9 Encourage residents to attend periodic training programs on wildfire mitigation and disaster planning, and to develop disaster preparedness and evacuation plans. Implementation Measure 5.9.1: The City will work with the RHCA and Block Captains to launch a communication and education program that will include a workshop on How to Develop an Evacuation Plan for your Family, as described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.9.2: The City will work with the RHCA and Block Captains to promote training programs on wildfire mitigation and disaster planning through the newsletter and the City website. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.10 Support the development and further implementation of a peninsula-wide disaster plan. Implementation Measure 5.10.1: The City will coordinate its disaster planning efforts with neighboring jurisdictions in the region as part of Hazard Mitigation Plan updates Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.11 Increase public awareness of City emergency response plans, evacuation routes and shelters, and in ways to reduce risks at the home and office, focusing on the most vulnerable populations such as older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions. Implementation Measure 5.11.1: The City will prepare communication materials outlining procedures to follow in the event of a major disaster. These materials will be distributed to every household and business in the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.11.2: The City will maintain the City-wide Neighborhood Watch program. 510 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 34 Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.11.3: The City will define refuge areas in the event of a wildfire event to include in the Emergency Operations Plan. This effort will be led by the Fire Department and the Sherriff’s Department. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.11.4: The City will distribute educational materials for large animal evacuation, consistent with Community Wildfire Protection Plan recommendations. This will include adding the information to the City website and including it in the City’s newsletter during the fire season. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.11.5: The City will work with Block Captains to provide emergency education and information through the City’s newsletter and website and by providing workshops and seminars described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.12 Maintain a Hazard Mitigation Plan. Implementation Measure 5.12.1: The City will coordinate with the American Red Cross and Los Angeles County Fire, Sheriff, and Public Social Services to develop specific plans for responding to emergencies as part of Hazard Mitigation Plan updates. The City will submit copies of its Hazard Mitigation Plan to the Los Angeles County Fire and Sheriff’s Departments for review. The City will review similar plans prepared by neighboring cities. Timing: Every five years Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund 511 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 35 Policy 5.13 Ensure maximum accessibility throughout the city in the event of a disaster. Implementation Measure 5.13.1: The City will ensure that multipurpose trails are maintained in order to be serviceable by emergency vehicles in the event of a disaster. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.14 Ensure the reliability of essential facilities such as communications towers, electrical substations, water services, and first-response buildings in the event of an emergency through promoting grid resilience and energy independence. Work to implement on-site power generation through solar photovoltaic systems and battery storage. Implementation Measure 5.14.1: The City will work with telecommunication providers to identify opportunities to improve reliability of cell service throughout the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.14.2: The City will work with electricity and natural gas providers to identify opportunities to promote grid resilience. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.14.3: The City will seek funding to enhance telecommunication service. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.14.4: The City will provide educational materials to residents (i.e., newsletter, webpage, brochure) to promote solar panels and battery storage installation on existing development. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.15 Minimize the risk of spread of infectious diseases and associated economic disruption. Implementation Measure 5.15.1: The City will coordinate with the County of Los Angeles Public Health Department to provide testing and contact tracing resources to the Rolling Hills community. Timing: Immediate and ongoing 512 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 36 Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.15.2: The City will maintain up-to-date public health services on the City’s website. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.15.3: The City will explore the need for additional marketing campaigns to promote public safety protocol among City departments. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measures 5.15.4: The City will partner with local non- governmental organizations (NGOs) to provide additional support and services in the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measures 5.15.5: The City will partner with community groups and neighborhood organizations to advertise what resources are available to residents. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund 513 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 37 Policy 5.16 Increase access to essential resources and facilitate effective communication in the community to accelerate recovery following such a disaster. Implementation Measure 5.16.1: The City will connect the newly unemployed with talent-seeking industries, such as through a job portal. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.16.2: The City will supplement federal relief efforts, such as creating a resilience fund for residents to assist those in need. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.17 Provide City officials with a basis for disaster preparedness decision making and establish a public education program for disaster preparedness. Implementation Measure 5.17.1: The Emergency Services Coordinator will conduct annual meetings with City personnel to ensure they are familiar with procedures outlined in the Hazard Mitigation Plan and Emergency Operations Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.18 Establish a line of command to ensure that the decision-making process will function satisfactorily in the event of a major disaster. Implementation Measure 5.18.1: The City will implement the Hazard Mitigation Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.19 Coordinate with citizen groups, such as Block Captains, and organizations to establish a viable body to provide emergency assistance in the event of a natural disaster. Implementation Measure 5.19.1: The City Emergency Services Coordinator will work with local equestrian groups and other organizations to establish a Rolling Hills Search and Rescue Team. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund 514 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 38 Policy 5.20 Encourage cooperation among adjacent communities to provide back-up law enforcement assistance in emergency situations. Implementation Measure 5.20.1: The City will submit copies of its Hazard Mitigation Plan updates to the Los Angeles County Fire and Sheriff’s Departments for review. The City will review similar plans prepared by neighboring cities. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.21 Incorporate health threats into early warning systems. Implementation Measures 5.21.1: Partner with the Los Angeles County Vector Control District and the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health to develop and enhance disaster and emergency early warning systems to incorporate objective data and information for potential health threats such as heat-illness, illnesses complicated by low air quality, precipitation events, and vector borne diseases due to climate change hazards. Goal 6 Maintenance of Public Safety for All Residents Policy 6.1 Work with, and support the Sheriff’s Department in crime prevention and law enforcement efforts, to make sure there are adequate resources to meet the needs of the community. Implementation Measure 6.1.1: The City will conduct an annual review of its contract with the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department to ensure current service standards are maintained. Alternatives will be considered if service levels are considered inadequate. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 6.2 Cooperate with neighboring cities, Los Angeles County, California State and U.S. Federal agencies in crime prevention and law enforcement. Implementation Measure 6.2.1: The City will continue to regularly coordinate with all law enforcement agencies in combating crime. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 6.3 Evaluate the incidence of crime and develop measures needed to deter crime or apprehend the criminals. Implementation Measure 6.3.1: The City will monitor crime statistics for the peninsula and the city. The City will meet with Los Angeles County on a regular basis to discuss programs, ordinances, and other measures that will be effective in combating crime. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund 515 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 39 Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience Goal 7 Protection of the Community from the Effects of Climate Change Policy 7.1 The City will continue to enforce updated State-mandated water conservation regulations. Implementation Measure 7.1.1: The City will continue to update the City’s zoning ordinance as necessary to enforce and implement State-mandated water conservation regulations. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.2 Prepare for and adapt to the effects of climate change by considering climate change vulnerability in planning decisions, including those involving new public facilities and private development. Implementation Measure 7.2.1: The City will: a. Re-evaluate the City’s Climate Change Vulnerability analysis over time, as new data becomes available b. Update mitigation strategies and the City’s vulnerability and adaptive capacity, as appropriate c. Identify opportunities for new goals and policies related to climate change using the best available data. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.3 Amend the local building code to account for climate change stressors. Implementation Measure 7.3.1: The City will amend the local building code to take into account additional stressors on buildings including, increased storm events and intensity, flood proofing for intermittent inundation, slope/soils, subsidence risk and erosion potential in securing foundations, building materials to reduce the impacts of high heat days, and fireproofing in preparation for increasing fire risk. Timing: Immediate Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.4 The City will engage surrounding jurisdictions in climate adaptation planning. Implementation Measure 7.4.1: Ensure the community’s engagement strategy for climate adaptation planning includes surrounding jurisdictions to identify synergies and harmonization of policies. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund 516 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 40 Policy 7.5 Partner with the South Bay Cities Council of Government to implement climate adaptation strategies at the sub-regional level. Implementation Measure 7.5.1: Collaborate with the South Bay Cities Council of Governments Senior Services Working Group to ensure that service providers in and around Rolling Hills are educated on the climate risks of the area and steps they can take to better serve and protect vulnerable groups in Rolling Hills. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 7.5.2: Implement climate adaptation strategies that can address issues at a local and sub-regional level and issues in which coordination and pooling of resources (i.e., emergency centers, transit agency support in an emergency, and large animal evacuation centers) is a benefit to all participating communities. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.6 Update emergency/disaster response measures to account for increased heat days. Implementation Measure 7.6.1: As part of the Hazard Mitigation Plan and Emergency Operations Plan, update response measures to account for an increased number of heat days and their impacts on current and future response mechanisms such as warning systems, emergency response and medical service coordination, and shelters. Timing: Every five years Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.7 Provide education on heat related illness. Implementation Measure 7.7.1: Incorporate links and references on the City website and incorporate interpretive signage at multi-use path trailheads providing education on heat related illness and personal care steps. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.8 Require air conditioning alternatives. Implementation Measure 7.8.1: Require alternatives to air conditioning such as ceiling fans, air exchangers, increased insulation and low-solar-gain exterior materials to reduce peak electrical demands during high heat events to ensure reliability of the electrical grid. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund 517 References Safety Element 41 References California Department of Toxic Substances and Control (DTSC). 2020. EnviroStor. https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/?myaddress=rolling+hills%2C+ca. Accessed August 2020. Center for Disease Control (CDC). 2017a. Heat and Older Adults. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/older-adults-heat.html. Accessed September 2020. ____. 2017b. Heat and People with Chronic Medical Conditions. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/medical.html. Accessed September 2020. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2008. Flood Insurance Rate Map 06037C1940F. Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department (LACSD). 2021. Altadena Station Part I Crimes. https://lasd.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Transparency_Crime_Arrest_Patrol- CurrentMonth-YTD_2019v2020.pdf. Accessed December 2021. ____. 2019. Hazard Mitigation Plan. January 16, 2019. ____. 2020. Community Wildfire Protection Plan. July 2020. Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC). 2013. Hazards and Threats Earthquakes List of Major Active Surface Faults in Southern California. March. U.S. Census Bureau. 2018. Rolling Hills, City 2018 ACS 5-Year Estimates. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Rolling%20Hills%20city,%20California&g=1600000U S0662602&tid=ACSDP5Y2018.DP05&hidePreview=false. Western Region Climate Center (WRCC). 2016. Period of Record Monthly Climate Summary. https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca8973. Accessed August 2020. 518 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 42 This page intentionally left blank. 519 Appendix A Existing Conditions Report 520 Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element Existing Conditions Report prepared by City of Rolling Hills Planning and Community Services 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, California 90274 prepared with the assistance of Rincon Consultants, Inc. 706 South Hill Street, Suite 1200 Los Angeles, California 90014 October 2020 521 Table of Contents Existing Conditions Report i Table of Contents Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 1 Key Findings .................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 2 Hazards of Concern................................................................................................................................. 6 Geologic Hazards ............................................................................................................................ 6 Flooding .......................................................................................................................................... 9 Wildland and Urban Fires .............................................................................................................12 Hazardous Materials .....................................................................................................................16 Emergency Response and Evacuation ..........................................................................................16 Climate Change Vulnerability ...............................................................................................................19 Exposure .......................................................................................................................................20 Community Sensitivity ..................................................................................................................24 Potential Impacts ..........................................................................................................................26 Adaptive Capacity .........................................................................................................................31 Vulnerability Scoring .....................................................................................................................32 Summary of Issues and Opportunities .................................................................................................36 Hazards of Concern and Community Sensitivity ..........................................................................36 Opportunities ...............................................................................................................................36 References ............................................................................................................................................38 Tables Table 1 Rolling Hills Climate Summary ............................................................................................ 2 Table 2 Rolling Hills Demographic Characteristics ........................................................................... 3 Table 3 Faults Located within 50 Miles of Rolling Hills .................................................................... 8 Table 4 Changes in Annual Average Precipitation .........................................................................23 Table 5 Rolling Hills Existing Adaptive Capacity.............................................................................31 Table 6 Vulnerability Score Matrix ................................................................................................33 Table 7 Vulnerability Assessment Results .....................................................................................34 Figures Figure 1 Critical Facilities Map .......................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2 Landslide Hazard Zones ...................................................................................................... 7 Figure 3 Faults in the Vicinity of Rolling Hills ..................................................................................10 Figure 4 Rolling Hills Liquefaction Hazard Areas .............................................................................11 Figure 5 Dam Inundation Areas ......................................................................................................14 Figure 6 Fire Hazard Zones ..............................................................................................................15 522 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element ii Figure 7 Existing Evacuation Routes ...............................................................................................18 Figure 8 Historical and Projected Annual Average Maximum Temperature in Rolling Hills ..........21 Figure 9 Number of Extreme Heat Days by Year in Rolling Hills .....................................................22 Figure 10 Changes in Intensity of Extreme Precipitation Events in Rolling Hills...............................24 523 Summary Existing Conditions Report 1 Summary Key Findings  The city is most at risks to impacts from wildfire, extreme heat, and landslide events, which are all anticipated to increase as a result of climate change impacts. Vulnerable populations such as older adults and residents with chronic health conditions are most at risk to extreme heat and wildfire impacts. Access roads and residential structures are also the most vulnerable to wildfire and landslide impacts from climate change.  The city has a moderate risk for shaking potential from earthquakes.  Flood risks in the city are minimal and limited to natural drainage areas in the canyons.  Vegetation clearing along roadways is a concern and major goal for improving fire response and evacuation in the city.  Evacuation strategies and education are important to reduce risk from hazards due to the lack of evacuation routes in the city and the remote development on private roads. The need to further analyze evacuation routes and access is one of the most recent changes in Safety Element requirements. A key opportunity for the Safety Element update is to address specific evacuation needs.  The City has recently adopted a number of planning documents such as the Hazard Mitigation Plan and Community Wildfire Protection Plan, which seek to reduce the risk of hazards in the city. An opportunity for the Safety Element update would be to utilize existing recommendations from the Community Wildfire Protection Plan as implementation tools for the Safety Element. 524 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 2 Introduction Section 65302(g) of the California Government Code requires that the General Plan include a Safety Element for the protection of the community from any unreasonable risks associated with the effects of seismically induced surface rupture, ground shaking, ground failure, tsunami, seiche, and dam failure; slope instability leading to mudslides and landslides; subsidence and other geologic hazards; flooding, wildland and urban fire, and climate change adaptation and resilience. In addition, Safety Elements are required to address non-hazard specific issues such as peak load water supply, evacuation routes, and military installations. This Existing Conditions Report is a comprehensive assessment of natural and man-made hazards for the City of Rolling Hills. The report serves as the foundation for the Safety Element and includes detailed Geographic Information System (GIS) hazard mapping and analyses. The following City plans were also utilized for this report along with existing local data from governmental agencies and scientific research: Hazard Mitigation Plan, Community Wildfire Protection Plan, and the existing Safety Element. Setting Rolling Hills covers an area of approximately three square-miles on the Palos Verdes peninsula, approximately 18 miles south of downtown Los Angeles. The topography of the city and peninsula area is unique in that it rises above the Los Angeles Basin with rolling hills, steep slopes, and canyons. The city itself is located in the San Pedro Hills. Due to its location near the coast, the area is cooler and has fewer air quality concerns compared to the nearby Los Angeles Basin. Table 1 summarizes the climatology of the area. Table 1 Rolling Hills Climate Summary Climate Character Estimate Annual Average Observed Maximum Temperature from 1961 - 1990 (Fahrenheit) 71 Annual Average Observed Minimum Temperature from 1961 – 1990 (Fahrenheit) 50 Annual Average Observed Precipitation from 1961 – 1990 (inches) 19 Source: Cal-Adapt 2021 Rolling Hills is a residential community that consists of large parcels and ranch-style homes and has a sizable older adult 1 population of about 513 (28% of the city’s total population). The city is also an equestrian community, as many of residents are horse owners or have horses on their property. Important community demographic data for Rolling Hills is included in Table 2. 1 An older adult is any adult over the age of 65 years old. 525 Introduction Existing Conditions Report 3 Table 2 Rolling Hills Demographic Characteristics Demographic Characteristics Estimate General Total Population 1,8601 Population under 10 years 7 percent Population over 65 years 28 percent1 Race 77 percent White, 18 percent Asian, 5 percent Hispanic/Latino Disability (hearing, vision, cognitive, ambulatory) 12 percent Housing Total Households 6451 Average Household Size 2.76 Owner-occupied Households 96 percent Population over 65 years living alone 15 percent of those over 65 years Employment Unemployment Rate 6 percent Poverty Rate 2 percent Median Income $ 239,000 Insurance Coverage 97 percent Source: U.S. Census 2018 1Information obtained from the Community Wildfire Protection Plan, which is includes more recent data than the U.S Census Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Critical facilities are places that provide emergency services or serve people who would be impacted by an emergency. Examples include hospitals, fire stations, police stations, emergency services facilities, utility facilities, and communication facilities. Critical facilities can also include the transportation system and schools. Due to the size and composition of Rolling Hills, most of the critical facilities that serve the city are located outside of City limits. Critical facilities that serve the city are shown in Figure 1 and include: Rolling Hills City Hall: 2 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA Rolling Hills Community Association: 1 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA Rancho Del Mar High School: 38 Crest Road West, Rolling Hills, CA Storm Hill Park: Agua Magna Canyon, Rolling Hills Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Lomita Station: 26123 Narbonne Avenue, Lomita, CA Los Angeles County Fire Station No. 56: 12 Crest Road West, Rolling Hills, CA Los Angeles County Communications Tower: 5741 Crestridge Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: Crestridge Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: Tarragon Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 526 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 4 Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: 27873 Hawthorn Boulevard, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: Palos Verdes Drive North/Palos Verdes Drive East (SW corner), Rolling Hills Estates, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 3960 East Crest Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: Via Canada, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 1 Spur Lane, Rolling Hills, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 60 Eastfield Drive, Rolling Hills, CA Portuguese Bend Road Crest Road 527 Introduction Existing Conditions Report 5 Figure 1 Critical Facilities Map 528 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 6 Hazards of Concern Geologic Hazards Geologic processes that pose a threat to life, health, property, or infrastructure are considered geologic hazards. Natural geologic hazards that have the potential to affect Rolling Hills include seismic hazards, landslides, liquefaction, expansive soils, and weathering. In most cases, these natural processes cannot be prevented; however, the magnitude of destruction resulting from natural geologic hazards can be reduced through planning policies and measures. Landslide Hazards Landslide activity refers to a wide range of gravity driven downslope earth movement, including rockslides, rotational slips, mudslides, and shallow debris flows. Geological and geomorphological conditions such as soil type, soil strength, slope angle, and slope height predispose slopes to failure. Other factors affecting the susceptibility to slope failure include the amount of precipitation, vegetation on the slope, groundwater seepage, and human modifications to the slope. Landslides often result in damage to property and roadways and can cause them to become unsafe due to displacement of the subsurface. A majority of the existing development in Rolling Hills is located on hilly terrain and have a greater potential to experience landslide hazards. Many of the canyons in Rolling Hills exhibit steep slopes with little vegetation coverage, leaving them susceptible to slope failure. Figure 2 shows the landslide zones within the City of Rolling Hills, as mapped by the California Geological Survey. Landslide activity has been well documented in the region. Relicts of landslides and rockslides are present throughout the City of Rolling Hills. The following major landslides have occurred within and adjacent to the city. All are within the landslide hazards areas identified in Figure 2:  Portuguese Bend Landslide: Beginning in 2 1956 over approximately 270 acres in Rancho Palos Verdes  Abalone Cove Landslide: Beginning in 1974 over 80 acres in Rancho Palos Verdes  Klondike Canyon Landslide: Beginning in 1979 over to the south near the coastline  Flying Triangle Landslide: Beginning in 1970s or 1980s over approximately 70 acres in the south area of the city The Flying Triangle Landslide continues to impact the southeast portion of the city through impacts to private roads and requiring above-ground utility lines. This area is relatively unsuitable for development due to the ongoing changes in topography. Seismic Hazards Rolling Hills is located in a seismically active region of southern California. The last major earthquake in the Los Angeles area was the 5.1 magnitude La Habra earthquake in 2014. Rolling Hills is located within 50 miles of the Whittier fault, Newport-Inglewood fault, Palos Verdes fault, Malibu Coast 2 “Beginning in” is defined as the first noted event of major rock movement 529 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 7 Figure 2 Landslide Hazard Zones 530 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 8 fault, Cabrillo fault, Santa Monica fault, and Redondo Canyon fault. Analysis of seismic data from the region indicates that the Whittier and Newport-Inglewood faults may generate a maximum credible earthquake of magnitude 7.2 and 7.4, respectively (Southern California Earthquake Center 2013). Figure 3 shows the faults in the vicinity of Rolling Hills. Typically, seismic shaking and fault rupture are primary hazards as they occur as a direct result of the interaction between the seismic wave energy and the earth’s surface. Secondary hazards, such as liquefaction and earthquake-induced landslides, occur as a result of the primary earthquake hazards. Often, earthquake activity can result in other effects such as building damage/collapse, infrastructure failure, pipeline breakage, and damage to transportation and communication facilities. The size of the earthquake and distance from the fault rupture zone typically determine the severity of these events. Seismic Shaking Seismic shaking, or ground shaking, refers to the movement of the earth’s surface resulting from the energy release by an earthquake. Seismic shaking is typically the primary cause of property damage resulting from earthquake activity. Seismic shaking has the ability to destroy buildings, roadways, powerlines, and pipelines. Energy transmitted through the ground has the potential to travel hundreds of miles and may cause damage in many locations simultaneously. Closer proximity to the fault rupture area results in stronger shaking in that location. The amount of ground shaking that occurs in a location is dependent on the magnitude of the earthquake, the distance from the epicenter, and local soil conditions. The intensity of ground shaking is related to the peak ground velocity during an earthquake. According to the CGS Map Sheet 48, the earthquake shaking potential for Rolling Hills is moderate. The intensity of seismic shaking is measured using the Modified Mercalli scale. According to the California Geologic Survey, an active fault is one that has experienced surface movement in the past 11,000 years. The city is located near a number of active faults, including the Cabrillo Fault within city limits. Table 3 includes a list of nearby faults, their respective distance from the city, the maximum credible earthquake generated from each fault, and the likelihood of earthquake occurrence in each case. Table 3 Faults Located within 50 Miles of Rolling Hills Fault Name Approximate Distance from Rolling Hills Whittier 25 miles east Newport-Inglewood 9 miles east Palos Verdes <1 mile north Malibu Coast 20 miles northwest Cabrillo Located within the City boundaries in the southwest Santa Monica 20 miles north-northwest The San Andreas fault is located approximately 80 miles to the east of Rolling Hills. Although the San Andreas fault is located at a greater distance from the city, seismic shaking originating from earthquakes occurring along the San Andreas fault poses a threat to the city. Figure 3 identifies the active and inactive faults located within the city and vicinity. 531 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 9 Fault Rupture Fault Rupture occurs when seismic movement on a fault breaks through the earth’s surface. Hazards related to fault rupture arise when structures are built near or on top of an active fault. While there are a number of seismically active faults in the city and region, there are no active faults with the potential for ground rupture, defined by the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act and delineated by CGS. Figure 3 shows the designated Alquist-Priolo study zones, the closest of which is the Newport-Inglewood Fault approximately nine miles northeast of the city. Liquefaction and Settlement Liquefaction is a ground failure phenomenon that occurs as a result of a seismic event. Liquefaction increases water content in surface soils until the soil reaches a semi-liquid state, contributing to a reduction in support, and ultimately resulting in shifting or subsidence of buildings and utilities. Ground failure typically occurs when the following conditions exist:  Loose, unconsolidated granular soils  Shallow groundwater  Strong seismic ground shaking While the Rolling Hills has moderate to high seismic shaking potential, the subsurface soils generally lack saturated alluvial deposits and thick, granular soils. Figure 4 shows the liquefaction hazard areas, which are located in the low-lying areas to the east and north, generally surrounding the Los Angeles Harbor and Harbor Lake. Liquefaction potential for Rolling Hills is low, as shown in Figure 4. Earthquake Induced Landslides Ground failure or destabilization of slopes resulting from an earthquake can also occur following seismic activity in the form of Earthquake-Induced Landslides. Earthquake-induced landslides typically occur in areas with steep slopes or unstable soil conditions. As discussed above under Landslide Hazards, the risk of landslide activity in Rolling Hills is high. Much of the city overlies areas that have been identified as landslide zones by the California Geological Survey. Risk of landslide activity increases following rainfall events that result in saturated soils. Both shallow and deep seeded landslides have historically occurred in the city. Flooding Rolling Hills participates in the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) National Flood Insurance Program. According to the FEMA flood maps, the city is not located in a flood hazard area and currently has a less than 0.2 percent annual chance to be inundated by flood waters as a result of a storm event (FEMA 2008). Overall, the city is not in any immediate risk from flooding caused by overflowing water bodies or heavy rains. However, runoff and minor flooding pose a risk if drainage systems fail along canyon bottoms, where natural drainage leads to. 532 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 10 Figure 3 Faults in the Vicinity of Rolling Hills 533 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 11 Figure 4 Rolling Hills Liquefaction Hazard Areas 534 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 12 Dam Inundation No water storage facilities that the State of California identifies as dams are located in Rolling Hills. Just outside city limits are three water storage facilities identified as dams, which include:  Palos Verdes Reservoir: Owned by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California and located at the southeast corner of Palos Verdes Drive East and Palos Verdes Drive North. According to the California Department of Water Resources, the reservoir can hold approximately 1,100 gallons of water and has an extremely high downstream hazard.  10 MG Walteria and 18 MG Walteria: Two reinforced concrete tanks which are owned by the City of Torrance and located at Crenshaw Boulevard and Crest Road. The tanks can hold 31 and 58 acre-feet (AF) of water respectively. Senate Bill 92, adopted in 2017, is a new dam safety requirement that requires dam owners to map the downstream inundation areas for dams governed by the Department of Water Resources. Figure 5 shows the inundation areas for the nearby water storage facilities. Due to their locations and the topography of the area, the inundation areas do not enter or affect any portion of the city. Wildland and Urban Fires The entire City of Rolling Hills is designated a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire), as shown in Figure 6. Rolling Hills terrain is comprised of several large and steep canyons that limit and challenge vegetation management and present conditions where a fire can quickly travels up and downslope to nearby homes. Due to the rural nature and large residential lots, many homes are surrounded by substantial vegetation and dense brush than in more suburban settings. The bridle trails for hikers and equestrian access also contain dense vegetation and management difficulties, which contributes to the fire risk of the city. Electrical power lines pose a hazard to starting fires in the city if lines are not automatically de-energized when knocked down by extreme weather or if the surrounding vegetation is not adequately managed. There is a history of fires in the city and the surrounding Palos Verdes Peninsula. Three major fires have been documented on the Peninsula and in the city in:  1973: almost 1,000 acres burned, and 13 homes destroyed  2005: 212 acres burned near Del Cero Park  2009: 230 acres burned and forced 1,200 residents on the Peninsula to evacuate For many of the developed residences in the city that are vulnerable to fires, their risk may increase with the presence of construction techniques that may not meet current wildfire standards. Rolling Hills Building Code and Los Angeles County Fire Department, under the VHFHSZ standards, require new development to include more stringent design and material standards for roofing, eaves, and rafter tails as well as exterior finishes and fire buffer zones. While compliance with these standards reduces the vulnerability to new structures, existing structures that have not complied with these standards may be susceptible to undue fire risk. Existing Fire Risk Reduction Strategies  Rolling Hills Municipal Code (RHMC) Chapter 8.30: Fire Fuel Abatement  VHRHSZ building requirements 535 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 13  Los Angeles County Fire Department property line and structure vegetation buffer requirements  Rolling Hills Community Wildfire Protection Plan vegetation management standard recommendations  Rolling Hills Community Association 536 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 14 Figure 5 Dam Inundation Areas 537 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 15 Figure 6 Fire Hazard Zones 538 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 16 Hazardous Materials According to the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC), there are no hazardous waste sites or facilities in Rolling Hills (DTSC 2020). The city and surrounding area do not contain heavy industrial uses that would create a hazardous material risk in the event of a spill, release, or natural disaster. The city is not located near any major transit routes involving transport of a substantial quantity of hazardous material through the city. However, the nearby oil refineries (located along Sepulveda Boulevard approximately six miles northeast) and Port operations (located approximately three miles to the east) could create air quality impacts if wind patterns and release events occur. Air quality impacts are discussed in the Open Space and Conservation Element of the Rolling Hills General Plan. Emergency Response and Evacuation Police Response and Crime The Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department is contracted with the city to provide police services and protection to the city. The Lomita Station of the Sheriff’s Department located at 26123 Narbonne Avenue, approximately 1.5 miles northeast of the Portuguese Bend Road entrance, serves the city. According to the Lomita Station crimes report from January 1, 2020, through June 30, 2020, Rolling Hills had three reported crimes (LACSD 2020). The crimes were related to theft, assault, and burglary. Outside the city limits and in the Lomita District, 433 crimes were reported during this same period, 71 of which were violent crimes (LACSD 2020). The difference in crimes in the city and the surrounding area is attributed to the private nature of the City. There are three entrances to the city, all of which are gated and staffed 24 hours a day. Visitors are required to be on a resident’s guest list in order to enter city limits. This reduces crime within the city and demand on Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department. Fire Response The Los Angeles County Fire Department provides emergency operations support to the City. Fire Station 56, located at 12 Crest Road West, serves the city under Battalion 14, which also serves the remaining Palos Verdes Peninsula, Lomita, and Catalina Island. Fire response constraints in the city include ability to access certain homes or areas due to inadequate road widths for fire maneuvering. One of the major topics of concern related to fire response in the city relates to vegetation clearing along roadways. Ten-foot clearance on each side of the roadway, especially the limited access roads, is important for fire response and evacuation during a fire, according to Scott Hale, Assistant Fire Chief. Evacuation Strategies and Routes Because a variety of hazards could affect city residents, it is vital to identify critical routes for evacuation in the event of a major event. Figure 7 identifies the existing evacuation routes in the city, which are limited to:  Main Gate at Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North 539 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 17  Crest Gate at Crest Road near Crenshaw Blvd  Eastfield Gate at Eastfield Drive and Palos Verdes Drive East  Crest Road East Gate at the end of Crest Road East Crest Road East Gate at the end of Crest Road East gate has recently been updated with a motor and has no guards. This gate is available as an emergency exit to the city during emergencies. The recently adopted Community Wildfire Protection Plan for the city establishes evacuation strategies and methodologies for the city, which include:  Using the City’s Block Captains as important coordinators and managers of residents in the 24 City zones 3  Communication goals between the City, emergency responders, Rolling Hills Community Association, and residents  Details for residents regarding how people get notified during an actual evacuation and the responsibilities and operations of the Emergency Operations Center  Traffic control responsibilities and levels  Identification of special need residents who may need specific attention and/or assistance 3 The city is divided into 24 zones and each zone has 2-3 block captains to represent the residents within the zone. 540 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 18 Figure 7 Existing Evacuation Routes 541 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 19 Climate Change Vulnerability In accordance with Senate Bill 379, this section provides a climate change vulnerability assessment for Rolling Hills, which evaluates the potential impacts of climate change on community assets and populations. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report defines vulnerability as “the propensity or predisposition to be adversely affected.” It adds that vulnerability “encompasses a variety of concepts and elements including sensitivity or susceptibility to harm and lack of capacity to cope and adapt” (IPCC, 2013). Understanding the vulnerabilities that the city may face due to climate change provides a foundation to define future adaptation strategies for the Safety Element update and other planning efforts in Rolling Hills and the region. Consistent with the California Adaptation Planning Guide (Cal OES 2020) the assessment is comprised of the following five elements:  Exposure – the nature and degree to which the community experiences a stress or hazard;  Sensitivity – the aspects of the community (i.e., people, structures, and functions) most affected by the identified exposures;  Potential Impacts – the nature and degree to which the community is affected by a given stressor, change, or disturbance;  Adaptive Capacity – the ability to cope with extreme events, to make changes, or to transform to a greater extent, including the ability to moderate potential damages and to take advantage of opportunities; and  Vulnerability Scoring – systematic scoring based on potential impacts and adaptive capacity, to inform major climate vulnerabilities to address adaptation framework strategies. In addition to City data, Cal-Adapt was used to complete the assessment. Cal-Adapt is an interactive, online platform developed by the University of California and Berkeley to synthesize climate change projections and climate impact research for California’s scientists and planners. This assessment uses Cal-Adapt to study potential future changes in average and extreme temperatures, precipitation, wildfire, and storms. Cal-Adapt is consistent with State guidance to use the “best available science” for evaluating climate change vulnerability. This assessment uses two greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenarios included in Cal-Adapts analysis: Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5. RCP 4.5 describes a scenario in which GHG emissions peak around 2050, decline over the next 30 years and then stabilize by 2100 while RCP 8.5 is the scenario in which GHG emissions continue to rise through the middle of the century before leveling off around 2100. The climate projections used in this report are from four models selected by California’s Climate Action Team Research Working Group and the California Department of Water Resources. These models include:  A warm/dry simulation (HadGEM2-ES)  A cooler/wetter simulation (CNRM-CM5)  An average simulation (CanESM2) 542 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 20  The model that presents a simulation most unlike these three and incorporates 10 other models, for full representation of possible forecasts (MIROC5)4 The average of the model projections is used in this analysis. Exposure Climate change is a global phenomenon that has the potential to adversely affect local health, natural resources, infrastructure, emergency response, and many other facets of society. Projected changes to climate are dependent on location. According to Cal-Adapt, climate change could lead to increasing temperatures, temperature extremes, and changes in precipitation patterns in Rolling Hills. These conditions could lead to exposure associated with extreme heat, drought, wildfires, and extreme storms in the region. The climate hazards of concern for Rolling Hills addressed in this analysis are:  Extreme Heat  Storms and Extreme Weather  Drought  Wildfire Extreme Heat Figure 8 below shows observed and projected annual average maximum temperature in Rolling Hills. As shown in Figure 8, average temperatures in the city and region have increased, which is a trend at both the local scale and the global scale. Compared to 1990, annual average maximum temperatures in Rolling Hills are expected to rise between 1.8°F and 6.6°F by the end of the century, depending on the GHG emissions scenario (CEC 2020). 4 There were 10 California GCM models that were ranked from 1-10 by California’s Climate Action Team Research Working Group and the California Department of Water Resources for different temperature and precipitation factors. The models ranged from the “warm/dry” model which had all metrics closest to 1 to the “cool/wet” model which had all metrics closest to 10. The MIROC5 displays a pattern of ranking that is most unlike the other 3 models and therefore, is included to represent the full spread of all 10 model simulations. 543 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 21 Figure 8 Historical and Projected Annual Average Maximum Temperature in Rolling Hills 5 Extreme heat is a period when temperatures are abnormally high relative to the normal temperature range. There are generally three types of extreme heat events:  Extreme Heat Days: a day during which the maximum temperature surpasses 98 percent of all historic high temperatures for the area, using the time between April and October from 1950 to 2005 as the baseline  Warm Nights: a day between April to October when the minimum temperature exceeds 98 percent of all historic minimum daytime temperatures observed between 1950 to 2005  Extreme Heat Waves: a successive series of extreme heat days and warm nights where extreme temperatures do not abate. While no universally accepted minimum length of time for a heatwave event exists, Cal-Adapt considers four, successive extreme heat days and warm nights to be the minimum threshold for an extreme heatwave Extreme heat events will feel different from region to region since different areas have different historic high temperatures. For example, an extreme heat day on the coast will feel different than an extreme heat day in the desert. According to Cal-Adapt, an extreme heat day in Rolling Hills involves a temperature that exceeds 91.7 ̊F (CEC 2020). Historically (between 1950 and 2005), Rolling Hills experienced an average four extreme heat days per year, typically occurring between April and October. As a result of rising average temperatures and climate change as discussed above, the city is projected to experience between 8 and 14 extreme heat days annually from 2030 to 2099 under medium and high emissions projections (CEC 5 Chart shows annual average maximum temperature for Rolling Hills (Grid Cell 33.78125, -118.34375) under RCP 8.5 (emissions continue to rise strongly through 2050 and plateau around 2100) 544 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 22 2020). As shown in Figure 9, the number of extreme heat days each year is variable, but overall they are increasing from historic averages and would continue to increase through the century. Figure 9 Number of Extreme Heat Days by Year in Rolling Hills 6 Extreme heat waves are defined as four or more consecutive extreme heat days. These events have been historically infrequent in Rolling Hills, with the historical average being 0.3 heat waves annually. The city is expected to experience a minor increase in heat wave frequency as the climate changes. Between 2030 and 2099, the city is projected to experience between 0.4 and 1.1 heat waves per year (CEC 2020). Drought Droughts are somewhat frequent in California, and currently approximately 42 percent of California’s population are in a drought, or in an abnormally dry area (NIDIS 2020). Changes in weather patterns resulting in increases in global average temperatures are already causing decreases in snowpack, which provides as much as a third of California’s water supply (DWR 2019). According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, Los Angeles County and Rolling Hills are not currently experiencing drought conditions based on this mapping (National Drought Mitigation Center 2020). Southern California is not currently considered to be in a drought condition, while other parts of the State (northern California and the Sierra Nevada mountain range) are experiencing moderate drought conditions due to lower than average precipitation. The projected changes in annual precipitation for Rolling Hills are shown in Table 4. Under both the medium and high GHG emissions scenarios, Rolling Hills is not expected to experience substantial changes in average precipitation. However, the city would experience increased variability in precipitation. The city’s minimum annual precipitation would decrease while the maximum annual precipitation would increase under both emissions scenarios. 6 Chart shows the number of days in a year when daily maximum temperature is above the extreme hear threshold of 91.7 ̊F for Rolling Hills (Grid Cell 33.78125, -118.34375) under RCP 8.5 545 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 23 Table 4 Changes in Annual Average Precipitation Scenario Annual Precipitation Minimum (inches) Average (inches) Maximum (inches) Historical Average (1950-2005) 6.7 19.2 37.0 Medium Emissions Scenario (2030-2099) 6.0 21.3 48.2 High Emissions Scenario (2030-2099) 4.8 22.2 57.0 Source: CEC 2020 While overall precipitation levels are expected to change substantially in the city, a drought may occur when conditions in areas where water sources are located experience drought conditions, even though the local region does not. Rolling Hills obtains its water from the Palos Verdes District of the California Water Service. Water supply from the District to this area is purchased from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD), which imports its water from the Colorado River and State Water Project from northern California. Recent research suggests that extended drought occurrence could become more pervasive in future decades (CEC 2020). An extended drought scenario is predicted for all of California from 2051 to 2070 under a climate model using business as usual conditions. The extended drought scenario is based on the average annual precipitation over 20 years. This average value equates to 78 percent of the historic median annual precipitation averaged for the North Coast and Sierra California Climate Tracker regions. Overall precipitation levels in the city are not expected to be significantly impacted. However, variability in precipitation and drought conditions in other areas of the state could impact water supply. Wildfire Wildfire hazards to the city are widespread and discussed above under Hazards of Concern. Wildfires in the city are influenced by a range of factors including droughts, severe winds, wildfire fuel (i.e. dry vegetation), and previous wildfire suppression activity. Climate change is expected to exacerbate wildfire risk by creating hotter and drier landscapes, as discussed above under Extreme Heat, which are more susceptible to burning. Cal-Adapt provides projections for annual mean hectares burned. This projection only accounts for areas that could experience wildfire events. Los Angeles County wildfire occurrence is anticipated to increase under all emissions and population scenarios from historic averages (CEC 2020). In 2020 alone, California has experienced six of the 20 largest fires in modern history and as of the date of this report, over three million acres of land have burned. These fires arose during extreme fire weather conditions and record-breaking heat waves across California. The observed frequency of autumn days with extreme fire weather, which are associated with extreme autumn wildfires, has more than doubled in California since the early 1980s (Goss et al. 2020). Due to the increases in factors that contribute to wildfires (variability in precipitation, hotter and dryer landscapes) and because the city is in a VHFZSZ, it is expected to see an increase in wildfire hazards due to climate change. Storms and Extreme Weather A warming climate is likely to influence the frequency and intensity of storms. Both increased temperatures and altered precipitation patterns can lead to altered seasons and intense rainstorms in Rolling Hills. As depicted in Figure 10, there is a high degree of variability in these extreme 546 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 24 precipitation event projections, with some models projecting little to no change while others project increased intensity (CEC 2020) These projections further vary depending on the return period7 selected. Increasing intensity of rainstorms could result in more flooding, which could adversely affect human safety in Rolling Hills. During years of intense levels of precipitation and storms, the city could also see an increase in the number of landslides or make landslides greater than usual. Due to the number of landslide hazard zones in the city, as shown in 2, Rolling Hills may see an increase in landslides due to changes in precipitation from climate change. Figure 10 Changes in Intensity of Extreme Precipitation Events in Rolling Hills8 Community Sensitivity As climate change occurs, communities will be affected to varying degrees depending on the exposure levels as well as how sensitive the communities are to impacts. Virtually all people and assets in a community will be affected by climate change in some way. However, it is not usually feasible to assess the vulnerability of every population group or every asset in the community. The sensitivity of a community depends on the aspects of the community (i.e., specific populations and assets) most affected by the identified exposures, and how prevalent they are in the community. As described in the Exposure section above, the most likely primary impacts of climate change that Rolling Hills may experience include extreme heat, increases in wildfire risk and prevalence, and drought conditions affecting water supply. This section of the Vulnerability Analysis identifies the 7 Average time between extreme events (e.g., “1 in 100-year event”) 8 Chart shows estimated intensity (Return Level) of Extreme Precipitation events which are exceeded on average once every 20 years (Return Period) for Rolling Hills (Grid Cell 33.78125, -118.34375) under RCP 8.5 emissions scenario. Extreme precipitation events are described as days during a water year (Oct-Sept) with 2-day rainfall totals above an extreme threshold of 1.02 inches. 547 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 25 sensitive areas of the Rolling Hills community from the demographic and community facility information in the Introduction section above and is based on the following categories:  Populations  Infrastructure  Buildings and Facilities  Services Populations The vulnerability assessment considers the following population groups that may be disproportionally harmed by the impacts of climate change in Rolling Hills. Children: Approximately 6.6 percent of the total population in Rolling Hills are ten years old or younger. Persons in poverty: This is identified for people living in households with an income below the poverty limit, which is $26,200 for a household of four people. There are approximately 26 people in Rolling Hills who live in poverty, or approximately 1.6 percent of the total population for whom poverty status can be determined. Persons with chronic health conditions: These are people who have a long-term or permanent health condition that can create regular challenges in their day-to-day lives. These health problems include obesity, cancer, heart disease, and arthritis. In addition, those with any kind of disability, including mobility challenges, hearing, or vision impairments, behavioral disabilities, and challenges living independently or taking care of themselves. Approximately 11.5 percent of the population have identified having a disability. Renters: These are people who live in homes that they (or the head of their household) do not own. Approximately 24 housing units, or 4 percent of the housing units in Rolling Hills, are renter- occupied. Older adults: These are persons 65 years or older are more at risk for climate change impacts, especially those living alone. 28 percent of the population of Rolling Hills are over 65 years, and 15 percent of those over 65 years live alone. Limited English proficiency: Approximately three percent of households have identified being limited English-speaking. Of those, a majority spoke Asian and Pacific Island languages and Spanish. Infrastructure The vulnerability assessment considers the following infrastructure in the city that was identified as bring sensitive to climate change impacts. Access Roads: These roadways are one of a few, or the only, ways in and out of some communities or neighborhoods. The single or limited number of entry and exit points does not make the road itself more vulnerable than other roads, but loss of these roadways can effectively cut off large numbers of people from other areas in the Palos Verdes Peninsula and the rest of Los Angeles County. Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are the primary access roads into and out of the city. Bridle Trails: Throughout the community are over 25 miles of trails available to city residents and non-city residents who obtain permits. The trails are maintained by the Rolling Hills Community Association and located primarily in canyon areas. 548 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 26 Electrical Substations: Electrical substations are facilities that convert electricity from one voltage to another, making it suitable for long-distance transmission or for use by homes, businesses, and other electrical customers. There are no electrical substations located within city limits, but three are located near the city in Rancho Palos Verdes and owned/operated by Southern California Edison. Electrical Utility Lines: These lines transmit and deliver electricity from Southern California Edison to the city. The city has both underground and overhead electric utility lines. Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines: Natural gas pipelines carry large volumes of natural gas between communities. There are no transmissions lines in the city. One transmission line ends at the intersection of Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive, adjacent to city limits. Water Reservoirs and System: The system that stores and supplies drinking water for residents. Palos Verdes Water District of the California Water Service supplies water to Rolling Hills. There are two California Water Service water reservoirs within the city limits. Building and Facilities Residential Structures: Residential structures in Rolling Hills consist of single-family dwellings and are the main type of building in the city. Community Facilities and Government Buildings: Community and government facilities are public properties and are important to the residents as well as the operation of the city. Rolling Hills is a private community. Therefore, community and government facilities are available only to its residents, which are the Rolling Hills Community Association and City Hall. Community Parks: Storm Hill is an open space area owned by the City which is utilized for equestrian purposes. The City also has two equestrian rings and tennis courts. Schools: Rancho Del Mar High School is the only school in the city Public Safety Facilities: Public safety facilities include sheriff and fire buildings. Los Angeles County Fire Station 56 is located within the city. The Lomita Station of the Los Angeles County Sheriff serves the city but is not located within the city limits. Services Public Safety Response: Public safety services are provided by law enforcement and fire agencies. These agencies include the Los Angeles County Sheriff and Fire Departments. Water Services: These services involve treating and transporting water to be used by customers and transporting and treating wastewater so it can be safely released into the environment. California Water Service provides drinking water to the city. Energy delivery: Energy services in Rolling Hills include electricity and natural gas delivered through utility lines from Southern California Edison and Southern California Gas Company. Potential Impacts Impact vulnerability is the nature and degree to which the community is affected by a given stressor, change, or disturbance. As climate change continues to progress, increased stress to vulnerable community populations, infrastructure, building and facilities, and services are expected. As described in the Exposure section above, the most likely primary impacts of climate change 549 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 27 Rolling Hills may experience include extreme heat, wildfire, and drought conditions impacting water supply. The vulnerability of Rolling Hills to the primary exposures of climate change is discussed below. The vulnerability scores discussed in the Vulnerability Scoring section are based on the potential impact analysis below. Each of the vulnerable areas in the city were given a low, medium, or high vulnerability to the potential impacts, based off the descriptions in the Vulnerability Scoring section. Temperature and Extreme Heat As describe in the Exposure section above, Rolling Hills may experience a variety of impacts from climate change, which include an increase of average annual maximum temperature between 1.8°F and 6.6°F by the end of the century (CEC 2020) This increase in temperature may result in changes in seasonal patterns, an increase in heat waves, drought, and potentially increased storm frequency and intensity. Rolling Hills is expected to experience between 8 and 14 extreme heat days annually. Overall quality of life in the city would be impacted during extreme heat events as outdoor activities would be limited and overall comfort reduced. The potential direct and indirect impacts to community populations, infrastructure, building and facilities, and services are described below. Populations The vulnerable populations discussed above that are most at risk to extreme heat impacts from climate change are older adults, individuals with chronic conditions such as heart and lung disease, diabetes, and mental illnesses, children, and those who are economically disadvantaged. The primary vulnerable population to temperature increases and extreme heat in Rolling Hills is older adults, as 28 percent of the city’s population is over 65 years. Older adults do not adjust as well as young people to sudden changes in temperature and are more likely to have medical conditions that can worsen with extreme heat (CDC 2017a). Older adults who are living along are even more at risk as the actions necessary to mitigation extreme heat are more difficult alone. Getting water, changing clothes, showering, or turning on the air conditioner may be more difficult for older adults with physical disabilities and do not have a living partner to assist them. Children are also at risk to extreme heat impacts, especially those under the age of four, due to their less- developed physiology, immune system, and dependence on others (CDC 2019). Extreme heat can be highly dangerous to persons with chronic health conditions, because very high temperatures can exacerbate diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, respiratory ailments, and other diseases. Some of these people have weakened immune systems which can make them more likely to contract illnesses and vulnerable to human health hazards. In addition, they may be taking medications that make the effects of extreme heat worse (CDC 2017b). While there are not many households in poverty in the city, those who are have limited financial resources to upgrade their homes and use air conditioning to better resist extreme heat. Each of the vulnerable populations has a high potential impact from extreme heat. Infrastructure Extreme heat and temperature increase due to climate change would not directly impact infrastructure in Rolling Hills. Indirect impacts on electrical substations and utility lines could occur from increased use of the system from running air conditioners, leading to power outages in the 550 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 28 city. In addition, indirect impacts to the water system through increased evaporation or water use could occur. These infrastructure facilities would have a medium potential impact from extreme heat. Building and Facilities Extreme heat and temperature increase due to climate change would not directly affect buildings or facilities in Rolling Hills. Extreme heat and temperature increases could impact the ability for residents to enjoy community park facilities. In addition, extreme heat could create wildfire conditions which could indirectly impact all buildings and facilities within the city. Overall, there is a low potential impact from extreme heat to City buildings and facilities. Services The important services discussed above that are most at risk to extreme heat impacts from climate change are water services and energy delivery. High temperatures would contribute to a reduced water supply. For instance, higher temperatures will melt the Sierra snowpack earlier and drive the snowline higher. In addition to a reduction in precipitation falling as snow, higher temperatures would result in less snowpack to supply water to California users (CNRA 2009). Increased temperatures could therefore result in decreased potable water supply for the city which relies on imported water from the State Water Project and Colorado River water (Cal Water 2016). Therefore, there is a medium potential impact for high temperatures and drought on the city. Long periods of intense heat may result in increased use of electricity for home cooling purposes that could tax the overall electrical system and result in electricity restrictions or blackouts. During extreme heat events in August 2020, California had its first rolling blackouts since 2001. Therefore, the city will experience greater potential for power outages due to climate change and has a medium potential impact. Storms/Extreme Weather and Drought As mentioned in the Exposure section above, the storm and extreme weather projections for Rolling Hills show variability, with some models projecting little to no change while others project increased intensity. This could result in impacts to community populations, infrastructure, building and facilities, and services, particularly related to temporary flooding and landslides which can be triggered from intense rainfall events. The city currently has a less than 0.2 percent annual chance to be inundated by flood waters as a result of a storm event (FEMA 2008). Increases in intense precipitation could result in slope failures in landslide prone areas shown in Figure 2, including the existing Flying Triangle Landslide area. As discussed in the Exposure section above, Rolling Hills is not expected to experience substantial changes in average precipitation. However, the city receives its water from the Colorado River and State Water Project from northern California, and extended drought scenario is predicted for these areas, which equates to 78 percent of the historic median annual precipitation. Therefore, areas that supply water to Rolling Hills and other jurisdictions are expected to see a 22 percent reduction of their water supply, which could reduce the amount of potable water available for delivery to the city. 551 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 29 Populations The city’s older adults and those with chronic health conditions are the populations in Rolling Hills that are more at risk of injury and or death resulting from minor floods or fallen trees created by more intense storms induced by climate change. Indirect impacts to these populations from impacts to the transportation system could include reduced access to emergency response and health centers for those who need consistent medical care. There is a medium potential for impacts to these vulnerable populations. Infrastructure Critical infrastructure most at risk in Rolling Hills to minor flooding impacts and landslides from increased storms would be access roads, bridle trails, electrical utility lines, and water systems. Because Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are critical for access to and evacuation from the city, any damage or closure can effectively isolate areas of the city, potentially creating severe health and safety risks. Bridle trails are predominantly located in canyon areas, which would be more susceptible to flooding and landslides. Landslides could impact utilities, as seen in the existing Flying Triangle Landslide area, which has moved utility lines above ground in certain areas due to the continuous movement of the earth in this area. Due to the limited accessibility of the city, there is a medium potential impact for access roads and bridle trails and a low potential impact for the remaining vulnerable infrastructure. Building and Facilities Buildings and facilities most at risk from impacts of more intense storms would be residential structures and community parks. The proper functioning residential septic systems could be impacted by more intense rainfall and minor flooding. In addition, landslides could be triggered as indirect impacts from more intense storms and rainfall. Residential structures located in landslide hazard areas shown in Figure 2 could be impacted. In addition, the Storm Hill open space area is an important facility in the city and is also located in a landslide area. Due to the variability in weather projections, there is a low potential impact for buildings and facilities. Services Increased storm intensity and drought conditions from climate change could impact public safety response, energy delivery and water services in the city. Emergency response systems could be impacted from flooding or landslides within or outside of city limits, which could restrict the ability for emergency response to access the city and impact response times. More intense storms could adversely affect electricity delivery from Southern California Edison from power outages caused by downed electrical utility lines from wind of landslide events. In addition, water service from the California Water Service Palos Verdes District could be affected by increased drought conditions throughout the state. There is a medium potential impact for buildings and facilities. Wildfire Wildfires in Los Angeles County are projected to increase under all emissions and population scenarios. As discussed in the Exposure section above, wildfire hazards to the city are widespread and wildfire conditions are expected to be exacerbated by a range of factors including droughts, 552 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 30 more severe winds, wildfire fuel (i.e., dry vegetation), and hotter and drier landscapes from increased temperatures and extreme heat. Populations The vulnerable populations discussed above that are most at risk to increases in wildfire from climate change are older adults, persons in poverty, and persons with chronic health conditions. Older adults are almost three times more likely to die in a fire than the overall population (USFA 2017), and typically have increased mobility issues or mental health. Therefore, older adults, especially those in the city living alone, have more difficulties evacuating to safe areas when there is a need. Those in Rolling Hills with limited financial resources are more unlikely to retrofit their homes to better resist climate-related hazards such as wildfires. In addition to direct impacts, indirect impacts such as poor air quality also creates public health hazards to the city. Recent California wildfires in August and September 2020 had areas of California recording the worst air quality in the world and highlighted the hazards of secondary impacts from wildfires, which could impact the city from fires throughout the State. Older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions are likely to be impacted most by these secondary impacts. Also, those with limited finances or without air conditioning would be impacted by secondary smoke impacts that occur during local and regional wildfires. There is a high potential for wildfire impacts on the vulnerable populations. Infrastructure All city infrastructure is located in a VHFHSZ. The critical infrastructure most at risk to increased wildfire impacts would be access roads, bridle trails, above ground electrical utility lines, and water systems. Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are critical for access to and evacuation from many areas of the city. Wildfires may not significantly damage the infrastructure, but they could result in closure or the inability to travel on them during wildfire events, which can isolate areas of the city and create severe health and safety risks. There is a high potential for impacts to access roads from wildfires. Wildfires are unlikely to substantially damage trails directly, but they can force widespread trail closures which are an important asset to the community. Above ground electrical lines are also at risk from wildfires and could impact electricity services to residents in Rolling Hills. Water systems could be directly affected by wildfires in addition to indirect impacts from water use from firefighting activities and peak load water supply in remote portions of the city. There is a medium potential for impact to these infrastructures. Building and Facilities As discussed under Hazards of Concern section, all of Rolling Hills is designated a VHFHSZ. Therefore, all buildings and facilities within the city are at risk of increased wildfires caused by climate change. The greatest potential impact of life and well-being would be to residential structures, which are the primary structures in the city. In addition, impacts to Rolling Hills Community Association and City Hall structures would impact community functions and government services. There is a high potential for impact to buildings and facilities from wildfire. 553 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 31 Services Energy delivery, specifically electricity delivery, could be impacted from increased wildfires. Direct impacts to Southern California Edison electricity transmission infrastructure could impact power in the city. In addition, utility companies have begun shutting off power to areas to avoid wildfires during times when weather creates high wildfire risk. In addition, public safety services could be strained during wildfire events, which are expected to increase. There is a medium potential for impacts to services in the city from wildfire. Adaptive Capacity Adaptive capacity is the current ability to cope with climate change impacts to community populations and assets (Cal OES 2020). Specifically, adaptative capacity is the ability to mitigate the potential impacts and damages or take advantage of the opportunities from climate change. Many communities have adaptive capacity in the form of policies, plans, programs, or institutions. Rolling Hills has actively taken steps to increase the city’s adaptive capacity, which include preparing a community wildfire protection plan, hazard mitigation plan, undergrounding utility lines, and adopting strict new building standards. Table 5 lists various guiding documents, projects, plans, and policies that have an underlying emphasis on adaptive capacity in the city. Table 5 Rolling Hills Existing Adaptive Capacity Project, Policy, or Plan Year Established Climate Change Impact City of Rolling Hill Community Wildfire Protection Plan 2020 Wildfire City of Rolling Hills Safety Element 2003 Wildfire, Storms California Water Service Palos Verdes Water District Urban Water Management Plan 2016 Drought Utility Undergrounding Requirement n/a Wildfire Fire Prevention Power Line Undergrounding 2020 Wildfire RHMC Chapter 8.30: Fire Fuel Abatement n/a Wildfire Hazard Mitigation Plan 2019 Wildfire, Drought, Storm- induced Landslides Emergency Operations Plan 2020 Wildfire, Storm, Extreme Heat Emergency Notification and Notify Me n/a Wildfire, Storms VHFHSZ Building Requirements n/a Wildfire Rolling Hills Municipal Code Requirements for lot slope and lot stability n/a Storm-Induced Landslides Rolling Hills has a number of plans and policies specific to wildfire hazards. The city’s recently adopted the Community Wildfire Protection Plan that includes fire mitigation strategies and evacuations strategies specific for the city. In addition, the Hazard Mitigation Plan provides an analysis of historical hazards, a local hazard assessment, hazard impacts on the community, and recommended mitigation strategies. The City requires the undergrounding of utility lines with specific home upgrades and has a reimbursement program for utility pole replacement. In addition, building code requirements for development within VHFHSZ, such as Class A roofing, would help reduce wildfire impacts to structures in the city. 554 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 32 The Rolling Hills Building and Zoning Codes include controls on development on steep slopes and canyon bottoms. In addition, development requires proof of stability of the property through geotechnical reports and only a percentage of each lot can be disturbed. The Palos Verdes Water District’s Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) provides water supply and demand projections and includes a climate change analysis. The 2015 UWMP projected that water supply reductions to the District due to climate change would be small for through the end of the century. In addition, the UWMP includes a water shortage contingency plan and demand reduction measures in the event water supply to the District is impacts from drought due to climate change. In addition, the city’s population has a high degree of adaptive capacity due to the high levels of home ownership, low poverty levels, and high average income levels. These characteristics improve resident’s ability to upgrade their homes and come back from potential impacts to their property from wildfire and extreme storm events. Vulnerability Scoring Vulnerability scores are based on the combination of potential impacts from climate hazards and adaptive capacity in order to identify the climate vulnerabilities in the city to address with additional adaptation strategies. A vulnerability score was determined for each sensitivity area based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity from climate change in the city. Vulnerability was accessed on a scale from 1 to 5:  V-1: Minimal Vulnerability  V-2: Low Vulnerability  V-3: Moderate Vulnerability  V-4: High  V-5: Severe Cal OES recommended the following scoring rubric to determine the vulnerability score for the potential impacts and adaptive capacity.  Low Potential Impact: Impact is unlikely based on projected exposure; would result in minor consequences to public health, safety, and/or other metrics of concern  Medium Potential Impact: Impact is somewhat likely based on projected exposure; would result in some consequences to public health, safety, and/or other metrics of concern  High Potential Impact: Impact is highly likely based on projected exposure; would result in substantial consequences to public health, safety, and/or other metrics of concern  Low Adaptive Capacity: The population or asset lacks capacity to manage climate impact; major changes would be required  Medium Adaptive Capacity: The population or asset has some capacity to manage climate impact; some changes would be required  High Adaptive Capacity: The population or asset has high capacity to manage climate impact; minimal to no changes are required Table 6 shows how the final vulnerability score was determined. To summarize, potential impacts from climate change that are highly likely to occur in the city based on projected exposure would 555 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 33 create a high vulnerability score. However, if the city has a high adaptive capacity to manage the impact, then the overall vulnerability score would be reduced. Table 6 Vulnerability Score Matrix Potential Impacts High V-3 V-4 V-5 Medium V-2 V-3 V-4 Low V-1 V-2 V-3 High Medium Low Adaptive Capacity The vulnerability scoring for the identified population and assets for each climate impact is included below in Table 7 and based on Cal OES California Adaptation Planning Guide. For those populations and assets that are not anticipated to be impacted directly or indirectly from the identified climate impacts, no vulnerabilty score or color is provided. For example, drought impacts on children were determined to not be a threat in Rolling Hills. For the purposes of this vulnerability assessment, a score of V-4 or V-5 is considered significant. Populations and assets that score at least a V-4 for one or more exposures are considered substantially vulnerable. As shown in Table 7, the potential impacts from climate change the city’s population and assets are most vulnerable to are wildfire, extreme heat, and landslides. Vulnerable populations such as older adults, residents with chronic health conditions, and those with financial trouble are most at risk to extreme heat and wildfire impacts and are substantially vulnerable to climate change impacts in the city. Access roads and residential structures are also the most vulnerable to wildfire and landslide impacts from climate change. Overall, climate change impacts on wildfire are the greatest potential impact to the city. While the City has adopted a significant number of adaptation strategies related to wildfire impacts, because they were recently adopted and some of the strategies were included as recommendations, it will be important to determine and monitor if implementation is occurring and which recommendations should be included in the Safety Element update. This vulnerability assessment and the results in Table 7 will be used to identify specific policies and implementable strategies for adapting to climate change in the Safety Element, thus making the Rolling Hills community more resilient. 556 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 34 Table 7 Vulnerability Assessment Results Community Sensitivity Storms/Extreme Weather Extreme Heat Wildfire Landslides Population Children V-3 V-2 V-2 Persons with Chronic Health Conditions V-2 V-4 V-4 V-2 Persons in Poverty V-2 V-3 V-4 V-2 Renters V-3 V-2 V-2 Older Adults V-2 V-4 V-4 V-2 Limited English Speaking V-2 V-2 Infrastructure Access Roads V-2 V-4 V-3 Bridle Trails V-2 V-3 V-2 Electrical Substations V-1 V-2 V-3 Electrical Utility Lines V-2 V-1 V-3 V-2 Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines V-2 V-2 Water Reservoirs and Systems V-1 V-2 V-3 V-3 Buildings and Facilities Residential Structures V-1 V-5 V-3 Community Facilities and Government Buildings V-1 V-4 V-1 Community Parks V-1 V-1 V-3 V-3 Schools V-1 V-3 V-1 Public Safety Facilities V-1 V-3 V-1 557 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 35 Community Sensitivity Storms/Extreme Weather Extreme Heat Wildfire Landslides Services Public Safety Response V-2 V-3 V-1 Water Services V-2 V-2 V-3 V-2 Energy Delivery V-2 V-3 V-4 V-2 Notes: Drought was not included in this table because the city’s vulnerability to drought is primarily low. White boxes indicate very low to now vulnerability. 558 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 36 Summary of Issues and Opportunities Existing hazards of concern in the city that should be a major focus of the Safety Element update include landslide and wildfire hazards. In addition, emergency response and evacuation should be a focus due to the city’s accessibility issues. Climate change is expected to increase potential hazards the city experiences. From the vulnerability analysis, the city is most vulnerable to wildfire impacts, extreme heat, and landslides impacts from climate change. Hazards of Concern and Community Sensitivity While there are a number of hazards that could impacts the city, the following are hazards of concern that pose the greatest challenge to the city. Wildfire The greatest hazard of concern for the city is wildfire as the entire city limits are within a VHFHSZ and the city contains many remote areas and limited evacuation routes. Some existing residential and accessory structures are not built to current standards that apply to VHFHSZ and as a result many of these structures may require mitigation and retrofit to reduce this potential threat. The area’s most vulnerable to wildfire impacts include older adults, persons with chronic health conditions, residential structures, government and community buildings, and access roads. Landslides Landslides are also a major concern for the city, whether they are earthquake induced, induced from high precipitation events, or occur due to the underlying soil conditions. Existing landslides are impacting the southern portion of the city. Climate change has the potential to create more landslide events if Rolling Hills experiences more intense storms and precipitation events. The area’s most vulnerable to landslide impacts include access roads, residential structures, and community parks. Extreme Heat The city is expected to see increases in the number and length of extreme heat days and events due to climate change, which could impact vulnerable people in the city and lead to increased wildfire risks. The area’s most vulnerable to extreme heat impacts from climate change include older adults, persons with chronic health conditions, and the energy system. Opportunities The need to further analyze evacuation routes and access is one of the most recent changes in Safety Element requirements. These new requirements focus on the identification of areas where routes are lacking or inadequate. A key opportunity for the Safety Element update is address specific evacuation needs. The City has recently adopted a number of planning documents, such as the Hazard Mitigation Plan and Community Wildfire Protection Plan, that seek to reduce the risk of hazards in the city. Many of the strategies included in these documents are recommendations and are used for educational purposes. An opportunity for the Safety Element update would be to include the recommendations 559 Summary of Issues and Opportunities Existing Conditions Report 37 as implementation tools for the Safety Element and to conduct outreach with the community to determine if community preparedness is occurring. The California Legislature recently adopted Senate Bill 182 (SB 182) and is awaiting Governor approval. SB 182 would require the Safety Element to include a comprehensive retrofit strategy as necessary to reduce the risk of property loss and damage during wildfires. Additionally, in order to reduce development pressures in the VHFHSZ through the Regional Housing Needs Allocation process, SB 182 requires a lower proportion of state housing allocation to jurisdictions that meet specified conditions. The City should monitor and incorporate these elements as necessary. 560 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 38 References California Department of Toxic Substances and Control (DTSC). 2020. Envirostor. https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/?myaddress=rolling+hills%2C+ca. Accessed August 2020. California Department of Water Resources (DWR). 2019. Climate Change Basics. Available at https://water.ca.gov/Water-Basics/Climate-Change-Basics. Accessed September 2020. California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES). 2020. California Adaptation Planning Guide. June 2020. California Water Service (Cal Water). 2016. 2015 Urban Water Management Plan: Palos Verdes District. June 2016. Center for Disease Control (CDC). 2017a. Heat and Older Adults. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/older-adults-heat.html. Accessed September 2020. ____. 2017b. Heat and People with Chronic Medical Conditions. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/medical.html. Accessed September 2020. ____. 2019. Heat and Infants and Children. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/children.html. Accessed September 2020. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2008. Flood Insurance Rate Map 06037C1940F. Goss, Michael et al. 2020. Climate change is increasing the likelihood of extreme autumn wildfire conditions across California. Environmental Research Letters 15.094016 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2013. IPCC Fifth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2013. Working Group I: The Physical Science Basis. Accessible at: http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/ Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department (LACSD). 2020. Lomita Station Part I Crimes. http://shq.lasdnews.net/CrimeStats/CAASS/Patrol-CurrentMonth-YTD.PDF. Accessed August 2020. National Drought Mitigation Center. 2020. U.S. Drought Monitor: California. September 15, 2020. https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/CurrentMap/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA. Accessed September 2020. National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS). 2020. Drought in California. https://www.drought.gov/drought/states/california. Accessed October 2020. Rolling Hills, City of. 1990. General Plan Safety Element. June 25, 1990. ____. 2019. Hazard Mitigation Plan. January 16, 2019. ____. 2020. Community Wildfire Protection Plan. July 2020. Southern California Earthquake Center. 2013. Hazards and Threats Earthquakes List of Major Active Surface Faults in Southern California. March. University of California, Berkeley and California Energy Commission (CEC). 2020. Cal-Adapt. https://cal-adapt.org/. Accessed August 2020. 561 References Existing Conditions Report 39 U.S. Census Bureau. 2018. Rolling Hills, City 2018 ACS 5-Year Estimates. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Rolling%20Hills%20city,%20California&g=1600000U S0662602&tid=ACSDP5Y2018.DP05&hidePreview=false. Western Region Climate Center (WRCC). 2016. Period of Record Monthly Climate Summary. https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca8973. Accessed August 2020. 562 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 40 This page intentionally left blank. 563 APPENDIX B – TRIBAL CONSULTATION RESPONSES 564 Andrew Salas, Chairman Nadine Salas, Vice-Chairman Dr. Christina Swindall Martinez, secretary Albert Perez, treasurer I Martha Gonzalez Lemos, treasurer II Richard Gradias, Chairman of the council of Elders PO Box 393 Covina, CA 91723 www.gabrielenoindians.org admin@gabrielenoindians.org GABRIELENO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS - KIZH NATION Historically known as The Gabrielino Tribal Council - San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians recognized by the State of California as the aboriginal tribe of the Los Angeles basin December 21,2021 Project Name: The City of Rolling Hills Housing and Safety Element Updates Project Dear John F. Signo, Thank you for your email dated December 13,2021. Regarding the project above. This is to concur that we are in agreement with the Housing Element Update. However, our Tribal government would like to request consultation for any and all future projects within this location. Sincerely, 565 Andrew Salas, Chairman Nadine Salas, Vice-Chairman Dr. Christina Swindall Martinez, secretary Albert Perez, treasurer I Martha Gonzalez Lemos, treasurer II Richard Gradias, Chairman of the council of Elders PO Box 393 Covina, CA 91723 www.gabrielenoindians.org admin@gabrielenoindians.org GABRIELENO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS - KIZH NATION Historically known as The Gabrielino Tribal Council - San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians recognized by the State of California as the aboriginal tribe of the Los Angeles basin December 21,2021 Project Name: The City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Thank you for your letter regarding the project above. This is to concur that we are in agreement with the Safety Element. However, our Tribal government would like to request consultation for any and all future projects when ground disturbance will be occurring within this location. Sincerely, Andrew Salas, Chairman Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians – Kizh Nation 1(844)390-0787 566 1 From: CHRISTINA CONLEY-HADDOCK <christina.marsden@alumni.usc.edu> Sent: Thursday, January 6, 2022 1:17 PM To: Richard Shultz <rshultz@chambersgroupinc.com> Cc: Robert Dorame <gtongva@icloud.com> Subject: Re: Follow-up re: 21330 City of Rolling Hills Housing & Safety Element Project SB 18/AB 52 Consult Request Good afternoon Richard, Apologies for the delay - I have been out on the field. At this time, as there are no specific developments planned, we have no concerned. We are requesting to be notified on any future projects in the city of Rolling Hills as aforementioned, it is a sensitive area for our tribe. Take good care, Christina tehoovet taamet C H R I S T I N A C O N L E Y Native American Monitor - Caretaker of our Ancestral Land Cultural Resource Administrator Under Tribal Chair, Robert Dorame (MLD) HAZWOPER Certified 626.407.8761 __________________________________________________________ G A B R I E L I N O T O N G V A I N D I A N S O F C A L I F O R N I A On Jan 3, 2022, at 12:56 PM, Richard Shultz <rshultz@chambersgroupinc.com> wrote: Good afternoon and happy new year Christina. I am following up on your recent letter (below). Chambers Group is assisting the City of Rolling Hills with their requirement to conduct SB 18 and AB 52 consultations related to the proposed Housing and Safety Element Updates to the General Plan and policies. As noted in the attached consultation request letter there are no specific developments planned at this time, and the consultation is being requested for comments or concerns with the proposed Element Updates. Chambers Group and the City of Rolling Hills greatly appreciate the concerns of the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council and wish to allay any apprehensions that the resources listed, and not listed, below would be affected by the proposed Element Updates. 567 2 From: CHRISTINA CONLEY-HADDOCK <christina.marsden@alumni.usc.edu> Sent: Friday, December 31, 2021 10:27 AM To: Kellie Kandybowicz <kkandybowicz@chambersgroupinc.com> Cc: Richard Shultz <rshultz@chambersgroupinc.com>; Robert Dorame <gtongva@icloud.com> Subject: Re: Follow-up re: 21330 City of Rolling Hills Housing & Safety Element Project SB 18/AB 52 Consult Request Good morning John, If the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council wish to consult under SB 18 or AB 52 concerning these proposed Element Updates please contact John Signo, AICP, at the City of Rolling Hills (jsigno@cityofrh.net - City Of Rolling Hills – City Hall 2; Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills CA 90274; O: 310.377.1521 | F: 310.377.7288). Alternatively, feel free to contact either Kellie or myself and we will coordinate with the City. Please let Kellie or me know if you have any questions or concerns, and we will be happy to help. Thank you, Richard We are in receipt of your 21330 City of Rolling Hills Housing & Safety Element Project SB 18/AB 52 Consult Request. Thank you for reaching out. After conferring with Tribal Chair Dorame (the Most Likely Descendent), this property is highly culturally sensitive to the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California (GTIOC) as it resides near one of our villages. The Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California request an AB52 and SB18 consultation for this project. There are a minimum of 7 identified sties near the project area; LAN 110, LAN 191, LAN 276, LAN277, LAN278, LAN 279, LAN 280 (LAN 275 borders your project area). The concern with all of these sites is that they are significant evidence of the existence of a village site and the area may still yield evidence of buried deposits. Artifacts unearthed in previous projects included obsidian projectiles, sandstone bowls, cog stones and more importantly, human remains. The Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California tribe is deeply concerned with any ground disturbances in your project area and this project will need a monitor from the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California for only ground disturbances. Attached are our treatment plans for your project site. Please let us know what your next steps are and how we may assist you. Take good care and happy new year, Christina 568 3 tehoovet taamet C H R I S T I N A C O N L E Y Native American Monitor - Caretaker of our Ancestral Land Cultural Resource Administrator Under Tribal Chair, Robert Dorame (Most Likely Descendent) HAZWOPER Certified 626.407.8761 __________________________________________________________ G A B R I E L I N O T O N G V A I N D I A N S O F C A L I F O R N I A <image001.png> <image002.png> From: Kellie Kandybowicz Sent: Wednesday, December 15, 2021 9:28 AM To: 'christina.marsden@alumni.isc.edu' <christina.marsden@alumni.isc.edu> Cc: Richard Shultz <rshultz@chambersgroupinc.com> Subject: 21330 City of Rolling Hills Housing & Safety Element Project SB 18/AB 52 Consult Request Dear Christina Conley, The City of Rolling Hills (City) is commencing its Senate Bill (SB) 18 and Assembly Bill (AB) 52 consultation processes for the Housing and Safety Element Updates Project (Project). Pursuant to Government Codes §65352.3 and §65352.4 SB 18 require local governments to consult with California Native American tribes identified by the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) for the purpose of avoiding, protecting, and/or mitigating impacts to cultural places when creating or amending General Plans, Specific Plans and Community Plans. Additionally, AB 52 (Public Resources Codes §21080.3.1 and §21080.3.2) requires public agencies to consult with California Native American tribes identified by the NAHC for the purpose of avoiding, protecting, and/or mitigating impacts to tribal cultural resources (TCRs) as defined, for California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) projects. This letter is being provided to you because your Tribe, the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council, was listed on the NAHC directory as an individual or group who may have additional knowledge pertaining to tribal cultural resources within this geographic area. The Project consists of a Housing Element Update of the City of Rolling Hills General Plan and an update to the City’s Safety Element to address various natural and human-caused hazards the City has dealt with including earthquakes, wildfires, droughts, and land movement. 569 4 The Housing Element and Safety Element Updates are policy updates only, and no specific developments are proposed at this time. A description of each of the updates is provided below. Housing Element Update The City’s Housing Element serves as an integrated part of the General Plan, and is subject to detailed statutory requirements, including a requirement to be updated every eight years, and mandatory review by the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD). The City is currently adopting their 6thcycle Housing Element Update (HEU). The City’s Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) for this 6th cycle, is 45 units which the City determined can be met with existing approved developments, the underutilized Rancho Del Mar school site, and Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs). Therefore, the HEU, is a policy document; no actual development nor rezoning of parcels is included as part of the approval. Safety Element Update The Safety Element Update (SEU) provides the City goals, policies, and actions to minimize the hazards to safety in and around the City. The SEU evaluates natural and human-caused safety hazards that affect existing and future development and provides guidelines for protecting the community from harm. The SEU describes existing and potential future conditions and sets policies for improved public safety. The goal of the SEU is to reduce the risk of injury, death, property loss, and other hardships to acceptable levels. As part of the proposed updates the City has requested a Sacred Lands File (SLF) search by the NAHC. The result of the SLF search conducted through the NAHC was negative for the Project site. The City of Rolling Hills is a rural, equestrian residential community, consisting entirely of large lot residential parcels of one acre or more (Figure 1). The community encompasses 2.99 square miles of land (approximately 1,910 acres) on the Palos Verdes Peninsula in the County of Los Angeles. Please consider this letter notification and preliminary Project information as the initiation of the SB 18 and AB 52 requests for consultation. Pursuant to PRC 21080.3.1(d), the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council have 30 days upon receipt of this letter to provide a request for AB 52 consultation on the Project. Pursuant to GC 65352.3, the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council have 90 days upon receipt of this letter to provide a request for SB 18 consultation. Due to the abbreviated timeline regarding funding opportunities for this affordable housing Project, we respectfully ask that requests for SB 18 consultation also be provided within 45 days, if practicable. 570 5 Your comments are important to the City of Rolling Hills. If the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council have any concerns regarding the proposed Project as it relates to Native American issues or interests, or has any information regarding sacred sites in the vicinity of the proposed Project that may help avoid impacts to those sites, please send your response to: John F. Signo, AICP Director of Planning and Community Services 6 <image006.jpg> City of Rolling Hills – City Hall 2 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills CA 90274 O: 310.377.1521 | F: 310.377.7288 jsigno@cityofrh.net Attachments – Project Location Map Kellie Kandybowicz | Cultural Resources Specialist <image002.png> t | 858.541.2800 : x7140 f | 866.261.3100 m | 760.521.9005 kkandybowicz@chambersgroupinc.com www.chambersgroupinc.com <21330_CityofRollingHillsHousing&SafetyElementProject_20211215_Conley.pdf><2133 0 PLAN Fig 1 Project Location_small.pdf> <SB18-AB52 Letter Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council.pdf> 571 ERRATA FOR THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE INITIAL STUDY AND NEGATIVE DECLARATION Prepared for: CITY OF ROLLING HILLS No. 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, CA 90274 Contact: John F. Signo, AICP (310) 377-1521 Prepared by: CHAMBERS GROUP, INC. 600 West Broadway #250 Glendale, CA 91204 (213) 623-1859 March 2022 572 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 1 21330 BACKGROUND An Initial Study Negative Declaration (IS/ND) was prepared for both the Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update for the City of Rolling Hills. On January 13, 2022, the City of Rolling Hills circulated a Draft IS/ND to public agencies and the general public. In accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Section 21091 and State CEQA Guidelines Section 15073, a 30-day public review period for the Draft IS/ND was provided from January 13, 2022 to February 12, 2022. The City has not yet received comments back from the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) on the Housing Element Update, and does not wish to approve the Housing Element Update without such comments. The City has removed the Housing Element Update from the Project (and associated IS/ND). The changes to the IS/ND do not affect the overall conclusions of the environmental document; the analysis of the Safety Element Update is wholly bounded by the analysis and findings in the previously circulated Draft IS/ND. This errata has been prepared to clarify and modify the Project. PURPOSE OF ERRATA The CEQA Guidelines Section 15073.5 requires that a lead agency recirculate a negative declaration “when the document must be substantially revised.” A “substantial revision” includes: (1) identification of a new, avoidable significant effect requiring mitigation measures or project revisions, and/or (2) determination that proposed mitigation measures or project revisions will not reduce potential effects to less than significance and new measures and revisions must be required. The CEQA Guidelines specify situations in which recirculation of a negative declaration is not required. This includes, but is not limited to, situations in which “new information is added to the negative declaration which merely clarifies, amplifies, or makes insignificant modifications to the negative declaration.” This errata addresses technical changes on the IS/ND. None of the clarifications and insignificant modifications are considered “substantial revisions” because they do not show that the Project has a new, avoidable significant effect and the City has determined that Project revisions are not required to reduce potential effects to less than significant. None of the clarifications and modifications substantially modify the analysis or conclusions of the IS/ND, but they instead merely remove discussion of the Housing Element Update. As noted above, the clarified and modified Project would continue to result in no impacts without any need for mitigation. The overall findings and analysis do not change. Recirculation of the negative declaration is therefore not required in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15073.5. Changes to the text are noted with underline (for added text) or strikeout type (for deleted text). The full modified Negative Declaration is provided below. 573 DRAFT NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS 2021-2029 HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE AND SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE Prepared for: CITY OF ROLLING HILLS No. 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, CA 90274 Contact: John F. Signo, AICP (310) 377-1521 Prepared by: CHAMBERS GROUP, INC. 500 West Broadway #250 Glendale, CA 91204 (213) 623-1859 January March 2022 574 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page SECTION 1.0 – PROJECT OVERVIEW ...................................................................................................... 1 SECTION 2.0 – PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND SETTING ............................................................................ 2 2.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................. 2 2.1.1 Housing Element Update ................................................................................................. 2 2.1.2 Safety Element Update .................................................................................................... 2 2.2 SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE ............................................................................................................ 2 2.2.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 2 2.2.2 Safety Element Overview ................................................................................................. 3 2.2.3 Goals and Policies ............................................................................................................ 4 2.3 HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE ........................................................................................................ 6 2.3.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 6 2.3.2 Housing Element Overview .............................................................................................. 6 2.3.3 Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) .................................................................... 7 2.3.4 Summary of Ability to Meet RHNA .................................................................................. 7 2.3.5 2021-2029 Goals and Policies .......................................................................................... 8 SECTION 3.0 – ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATION .............................................................................. 9 3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: ................................................................ 9 3.2 DETERMINATION .......................................................................................................................... 9 SECTION 4.0 – EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS .............................................................. 10 SECTION 5.0 – CHECKLIST OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ........................................................................ 1 5.1 AESTHETICS ................................................................................................................................... 1 5.1.1 Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................ 1 5.2 AGRICULTURE & FORESTRY RESOURCES ...................................................................................... 2 5.2.1 Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................ 3 5.3 AIR QUALITY .................................................................................................................................. 3 5.3.1 Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................ 4 5.4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES .............................................................................................................. 5 5.4.1 Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................ 6 5.5 CULTURAL RESOURCES ................................................................................................................. 7 5.5.1 Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................ 8 5.6 ENERGY ......................................................................................................................................... 8 5.6.1 Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................ 8 5.7 GEOLOGY AND SOILS .................................................................................................................... 9 5.7.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 10 5.8 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ................................................................................................... 12 5.8.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 13 575 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 iii 5.9 HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ................................................................................... 13 5.9.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 14 5.10 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY ............................................................................................ 16 5.10.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 17 5.11 LAND USE AND PLANNING ......................................................................................................... 19 5.11.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 19 5.12 MINERAL RESOURCES ................................................................................................................. 19 5.12.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 20 5.13 NOISE .......................................................................................................................................... 20 5.13.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 20 5.14 POPULATION AND HOUSING ...................................................................................................... 21 5.14.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 21 5.15 PUBLIC SERVICES ......................................................................................................................... 22 5.15.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 22 5.16 RECREATION ............................................................................................................................... 24 5.16.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 24 5.17 TRANSPORTATION ...................................................................................................................... 25 5.17.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 25 5.18 TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES ................................................................................................... 26 5.18.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 26 5.19 UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS ............................................................................................... 27 5.19.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 28 5.20 WILDFIRE .................................................................................................................................... 29 5.20.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 30 5.21 MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE ................................................................................. 31 5.21.1 Impact Analysis .............................................................................................................. 32 SECTION 6.0 – REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 33 LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX A – Safety Element Update Housing Element Update APPENDIX B – Tribal Consultation Responses Safety Element Update APPENDIX C – Tribal Consultation Responses 576 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 iv LIST OF TABLES Page Table 2.2-1: Summary of Ability to Meet RHNA ........................................................................................... 8 LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 2.1-1: Project Location ....................................................................................................................... 5 577 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 1 CHAPTER 1.0 – PROJECT OVERVIEW Project Title: City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Project Location: Citywide. Rolling Hills is located in Los Angeles County, on the Palos Verdes Peninsula (See Figure 2.2-1: Project Location.) Lead agency name and address: City of Rolling Hills No. 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, CA 90274 Contact person and phone number: John F. Signo, AICP, Director of Planning and Community Services phone: (310) 377-1521 email: jsigno@cityofrh.net Project sponsor’s name and address: City of Rolling Hills No. 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, CA 90274 General Plan Description: Citywide Zoning: Citywide; No proposed zoning changes Approvals Required: Pursuant to State law, the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) is empowered to review the housing element of each community to ensure its compliance with the provisions of the Government Code related to facilitating the improvement and development of housing in order to make adequate provisions for the housing needs of all economic segments of the community. HCD has review but not approval authority. Prior to adoption of the Safety Element, coordination and feedback from Los Angeles County Fire Department, Rolling Hills Community Association, and the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department is required. The City Council will need to adopt the Negative Declaration for the Housing Element and Safety Element Updates. No other approvals will be required. Project Description Summary: The Project is the Sixth Cycle, 2021-2029 Housing Element Update of the City of Rolling Hills General Plan and an update to the City of Rolling Hills’s Safety Element to address various natural and human-caused hazards the City has dealt with, including earthquakes, wildfires, droughts, and land movement. The Housing Element and Safety Element Updates is are a policy updates only, and no specific development is proposed at this time. See further discussion under Section 2.0, “Project Description and Setting.” 578 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 2 CHAPTER 2.0 – PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND SETTING 2.1 INTRODUCTION The City of Rolling Hills (City) is a rural, equestrian residential community, consisting entirely of large lot residential parcels of one acre or more. The community encompasses 2.99 square miles of land (approximately 1,910 acres) on the Palos Verdes Peninsula in the County of Los Angeles (Figure 2.2-1: Project Location). The City’s General Plan was drafted and adopted in 1990. The City is proposing updates to both the Housing Element and Safety Element of the General Plan, two one of the six elements. A description of each of the updates is provided below. 2.1.1 Housing Element Update The 2020 Census indicates a citywide population of 1,739 residents, making the City the fifth smallest of the 88 cities in Los Angeles County. The City is proposing to adopt the Housing Element for the Sixth Cycle planning period from 2021 to 2029. The proposed Housing Element Update (HEU) is attached hereto as Appendix A. The Housing Element, which is part of the City’s General Plan, is a policy document designed to provide the City a coordinated and comprehensive strategy for promoting the production of safe, decent, and affordable housing within the community. California Government Code Section 65580 states the following regarding the importance of creating housing elements: The availability of housing is of vital statewide importance, and the early attainment of decent housing and a suitable living environment for every Californian, including farmworkers, is a priority of the highest order. Per State law, the housing element has two main purposes: 1. To provide an assessment of both current and future housing needs and constraints in meeting these needs; and 2. To provide a strategy that establishes housing goals, policies, and programs. 2.1.2 Safety Element Update The Safety Element Update (SEU), (Appendix AB) provides the City’s goals, policies, and actions to minimize the hazards to safety in and around the City. The SEU evaluates natural and human-caused safety hazards that affect existing and future development and provides guidelines for protecting the community from harm. The SEU describes existing and potential future conditions and sets policies for improved public safety. The goal of the SEU is to reduce the risk of injury, death, property loss, and other hardships to acceptable levels. A detailed description of the update is provided below. 2.2 SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE 2.2.1 Background Throughout its history as a city, the City has dealt with various natural hazards, including earthquakes, wildfires, droughts, and land movement. Developments in high landslide areas have occurred, and the City has been identified as being located in a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ). As a result, 579 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 3 the City has amended its building and safety codes to include special requirements such as fire-rated materials for new construction and a requirement for geotechnical studies in active fault zones. 2.2.2 Safety Element Overview The City’s SEU addresses hazards of concern relevant to the City and provides goals, policies, and implementation measures to minimize these hazards. Figures 2 through 6 of the SEU show exact locations of these hazards, which are described in the following paragraphs. Landslide Hazards Much of the existing development in the City is located on hilly terrain and has a greater potential to experience landslide hazards. Many of the canyons in the City exhibit steep slopes with little vegetation coverage, leaving them susceptible to slope failure. Seismic Hazards The City is in a seismically active region of southern California. The last major earthquake in the Los Angeles area was the 5.1 magnitude La Habra earthquake in 2014. The City is within 50 miles of the Whittier fault, Newport-Inglewood fault, Palos Verdes fault, Malibu Coast fault, Cabrillo fault, Santa Monica fault, and Redondo Canyon fault. Analysis of seismic data from the region indicates that the Whittier and Newport-Inglewood faults may generate a maximum credible earthquake of magnitude 7.2 and 7.4, respectively. The earthquake shaking potential for the City is moderate. A number of seismically active faults are present in the City and region; however, none are active faults with the potential for ground rupture, defined by the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act and delineated by California Geological Survey. The City has a low potential for liquefaction, as the subsurface soils generally lack saturated alluvial deposits and thick, granular soils. Flooding The City is not in any immediate risk from flooding caused by overflowing water bodies or heavy rains. However, runoff and minor flooding pose a risk if drainage systems fail along canyon bottoms, where natural drainage leads. Due to dam locations and the topography of the area, the inundation areas do not enter or affect any portion of the City. Wildland and Urban Fires The entire City is designated a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE 2011). The terrain in the City is composed of several large and steep canyons that limit and challenge vegetation management and present conditions where a fire can quickly travels up and downslope to nearby homes. Due to the rural nature and large residential lots, many homes are surrounded by more substantial vegetation and dense brush than in more suburban settings. 580 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 4 Hazardous Materials According to the Department of Substances Control (DTSC 2021), no hazardous waste sites or facilities are present in the City. The City and surrounding area do not contain heavy industrial uses that would create a hazardous material risk in the event of a spill, release, or natural disaster. 2.2.3 Goals and Policies Similar to the HEU, The SEU is a policy document; no actual development or rezoning of parcels is included as part of the approval. In addition to goals and policies, the SEU includes implementation measures for action items for the City. The goals, policies, and implementation for hazard mitigation, community communication, and climate change adaptation and resilience are listed at the end of the SEU. 581 CrestRdSilverS purRd I n d i a n P e akRd Palos Verdes Dr N W 1st S t PalosVerdes Dr S Mi ral esteDrPalosVerdesDrERollingHillsRdCrestridge Rd CrenshawBlvdUV107 SanBernardino Kern SanLuisObispo Ventura Santa Barbara RiversideOrange Los Angeles San Diego 1:200,000 1:5,000,000 Figure 2.1-1 City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Update Project Location Name: 21300 PLAN Fig 2.1-1 Project Location.Mxd Print Date: 12/6/2021 9:44:35 AM Author: pcarlos 0 2,000 4,0001,000 Feet ´ Project Location Project Location 582 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 6 2.3 HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE 2.3.1 Background The City’s Housing Element serves as an integrated part of the General Plan and is subject to detailed statutory requirements, including a requirement to be updated every eight years and mandatory review by the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD). This action includes the adoption of the HEU, which is a policy document; no actual development or rezoning of parcels is included as part of the HEU. The proposed HEU is an eight-year plan for the 2021-2029 period. Pursuant to Government Code Section 65583, a housing element is required to consist of an identification and analysis of existing and projected housing needs and a statement of goals, policies, quantified objectives, financial resources, and scheduled programs for the preservation, improvement, and development of housing. Specifically, a housing element is required to contain the following:  An assessment of housing needs and an inventory of resources and constraints relevant to meeting those needs (Government Code Section 65583[a])  A statement of the community’s goals, quantified objectives, and policies relative to the maintenance, preservation, improvement, and development of housing (Government Code Section 65583[a])  A program that sets forth a schedule of actions during the planning period, each with a timeline for implementation of the policies and to achieve the goals and objectives of the housing element (Government Code Section 65583[c]) Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) began the Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) process for the Sixth Cycle in Fall 2019, exploring different methodologies for allocating the regional need to individual cities and counties. As other cities began work on their Sixth Cycle Elements, the City was required to first amend its Fifth Cycle Element to accommodate both the current (Fifth) cycle and the prior (Fourth) cycle RHNA allocations due to its noncompliant status. The combined RHNA for the two cycles was 28 units. Accommodating this need meant that City was also required to amend its General Plan and zoning to create additional housing capacity. The Fifth Cycle Housing Element was adopted June 14, 2021. The Fifth Cycle Housing Element was submitted to HCD and found to be in compliance on July 7, 2021. As a result of the compliance determination, the City does not have to carry over its prior allocation and may plan only for the 45 units identified in the Sixth Cycle RHNA. 2.3.2 Housing Element Overview The City’s HEU consists of the following major components:  A review of the prior housing element and goals that were accomplished (Section 2, Evaluation of Prior Housing Element) 583 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 7  An assessment of housing needs in the City including profile and analysis of the City’s demographics, housing characteristics, and existing and future housing needs (Section 3, Housing Needs Assessment)  An assessment of resources available to meet the City’s objectives regarding housing production and preservation. Resources include land available for new construction and redevelopment, as well as financial and administrative resources available (Section 4, Housing Sites)  A review of the constraints to housing production and preservation. Constraints include potential market, governmental policy, and environmental limitations to meeting the City’s identified housing needs (Section 5, Constraints to Housing Production)  A statement of the housing plan to address the City’s identified housing needs, including housing goals, policies, and programs (Section 6, Housing Goals, Policies, Objectives, and Programs) 2.3.3 Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) State housing element law requires housing elements to be updated regularly to reflect a community’s changing housing needs, including preparation of a RHNA plan [Government Code Section 65584(a)]. A critical measure of compliance is the ability of a jurisdiction to accommodate its share of the regional housing needs based on a RHNA prepared by HCD for each Council of Governments in the state that identifies projected housing units needed for all economic segments based on Department of Finance population estimates. The SCAG is responsible for allocating this total to each of the six counties and 191 cities in the SCAG area. This process is known as the RHNA and occurs every eight years. SCAG calculates each city and county’s “fair share” of the regional need using a computer model that weighs factors such as existing population and employment, growth potential, proximity to transit, and social equity. For each jurisdiction, SCAG distributes the RHNA among four different income groups. This ensures that each city or county is planning for housing that meet the needs of all economic segments of the community, including lower income households. For the City, the RHNA for 2021-2029 is 45 units (SCAG 2020). This includes 20 very low income units, 9 low income units, 11 moderate income units, and 5 above moderate income units. The 2021-2029 Housing Element demonstrates that the City has the capacity to accommodate this assignment. 2.3.4 Summary of Ability to Meet RHNA As shown in Table 2.3-1 below, the combination of recently approved housing units (expected to be occupied in 2022), future affordable units on the Rancho Del Mar site 1, and new accessory dwelling units (ADUs) can accommodate the RHNA allocation in all income categories. The table illustrates a surplus capacity of seven lower income units based on projected ADU production over the planning period. 1 In March 2021, the City adopted an Affordable Housing Overlay Zone on the 31-acre Palos Verdes Peninsula Unified School District (PVPUSD) property located at 38 Crest Road (Rancho Del Mar site). Although the site is technically non-vacant, roughly three-quarters of the property (23 acres) is open space. The remaining areas are underutilized and could be repurposed. Consistent with the General Plan and Zoning amendments completed in 2021, the site is viable for 16 units of low/very low income housing. 584 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 8 Table 2.3-1: Summary of Ability to Meet RHNA Income Category Total Extremely Low/ Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Approved Development - 2 3 7* 12 Vacant Residential Lots - - - 20 20 Rancho Del Mar Site 8 8 - - 16 Accessory Dwelling Units 12 6 8 14 40 TOTALS 20 16 11 41 88 RHNA 20 9 11 5 45 Surplus/Deficit 0 +7 0 +36 +43 Adequate Sites? YES YES YES YES YES Notes: Includes 3 new homes and 4 ADU’s 2.3.5 2021-2029 Goals and Policies As previously mentioned, based on the City’s ability to meet RHNA allocation as described above, the HEU is a policy document; no actual development nor rezoning of parcels is included as part of the approval. The housing goals, policies, objectives, and programs which can be found in Chapter 6 of the HEU reflect the City’s continued commitment to actively support residential development and plan for the City’s fair share of regional housing needs. 585 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 9 CHAPTER 3.0 – ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATION 3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: The environmental factors checked below would potentially be affected by this project, involving at least one impact that is a “Potentially Significant Impact," as indicated by the checklists on the following pages. For each of the potentially affected factors, mitigation measures are recommended that would reduce the impacts to less than significant levels. Aesthetics Agriculture and Forestry Resources Air Quality Biological Resources Cultural Resources Energy Geology /Soils Greenhouse Gas Emissions Hazards & Hazardous Materials Hydrology /Water Quality Land Use / Planning Mineral Resources Noise Population / Housing Public Services Recreation Transportation Tribal Cultural Resources Utilities /Service Systems Wildfire Mandatory Findings of Significance 3.2 DETERMINATION On the basis of this initial evaluation: 1. I find that the project could not have a significant effect on the environment, and a NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. 2. I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, there will not be a significant effect in this case because revisions in the project have been made by or agreed to by the project proponent. A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. 3. I find the proposed project may have a significant effect on the environment, and an ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required. 4. I find that the proposed project may have a “potentially significant impact” or “potentially significant unless mitigated impact” on the environment, but at least one effect (1) has been adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and (2) has been addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis as described on attached sheets. An ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required, but it must analyze only the effects that remain to be addressed. 5. I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, because all potentially significant effects (a) have been analyzed adequately in an earlier EIR or Negative Declaration pursuant to applicable standards, and (b) have been avoided or mitigated pursuant to that earlier EIR or Negative Declaration, including revisions or mitigation measures that are imposed upon the proposed project, nothing further is required. January 10March 28, 2022 Signature Date John F. Signo, AICP Director of Planning and Community Services Name Title 586 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 10 CHAPTER 4.0 – EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 1. A brief explanation is required for all answers except “No Impact” answers that are adequately supported by the information sources a lead agency cites. A “No Impact” answer is adequately supported if the referenced information sources show that the impact simply does not apply to projects like the one involved (e.g., the project falls outside a fault rupture zone). A “No Impact” answer should be explained where it is based on project-specific factors as well as general standards (e.g., the project will not expose sensitive receptors to pollutants, based on a project-specific screening analysis). 2. All answers must take account of the whole action involved, including offsite as well as onsite, cumulative as well as project-level, indirect as well as direct, and construction as well as operational impacts. 3. Once the lead agency has determined that a particular physical impact may occur, then the checklist answers must indicate whether the impact is potentially significant, less than significant with mitigation, or less than significant. “Potentially Significant Impact” is appropriate if substantial evidence exists that an effect may be significant. If one or more “Potentially Significant Impact” entries are marked when the determination is made, an EIR is required. 4. “Negative Declaration: Less Than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated” applies where the incorporation of mitigation measures has reduced an effect from “Potentially Significant Impact” to a “Less Than Significant Impact.” The lead agency must describe the mitigation measures and briefly explain how they reduce the effect to a less than significant level (mitigation measures from earlier analyses may be cross-referenced). 5. Earlier analyses may be used where, pursuant to the tiering, program EIR, or other California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) process, an effect has been adequately analyzed in an earlier Environmental Impact Report (EIR) or negative declaration. Section 15063(c)(3)(D). In this case, a brief discussion should identify the following: a. Earlier Analysis Used. Identify and state where they are available for review. b. Impacts Adequately Addressed. Identify which effects from the above checklist were within the scope of and adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and state whether such effects were addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis. c. Mitigation Measures. For effects that are “Less than Significant with Mitigation Measures Incorporated,” describe the mitigation measures which were incorporated or refined from the earlier document and the extent to which they address site-specific conditions for the project. 6. Lead agencies are encouraged to incorporate into the checklist references to information sources for potential impacts (e.g., general plans, zoning ordinances). Reference to a previously prepared or outside document should, where appropriate, include a reference to the page or pages where the statement is substantiated. 587 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 11 7. Supporting Information Sources: A source list should be attached, and other sources used or individuals contacted should be cited in the discussion. 8. The explanation of each issue should identify: a. the significance criteria or threshold, if any, used to evaluate each question; and b. the mitigation measure identified, if any, to reduce the impact to less than significant. 588 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 1 CHAPTER 5.0 – CHECKLIST OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 5.1 AESTHETICS 1. AESTHETICS. Except as provided in Public Resources Code Section 21099, would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? (b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? (c) In non-urbanized areas, substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible vantage point). If the project is in an urbanized area, would the project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality? (d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? 5.1.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? b) Would the project substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? No Impact. The HEU and SEU are is aboth policy documents and does not include any changes to land use designations, zoning, building heights and intensities, or residential densities. Further, the Housing Element and Safety Element includes policies intended to continue to make the City a safe and desirable place to work and live. All future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to scenic vistas. Additionally, no officially designated State scenic highway is located in the City (Caltrans 2021). Potential aesthetic- related impacts are unique to a project’s location and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project site has been defined. Any future development would be subject to the City’s zoning requirements, and any potentially significant impacts identified would be addressed through mitigation measures specific to the impact. The Project would result in no impacts to scenic vistas or scenic resources within a State scenic highway. c) Would the project, in non-urbanized areas, substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible vantage point). If the project is in an urbanized area, would the project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality? No Impact. As previously mentioned, the Project would implement policies intended to continue to make the City a safe and desirable place to work and live including efforts such as development and landscaping policies, among others. The City’s current Zoning Code contains standards intended to preserve the natural beauty of the City and to maintain visual orderliness, including provisions related 589 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 2 to building standards (height, setbacks, intensities), screening of utilities in development, and outdoor improvements. All future development in the City would be required to comply with the provisions of the City’s Zoning Code and undergo project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts. The Project would result in no impacts to the visual character or quality of public views or conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality. d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? No Impact. Sources of light present throughout the City include residential uses of both interior and exterior lighting and vehicular traffic, while sources of glare include highly finished building materials such as glass, and roadway traffic. The Project consists of two a policy documents and would not directly enable construction or development. Nevertheless, all future residential development enabled by the City’s General Plan is anticipated to introduce light and glare sources typical of development; and all future development in the City would be subject to the City’s zoning requirements. The City’s current Zoning Code contains lighting requirements intended to maintain public health, safety, and welfare from noxious or offensive illumination, glare, or similar effects. All future development in the City would be required to comply with the provisions of the City’s Zoning Code and undergo project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts. The Project would result in no impact to the creation of light or glare that would adversely affect views. 5.2 AGRICULTURE & FORESTRY RESOURCES 2. AGRICULTURE & FOREST RESOURCES. (In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model (1997) prepared by the California Department of Conservation as an optional model to use in assessing impacts on agriculture and farmland. In determining whether impacts to forest resources, including timberland, are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to information compiled by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection regarding the state’s inventory of forest land, including the Forest and Range Assessment Project and the Forest Legacy Assessment project; and forest carbon measurement methodology provided in Forest Protocols adopted by the California Air Resources Board. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use? (b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? 590 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 3 (c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code section 51104(g))? (d) Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? (e) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non-agricultural use or the conversion of forest land to non-forest use? 5.2.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use? b) Would the project conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? c) Would the project conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code section 51104(g))? d) Would the project result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? e) Would the project involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non-agricultural use or the conversion of forest land to non-forest use? No Impact. The City does not contain any Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (DOC 2021a). Additionally, no land within the City is under a Williamson Act contract (DOC 2017). The Project involves updates to the City’s Housing Element and Safety Element, with no proposed changes to land use designations or zoning of parcels within the City. The City is a residential community, and no provisions contained in the Housing Element Update or the Safety Element Update would convert Prime Farmland or any farmland of unique or Statewide importance. Further, no development is proposed on forestland or timber property zoned Timberland Production. Any future development proposals would not conflict with an existing Williamson Act contract; that would result in the conversion of Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance to nonagricultural use or result in conversion or loss of forest land. Any future development on properties zoned agricultural would be analyzed in a future site-specific environmental document. Therefore, no impacts to agricultural or forestry resources would occur. 5.3 AIR QUALITY 3. AIR QUALITY. Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management district or air pollution control district may be relied upon to make the following determinations. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? 591 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 4 (b) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard? (c) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? (d) Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people? 5.3.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? b) Would the project result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard? No Impact. The City is located within the South Coast Air Basin, which is currently designated nonattainment for ozone and fine particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) (SCAQMD 1999). The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) prepared an air quality management plan (AQMP) for both pollutants in 2016 and is currently working on the 2022 AQMP (SCAQMD 2021). The Project would not directly result in construction or development activity, nor would it enable development beyond that which is currently provided for in the City’s General Plan. The number of residential units that could be developed under the HEU is consistent with the City’s current General Plan and zoning designations. Potential air quality-related impacts are location- specific and cannot be assessed in a meaningful way until the location of a project site is known. At such time that a development proposal is considered, that project will be subject to adopted development air quality standards; and any impacts identified with the development project will be addressed through mitigation measures specific to the impact. Short-term air quality impacts resulting from construction activities, such as dust generated by clearing and grading activities, exhaust emissions from gas- and diesel-powered construction equipment, and vehicular emissions associated with the commuting of construction workers, will be subject to SCAQMD air quality management plans identified above and all other relevant SCAQMD rules and regulations. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to implementation of any applicable air quality plan, nor would it result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the Project region is nonattainment under an applicable federal or State ambient air quality standard. c) Would the project expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? No Impact. As mentioned, the HEU and SEU are bothis a policy documents and does not include any changes to land use designations or zoning. Moreover, the Project does not directly enable construction or development activities. Potential air quality-related impacts are location-specific and cannot be assessed in a meaningful way until the location of a project site is known. The City’s General Plan and Municipal Code contain policies and measures related to maintaining air quality in residential neighborhoods, including protecting neighborhoods from air pollution-generating activities through site-specific environmental review and appropriate development buffers. At the time that a development proposal is considered, that project will be subject to the development review process, and any potentially significant impacts identified would be addressed through mitigation measures 592 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 5 specific to the impact. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to the exposure of sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations. d) Would the project result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people? No Impact. Impacts would be considered potentially significant if the Project were to result in the creation of objectionable odors with the potential to affect substantial numbers of people, or if construction or operation of the Project would result in the creation of nuisance odors that would be noxious to a substantial number of people. The City’s General Plan and Municipal Code contain policies and measures related to maintaining air quality in residential neighborhoods, including protecting neighborhoods from odor-generating activities through site-specific environmental review and appropriate development buffers. Residential development, such as that described in the HEU, is not a land use typically associated with odor complaints or noxious emissions. Moreover, tThe SEU contains policies to prevent health threats due to air quality impacts such as those associated with wildfire. The Project would not directly enable construction or development activities upon implementation. At the time that a development proposal is considered, that project will be subject to the development review process; and any potentially significant impacts identified would be addressed through mitigation measures specific to the impact. The Project would therefore not result in impacts related to emissions adversely affecting a substantial number of people. 5.4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES 4. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? (b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? (c) Have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? (d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? 593 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 6 4. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? (f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? 5.4.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modification, on any species identified as candidate, sensitive or special status species in local or regional plans, policies or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? No Impact. The City’s environs have the capacity to house a range of plant and wildlife species, including State and federally listed species. To protect candidate, sensitive, or special status species all future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts. Potential impacts related to biological resources are unique to a project’s location and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project site has been defined. Any future development would be subject to federal, State, regional, and local regulatory requirements related to biological resources. Further, the HEU and SEU includes policies intended to lessen impacts to biological resources, including policies to minimize housing construction in environmentally sensitive areas and policies for climate change adaptation and resiliency. Additionally, future projects would be evaluated by the City for their compliance with goals, policies, and measures contained in the City’s General Plan intended to mitigate potential impacts to natural and biological resources, including those contained in the Open Space and Conservation Element. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts on any candidate, sensitive, or special status species. b) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? c) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands (including but not limited to marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? No Impact. A substantial amount of land in the City is constrained from development due to steep hillsides and canyons, many of which contain intermittently flooded riparian and wetland habitat (USFWS 2021). However, the HEU and SEU are bothis a policy documents and would not directly enable construction or development activity. Potential impacts related to sensitive natural communities, such as riparian or wetland habitats, are unique to a project’s location and cannot be 594 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 7 meaningfully determined until a project site has been defined. Thus, all future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project- specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts on any riparian habitat, other sensitive natural communities, or on State or federally protected wetlands. d) Would the project Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? No Impact. The City is a heavily landscaped residential community interspersed with undeveloped steep hillsides and canyons (City 1990). Within these undeveloped areas, the potential exists for nesting birds and other species to occur. Nonetheless, the HEU and SEU are is a policy documents consistent with the City’s General Plan and does not propose any land use or zoning changes. Further, future development will require site-specific environmental analysis. Potential environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts to the movement of native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species, corridors, or nursery sites. e) Would the project conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? f) Would the project conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Conservancy Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? No Impact. The County of Los Angeles’s Significant Ecological Area (SEA) Program was originally established as a part of the 1980 County General Plan, to help conserve the genetic and physical diversity in the County. The SEA Ordinance, which codified the SEA Program, establishes the permitting, design standards and review process for development within SEAs. The City contains portions of the Palos Verdes Peninsula and Coastline SEA; however, only areas within unincorporated Los Angeles County are subject to this ordinance. Further, policies and programs of the HEU promote infill housing including ADUs. No development would occur pursuant to the SEU. Any development that occurs pursuant to HEU or SEU policies will occur in already disturbed areas of the community and will be reviewed and processed in accordance with City planning policies. Therefore, the Project would not conflict with any local policies, ordinances, or plans protecting biological resources; and no impacts would occur. 5.5 CULTURAL RESOURCES 5. CULTURAL RESOURCES. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant to §15064.5? 595 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 8 (b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to §15064.5? c) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? 5.5.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant to §15064.5? b) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to §15064.5? c) Would the project disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? No Impact. The Project involves adoption of two a policy documents, the HEU and SEU, which does not directly propose any ground disturbance. Potential impacts related to cultural resources are unique to a project’s location and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project site has been defined. Thus, all future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts. Future development would be subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to the discovery and proper handling of cultural and historic resources, including Public Resource Code (PRC) Section 211083.2, which requires avoidance and other measures in the event of discovery. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, no impacts to cultural resources would occur with implementation of the Project. 5.6 ENERGY 6. ENERGY Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation? (b) Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency? 5.6.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation? No Impact. The HEU and SEU are is consistent with the City’s General Plan and contain policies to conserve energy resources. However, potential impacts related to energy resources are unique to a project and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project has been defined. The HEU also seeks to conserve energy through public education on the reduction of residential energy use. Any future development would also be subject to individual review for compliance with federal, State, and local 596 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 9 regulatory requirements related to energy efficiency. Future development projects would incorporate site-specific infrastructure improvements, as necessary, and would be reviewed by relevant energy providers to identify necessary energy facility and service connections. Additionally, future projects would be evaluated by the City for their compliance with goals, policies, and measures contained in the City’s General Plan intended to mitigate potential impacts to energy resources. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, no impacts would occur. b) Would the project conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency? No Impact. Any future development in the City would be subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to energy efficiency. Additionally, goals, policies, and programs related to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (as discussed in Section 5.8: Greenhouse Gas Emissions) are closely related to reducing energy consumption through the use of alternative forms of energy or sustainable design features. Future projects would be evaluated by the City for their compliance with goals, policies, and measures contained in the City’s General Plan intended to mitigate potential impacts to energy resources. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, no impacts would occur. 5.7 GEOLOGY AND SOILS 7. GEOLOGY AND SOILS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42. ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? iv) Landslides? (b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? (c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? 597 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 10 7. GEOLOGY AND SOILS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18- 1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property? (e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water? (f) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geological feature? 5.7.1 Impact Analysis a) i) Would the project directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42. ii) Would the project directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving strong seismic ground shaking? iii) Would the project directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? iv) Would the project directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving landslides? No Impact. Rolling Hills is in a seismically active region of southern California, with the Whittier fault, Newport-Inglewood fault, Palos Verdes fault, Malibu Coast fault, Cabrillo fault, Santa Monica fault, and Redondo Canyon fault all within 50 miles of the City. The closest active fault to the City is the Palos Verdes Fault, located within the City boundaries. While there are a number of seismically active faults in the City and region, there are no active faults with the potential for ground rupture, defined by the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act. The closest Alquist-Priolo Fault Zone is the Newport-Inglewood Fault approximately nine miles northeast of the City (City 1990). Regarding other geologic hazards, much of the existing development in Rolling Hills is located on hilly terrain highly susceptible to landslide risks. However, the potential for liquefaction, lateral spreading, and seismically induced dynamic settlement is low (City 1990). The SEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man-made hazards through a number of goals, policies, implementation programs, principles, and standards. Among these is Goal 1 of the SEU, which aims for “minimization of loss of life, injury, and property damage resulting from geologic hazards”. Additionally, the Project includes implementation of two a policy documents and no development is proposed at this time. All future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine that any potential impacts are less than significant. Any future development would be subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to building design and 598 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 11 construction. Any potentially significant impacts identified would be addressed through mitigation measures specific to the impact. Therefore, the Project would result in no impacts related to the direct or indirect cause of potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death, involving rupture of a known earthquake fault, strong seismic ground shaking, and seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction or landslides. b) Would the project result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? No Impact. The Project consists of two a policy documents and would not directly enable construction or development activities. Any future development in the City would be subject to State, regional, and local requirements related to the prevention of erosion of onsite soils, as well as discharge of other construction-related pollutants, through the preparation and implementation of a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and Best Management Practices (BMPs). Additionally, future projects would be evaluated by the City for their compliance with goals, policies, and measures contained in the SEU intended to protect lives and property. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts related to soil erosion or the loss of topsoil. c) Would the project be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? No Impact. As previously discussed, much of the existing development in Rolling Hills is located on hilly terrain; and many of the City’s canyons exhibit steep slopes with little vegetation coverage. These areas are highly susceptible to landslide risks. However, the City generally lacks the thick, loose, sandy soils which lead to liquefaction and ground failure hazards. Thus, the potential for liquefaction, lateral spreading, and seismically induced dynamic settlement is low (City 1990). The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents; thus, the Project does not directly propose physical changes in the environment and does not, in and of itself, enable future development. To account for any potential instability, all future development projects would be evaluated on a site-specific basis and would be subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to building design and construction. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would have no impacts related to location on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable or that would become unstable as a result of the Project and potentially result in on or offsite landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse. d) Would the project be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property? No Impact. Expansive soils are characterized as fine-grained, such as silts and clays or soils with variable amounts of expansive clay minerals that can change in volume due to changes in water content. According to the General Plan, soil types within the City consist predominantly of fertile clays with some loams and shales (City 1990). Nevertheless, the HEU and SEU are is a policy documents; thus, the Project does not directly propose physical changes in the environment and does not, in and 599 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 12 of itself, enable future development. Future development would be evaluated in separate, site- specific CEQA documents and would be subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to building design and construction. Potential environmental impacts from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a development project is considered by the City. e) Would the project have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water? No Impact. With the exception of a Palos Verdes Unified School District site and 13 residences that have individually or collectively (through the creation of a small sewer district) connected to an adjacent jurisdiction’s sewer systems, no sanitary sewer system exists in Rolling Hills. Residences are served by individual septic tanks and seepage pits. These systems are designed to serve single-family residences and are not conducive to multi-family housing; particularly given the geologic, slope, and soil constraints in Rolling Hills. However, the HEU and SEU are is a policy documents consistent with the City’s General Plan and does not propose any land use or zoning changes. Moreover, all future development would be evaluated on a site-specific basis and subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to building design and construction. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project- specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. The Project would have no impacts related to soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems. f) Would the project directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geological feature? No Impact. All future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine that any potential impacts are less than significant. Potential impacts related to paleontological and geologic resources are unique to a project and site and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project has been defined. In the event that paleontological resources are discovered during future development projects, applicants will be required to comply with regulatory standards enumerated under in PRC Section 5097.574, which sets the protocol for proper handling. Any potentially significant environmental impacts from future development would be analyzed in a separate CEQA document and addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts related to the direct or indirect destruction of a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature. 5.8 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS 8. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment? 600 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 13 (b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? 5.8.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment? b) Would the project conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? No Impact. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents consistent with the City’s General Plan. The Project does not directly propose physical changes in the environment and does not, in and of itself, enable future development. Any future development in the City would be required to comply with the latest California Building Code, including the CALGreen code, which helps reduce GHG emissions through sustainable design and renewable energy considerations. Any potentially significant environmental impacts would be analyzed in a project-specific environmental document and addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. The Project would have no impacts related to the generation of GHG emissions or conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emission of GHGs. 5.9 HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 9. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? (b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment? (c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? (d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? (e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within 2 miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the project area? 601 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 14 (f) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? (g) Expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death involving wildland fires? 5.9.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? No Impact. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents consistent with the City’s General Plan. The Project does not directly propose physical changes in the environment and does not, in and of itself, enable future development. Moreover, the SEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man-made hazards through a number of goals, policies, implementation programs, principles, and standards. Among these are measures to mitigate the risk from hazardous materials. Construction activities associated with future individual development projects would likely involve the temporary transportation, management, and use of oils, fuels and other potentially flammable substances, such as paints, solvents, and cleaners. Hazardous materials that may be present during operation of future individual projects are usually associated with landscaping and building maintenance. Nevertheless, any future development in the City would be subject to federal, State, and local regulatory requirements related to the transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials. All potential environmental impacts resulting from future development would be analyzed in a separate environmental document and addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. b) Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment? No Impact. Residential uses enabled by the City’s HEU are generally not characterized as substantial generators of hazardous materials, nor are they anticipated to result in upset or accident conditions involving the release thereof. Further, Tthe SEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man-made hazards, including hazardous materials. Regardless, the Project involves two a policy documents and would not directly result in physical changes in the environment. Any future development would be subject to all applicable regulatory requirements concerning the proper handling, treatment, and disposal of hazardous materials. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. c) Would the project emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? No Impact. The City only has one school in its boundary: Rancho Del Mar High School located in the western portion of the City. Potential hazardous material-related impacts are location-specific and 602 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 15 cannot be assessed in a meaningful way until the location of a project site is known. At such time that a development proposal is considered, that project will be subject to the development review process; and any potentially significant impacts would be addressed through mitigation measures specific to the impact. Since the current Project involves two a policy documents and does not directly propose physical changes in the environment, no impacts related to the emission or handling of hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school would occur. d) Would the project be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? No Impact. According to the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC), no potential hazardous waste sites are under evaluation in Rolling Hills (DTSC 2021; SWRCB 2021). The City and surrounding area do not contain heavy industrial uses that would create a hazardous material risk in the event of a spill, release, or natural disaster. Additionally, the City is not located near any major transit routes involving transport of a substantial quantity of hazardous material through the City (City 1990). The Project involves two a policy documents and does not directly propose physical changes in the environment. Any future development would be subject to all applicable regulatory requirements concerning the proper handling, treatment, and disposal of hazardous materials. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. The Project would result in no impacts related to location on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5. e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within 2 miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the project area? No Impact. The HEU and SEU is aare policy documents that analyzes housing and safety needs in the City. The City is within 2 miles of the Torrance Airport, which is approximately 1.4 miles from the northern boundary of the City. However, the City is not located within the airport or airfield safety hazard zone (ALUC 2003). The Project proposes adoption of the SEU, which is a policy document that would not result in direct development or construction. Any development that occurs pursuant to Housing Element or Safety Element policies will be subject to State and local regulations regarding the transport, use, and disposal of hazardous materials and to City planning, engineering, and building requirements. No impacts relative to noise hazards are expected to occur as a result of the Project. f) Would the project impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? No Impact. The City’s Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP) identifies the potential evacuation routes listed below, which include options for rapid egress from areas within the City if threatened by a wildfire.  Main Gate at Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North 603 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 16  Crest Gate at Crest Road near Crenshaw Boulevard  Eastfield Gate at Eastfield Drive and Palos Verdes Drive East  Crest Road East (emergency access only) The SEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man-made hazards through a number of goals, policies, implementation programs, principles, and standards. Among these are measures to provide and maintain an emergency response system for the City. Moreover, future development in the City would be required to comply with the provisions of the City’s General Plan and Hazard Mitigation Plan during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to the impairment of or physical interference with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan. g) Would the project expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires? No Impact. The entire City is designated as Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) by CAL FIRE (2011). The SEU and HEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man-made hazards through a number of goals, policies, implementation programs, principles, and standards. Among these are measures to mitigate the risk from the hazards of fire and ensure the protection of people and wildlife from hazardous materials in the community. Further, future development in the City would be required to comply with the provisions of the City’s General Plan and CWPP during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would not expose people or structures to loss, injury, or death involving wildland fires; and no impacts would result. 5.10 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY 10. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or ground water quality? (b) Substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that the project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin? (c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would: 604 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 17 10. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact i) Result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off- site; ii) Substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flood on- or off-site; iii) Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff; or iv) Impede or redirect flood flows? (d) In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to project inundation? (e) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan? 5.10.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements, or otherwise substantially degrade surface or ground water quality? No Impact. The Project involves twoa policy documents which arethat is consistent with the City’s General Plan and does not directly propose physical changes to the environment. Future development in the City would be required to follow State, regional, and local regulations regarding onsite stormwater retention, so that surface waters and the groundwater aquifer are not contaminated with Project-related pollutants. To comply with federal National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) requirements and maintain its Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permit, the City is required to screen and monitor its runoff to avoid compromising downstream water quality standards. It is also required to implement a number of programs, such as an Illicit Discharge Elimination Program. The City requires BMPs for construction in order to avoid erosion, pollution, sedimentation, and runoff that would degrade water quality. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project- specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would have no impact related to violation of any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or groundwater quality. b) Would the project substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that the project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin? No Impact. The City’s water infrastructure is owned, maintained, and operated by California Water Service Palos Verdes District (District). According to the District’s 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP), the current water supply for the customers of the District is purchased imported water and groundwater is not being used as a source of supply (CalWater 2021). Further, all future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potentially significant impacts to groundwater and required project-specific mitigation 605 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 18 measures. Any future development would also be subject to all applicable State, regional, and local regulatory requirements concerning the efficient use and conservation of water resources, including measures identified in the City’s General Plan. Therefore, the Project would result in no impacts related to groundwater supplies or groundwater recharge. c) Would the project substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would: i) result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site; ii) substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or off-site; iii) create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources or polluted runoff; or iv) impede or redirect flood flows? No Impact. The Project involves two a policy documents which are is consistent with the City’s General Plan and does not directly propose physical changes to the environment. The City’s SEU also contains principles and standards intended to minimize risk from flooding or erosion. Nonetheless, potential impacts related to drainage are unique to a project and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project site has been defined. Future development in the City would be required to follow State, regional, and local regulations regarding drainage, erosion, and runoff. As mentioned, the City is required to screen and monitor its runoff to avoid compromising downstream water quality standards to comply with federal NPDES requirements and maintain its MS4 permit. The City also requires BMPs for construction in order to avoid erosion, pollution, sedimentation, and runoff that would degrade water quality. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project- specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would have no impacts. d) Would the project in flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to project inundation? No Impact. According to Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) panels 06037C2026G, 06037C2027G, and 06037C1940F, the City is not located in a flood hazard area and currently has a less than 0.2 percent annual chance to be inundated by flood waters as a result of a storm event (FEMA 2021). Additionally, the City is not located within a tsunami or seiche zone (DOC 2021b; DWR 2021). Regardless, all future development in the City would require project- specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts. Future development would be subject to all applicable federal, State, and local regulatory requirements concerning flood hazards, including measures identified in the City’s General Plan intended to minimize impacts. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would result in no impact related to risking release of pollutants due to Project inundation in flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones. e) Would the project conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan? 606 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 19 No Impact. The Project involves updating two a policy documents and does not propose any zoning or land use changes, or authorize any physical development. Any future development that occurs pursuant to the HEU or SEU in the City will be subject to State and local regulations regarding water quality, run-off, and hydrology and to City planning, engineering and building requirements. The Project would not conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan; thus, no impacts would occur. 5.11 LAND USE AND PLANNING 11. LAND USE/PLANNING Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Physically divide an established community? (b) Cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? 5.11.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project physically divide an established community? b) Would the project cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? No Impact. The City has prepared its HEU and SEU in accordance with Section 65580 and Section 65302(g) of the Government Code, respectively. The updates has have also been prepared consistent with the City General Plan and the community’s vision of its housing and safety needs and objectives. Accordingly, the HEU examines the City’s housing needs as they exist today and projects future housing needs based on RHNA allocation. No change to the land use plan or zoning map is proposed as part of the HEU. The SEU identifies and offers goals, policies, and actions to minimize the City’s hazards which pose a risk of injury, death, property loss, and other hardships. Any subsequent discretionary actions or development that occur pursuant to HEU policies will be reviewed and processed in accordance with City planning policies. The HEU and SEU hasve been prepared in full compliance with the State law, and no potential adverse impacts relative to land use would occur. 5.12 MINERAL RESOURCES 12. MINERAL RESOURCES Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? (b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally-important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan or other land use plan? 607 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 20 5.12.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? b) Would the project result in the loss of availability of a locally-important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan or other land use plan? No Impact. The City is not designated as having any known mineral resources. Although mineral resources exist in the area, they are outside the City limits and outside the boundaries of the General Plan (City 1990). Additionally, the Project proposes implementation of the HEU and SEU, which are is a policy documents consistent with the General Plan. No land use or zoning changes are proposed, and the Project would not result in direct physical changes to the environment. All future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potentially significant impacts and would integrate project-specific mitigation measures if needed. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts on the availability of any known resources or locally important mineral resource recovery sites. 5.13 NOISE 13. NOISE Would the project result in: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? (b) Generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? (c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? 5.13.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project result in generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? b) Would the project result in generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? No Impact. The HEU and SEU are is a both policy documents and would not result in direct physical changes in the environment. Thus, implementation of the Project would not generate a temporary or substantial increase in ambient noise levels. All future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential noise impacts. Further, future development would be required to adhere to the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation as 608 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 21 outlined in the General Plan Noise Element and the City’s Municipal Code. Therefore, the Project would result in no impacts associated with an increase in temporary or ambient noise levels or groundborne vibration/noise levels. c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public us airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? No Impact. The City is within 2 miles of the Torrance Airport but is not within the airport or airfield safety hazard zone. Moreover, the HEU and SEU are is a policy documents; thus, future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential noise impacts. Further, future development would be required to adhere to the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation as outlined in the General Plan Noise Element and the City’s Municipal Code. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts related to noise levels associated with development within 2 miles of an airport. 5.14 POPULATION AND HOUSING 14. POPULATION AND HOUSING. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? (b) Displace substantial numbers of existing people or housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? 5.14.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? b) Would the project displace substantial numbers of existing people or housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? No Impact. As the regional planning agency for the Los Angeles region, SCAG is responsible for preparing jurisdiction-level forecasts for each city and county in the region. The latest forecasts were adopted in September 2020 and describe conditions in a base year (2016) and forecast year (2045). SCAG forecasts indicate that City growth will be flat through 2045, with the latest published forecasts showing 700 households in 2016 and 700 households in 2045. Population in the City over the equivalent period is shown as increasing from 1,900 to 2,000, a growth rate of about 5 percent over 29 years (SCAG 2020). The 2021-2029 RHNA allocation for the City is 45 units, including 20 very low income units, 9 low income units, 11 moderate income units, and 5 above moderate income units. As previously shown in 609 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 22 Table 2.3-1, the combination of recently approved housing units (expected to be occupied in 2022), future affordable units on the Rancho Del Mar site, and new ADUs, which have been made easier to develop under a series of recently passed legislation, can accommodate the RHNA allocation in all income categories. The table illustrates a surplus capacity of seven lower income units based on projected ADU production over the planning period. Any subsequent development accomplished pursuant to the HEU or SEU will be consistent with State and regional growth mandates. The Project does not include any development that would increase population directly or indirectly and The Project will not displace housing or people. but, conversely, is intended to promote affordability and increase housing supply, which can support retention of households in all income categories. No impacts relative to population or housing would occur as a result of the Project. 5.15 PUBLIC SERVICES 15. PUBLIC SERVICES. Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services: i) Fire Protection? ii) Police Protection? iii) Schools? iv) Parks? v) Other public facilities? 5.15.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for fire protection? No Impact. The Los Angeles County Fire Department provides fire protection services to the City. Fire Station 56, located at 12 Crest Road West, serves the City under Battalion 14. The Project, which involves the SEU and HEU, would implement policies to promote maintenance of acceptable service ratios, response times, and other performance objectives for fire protection. Additionally, since the City is within the CAL FIRE VHFHSZ, the SEU includes policies to enforce VHFHSZ-specific standards during development. Compliance with these standards reduces the fire vulnerability of new structures built in the City. The HEU and SEU are is onlya policy documents, and all future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to fire protection. Further, future development would be required to adhere to State and local regulations as well as the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation as outlined in other sections of the General Plan. Therefore, the Project would have no impact on fire protection services. 610 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 23 b) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for police protection? No Impact. The Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department is contracted with the City to provide police services and protection. The Lomita Station of the Sheriff’s Department is located at 26123 Narbonne Avenue. The Project, which involves the SEU and HEU, would implement policies to promote maintenance of acceptable service ratios, response times, and other performance objectives for police protection. The HEU and SEU are is only a policy documents, and all future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to police protection. Further, future development would be required to adhere to State and local regulations as well as the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation as outlined in other sections of the General Plan. Therefore, the Project would have no impact on police protection services. c) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for schools? No Impact. The Palos Verdes Unified School District serves the City. School-related impacts depend upon the location and intensity of a project, students generated per household, and the capacity of facilities in a given attendance area. The HEU and SEU are is onlya policy documents and does not authorize future development. All future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to schools. Further, future development would be required to adhere to State and local regulations as well as the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation outlined in other sections of the General Plan. Therefore, the Project would have no impact on schools. d) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for parks? No Impact. Park-related impacts depend upon the location and intensity of a project. There is one public park, numerous trails, open space areas, three tennis courts, and two equestrian facilities that will not be impacted by the Project. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents and do not authorize future development. All future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to parks. Further, future development would be required to adhere to State and local regulations as well as the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation as outlined in other sections of the General Plan. Therefore, the Project would have no impact on parks. e) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for other public facilities? 611 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 24 No Impact. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents and do not authorize future development. All future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to other public facilities. Further, future development would be required to adhere to State and local regulations as well as the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation outlined in other sections of the General Plan. Therefore, the Project would have no impact on other public facilities. 5.16 RECREATION 16. RECREATION. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? (b) Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? 5.16.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? No Impact. Impacts to recreational facilities depend upon the location and intensity of a project. There is one public park, numerous trails, open space areas, three tennis courts, and two equestrian facilities that will not be impacted by the Project. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents and does not authorize future development. All future development would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to recreational facilities. Further, future development would be required to adhere to State and local regulations as well as the policies, principles, standards, and mitigation outlined in other sections of the General Plan. Therefore, the Project would have no impact on existing recreational facilities. b) Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? No Impact. The Project proposes adoption of the HEU and SEU, both of which are is a policy documents that would not result in direct development or construction. Therefore, the Project would not construct any recreational facilities or require the expansion of any recreational facilities. No impacts would occur to or from recreational facilities. 612 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 25 5.17 TRANSPORTATION 17. TRANSPORTATION. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Conflict with a program, plan, ordinance or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadways, bicycle and pedestrian facilities? (b) Conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3, subdivision (b)? (c) Substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature (e. g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)? (d) Result in inadequate emergency access? 5.17.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project conflict with a program, plan, ordinance or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadways, bicycle and pedestrian facilities? b) Would the project Conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3, subdivision (b)? c) Would the project substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g. farm equipment)? No Impact. Rolling Hills has no public roads or streets; thus the City's circulation infrastructure is not conducive to uses generating high trip volumes (City 2014). Nonetheless, the HEU and SEU are is a policy documents consistent with the General Plan. The updates does not include any changes to land use designations, zoning, building heights and intensities, or residential densities. Any future development would be required to adhere to all programs, ordinances, and policies that address circulation, including those in the General Plan Circulation Element and the City’s Municipal Code. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, no circulation-related impacts would result from the Project. d) Would the project result in inadequate emergency access? No Impact. Many streets in the community are “dead ends” without emergency vehicle access alternatives in the event that ingress and egress is blocked (City 2014). However, the SEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man- made hazards through a number of goals, policies, implementation programs, principles, and standards. To ensure adequate emergency access, future development in the City would be required to undergo environmental analysis and comply with the provisions of the Municipal Code during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to emergency access. 613 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 26 5.18 TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES 18. TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES. Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code section 5020.1(k), or (b) A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe. 5.18.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code section 5020.1(k)? b) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is a resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe? According to the California PRC Section 21084, a project may have a significant effect on the environment if the project “may cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource.” Assembly Bill 52 (AB 52) specifies that a project with the potential for adverse effects on tribal cultural resources may be considered a significant effect on the environment. Additionally, Senate Bill 18 (SB 18) requires a government-to-government consultation process initiated by the local governmental agency prior to adoption or amendment of a General or Specific Plan. The City, as the Lead Agency pursuant to CEQA and as required by AB 52 and SB 18, has consulted with the local Native American Tribes in the Project Area. Tribes that are located regionally include: Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians - Kizh Nation, Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission 614 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 27 Indians, Gabrielino /Tongva Nation, Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California, Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe, Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians, and Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians. Letters were sent to these Tribes on December 13, 2021. Tribes were requested to respond to AB 52 by January 12, 2022, and SB 18 by January 27, 2022. As of the release of this document, the Gabrieleño Band of Mission Indians - Kizh Nation responded with two separate letters on December 21, 2021 noting that they had no comments or concerns and no additional information to provide regarding the HEU or SEU, but requesting consultation for any and all future projects with ground disturbance as shown in Appendix BC: Tribal Consultation Response. Additionally, the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California responded noting that the City is a highly culturally sensitive area and expressed interest in finding out more information regarding the project, however, after review of the project, they submitted a follow up email stating that they have no concerns, but requested notification on future projects. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents that would not result in direct development or construction. As noted, to date, two Tribes responded during the consultation process and did not have any comments or concerns. Similar to the Project, future projects would be required comply with AB 52 and SB 18, which require consultation with any Tribes that request consultation. The Project would not cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a Tribal Cultural Resource listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources or in the local register of historical resources as defined in PRC Section 5020.1(k). Thus, no impacts to Tribal Cultural Resources would occur. 5.19 UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS 19. UTILITIES/SERVICE SYSTEMS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or storm water drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or relocation of which could cause significant environmental effects? (b) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry and multiple dry years? (c) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? (d) Generate solid waste in excess of State or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals? (e) Comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid wastes? 615 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 28 5.19.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or stormwater drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or expansion of which could cause significant environmental effects? No Impact. The Project is for the adoption of the City’s HEU and SEU, which are is a policy documents that would not result in direct development or construction. The HEU identifies approved housing developments and the construction of ADUs within the City to meet RHNA allocation. According to the HEU, the principal site improvements required upon development of a vacant property in the City are the undergrounding of electrical lines to the structure, installation of a septic system, and conformance to the City’s outdoor lighting standards. All future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation and would be subject to all applicable State, regional, and local regulatory requirements concerning the installation of utilities. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. The HEU and SEU are is a policy documents that would not result in direct development or construction. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts regarding the construction or expansion of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or stormwater drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities. b) Would the project have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal dry and multiple dry years? No Impact. According to the 2020 UWMP, the District’s only source of water supply is imported, purchased water from the West Basin Municipal Water District (WBMWD) (CalWater 2021). The WBMWD Draft 2020 UWMP states that it will be able to serve 100 percent of projected demands in normal, single-dry and multiple-dry years. As such, the District expects that, under all hydrologic conditions, purchased water supplies (in combination with the future recycled supplies) will fully serve future potable demands (CalWater 2021). Further, all future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts to groundwater. Any future development would also be subject to all applicable State, regional, and local regulatory requirements concerning the efficient use and conservation of water resources, including measures identified in the City’s General Plan. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would result in no impacts related to water supply availability. c) Would the project result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? 616 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 29 No Impact. Wastewater treatment in the City generally occurs through private septic tanks, as only several parcels on the western periphery of the City have access to sanitary sewer. For these several parcels, the Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts (LACSD) owns, operates, and maintains the sewer system consisting of gravity sewers, pumping stations, and force mains to collect wastewater from the Palos Verdes District service area (Sanitation District #5). The LACSD’s Joint Water Pollution Control Plant (JWPCP) provides the wastewater service for the District service area. It provides advanced primary and partial secondary treatment for 400 million gallons per day (MGD) of wastewater and serves a population of approximately 4.8 million people (LACSD 2021). This plant currently processes 260 MGD; thus, the system has adequate capacity for the Project (CalWater 2021). Since the Project proposes adoption of two a policy documents, all future development in the City would require project-specific environmental evaluation in order to determine any potential impacts related to wastewater. Any future development would also be subject to all applicable State, regional, and local regulatory requirements concerning the efficient use and conservation of water resources, including measures identified in the City’s General Plan. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Therefore, the Project would result in no impacts related to wastewater treatment. d) Generate solid waste in excess of State or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals? e) Would the project comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste? No Impact. The closest landfill to the City is the Savage Canyon Landfill in Whittier, California. This landfill has a remaining capacity of 9,510,833 tons and is not expected to close until 2055 (CalRecycle 2021). Since the Project proposes adoption of twoa policy documents, all future development projects would require an environmental analysis to ensure compliance with the State and local standards and the federal, State, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste. Therefore, the Project would have no impact in regard to an increase in solid waste generation or complying with applicable regulations related to solid waste. 5.20 WILDFIRE 20. WILDFIRE. If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very high fire hazard severity zones, would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? (b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose project occupants to, pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire? (c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment? 617 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 30 20. WILDFIRE. If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very high fire hazard severity zones, would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (d) Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes? 5.20.1 Impact Analysis a) Would the project impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? No Impact. The entire City is designated as a VHFHSZ by CAL FIRE (CAL FIRE 2011). As mentioned in Section 5.9, the City’s CWPP identifies the potential evacuation routes described below, which include options for rapid egress from areas within the City if threatened by a wildfire.  Main Gate at Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North  Crest Gate at Crest Road near Crenshaw Boulevard  Eastfield Gate at Eastfield Drive and Palos Verdes Drive East  Crest Road East (emergency access only) The SEU and HEU addresses the protection of the existing and future population and development from both natural and man-made hazards through a number of goals, policies, implementation programs, principles, and standards. Among these are measures to mitigate the risk from the hazards of fire. Regardless, potential impacts related to emergency response and evacuation are unique to a project and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project has been defined. Therefore, future development in the City would require individual environmental analysis to ensure compliance with the provisions of the City’s General Plan and CWPP during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to the impairment of or physical interference with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan. b) Would the project, due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose project occupants to, pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire? No Impact. As mentioned above, the entire City is designated a VHFHSZ by CAL FIRE, and a substantial amount of land in the City is steep hillsides and canyons (CAL FIRE 2011). Although the SEU and HEU includes measures to mitigate the risk of fire hazards, potential impacts related to fire exacerbation are unique to a project and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project has been defined. Thus, future development in the City would require separate environmental analysis to ensure compliance with the provisions of the City’s General Plan and CWPP during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to wildfire exacerbation. 618 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 31 c) Would the project require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines, or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment? No Impact. Principal site improvements required upon development of a vacant property in the City are the undergrounding of electrical lines to the structure, installation of a septic system, and conformance to the City’s outdoor lighting standards. The entire City is designated a VHFHSZ by CAL FIRE; however, the SEU includes measures to mitigate the risk of fire hazards. Although not anticipated under the HEU or the SEU, potential impacts related to utility installation and fire exacerbation are unique to a project and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project has been defined. Thus, future development in the City would require separate environmental analysis to ensure compliance with the provisions of the City’s General Plan and CWPP during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to wildfire exacerbation. d) Would the project expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability or drainage changes? No Impact. As mentioned above, the entire City is designated a VHFHSZ by CAL FIRE, and a substantial amount of land in the City is steep hillsides and canyons highly susceptible to landslide risks (CAL FIRE 2011). Although the SEU includes measures to mitigate the risk of fire hazards, potential impacts related to post-fire instability and drainage changes are unique to a project and cannot be meaningfully determined until a project has been defined. Thus, future development in the City would require separate environmental analysis to ensure compliance with the provisions of the City’s General Plan and CWPP during construction and operation. Any potentially significant environmental impacts identified from future development would be addressed through project-specific mitigation measures identified at the time a specific development project is considered by the City. Thus, the Project would result in no impacts related to post-fire slope instability or drainage changes. 5.21 MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE 21. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE. Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (a) Does the project have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? 619 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 32 21. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE. Potentially Significant Impact Less than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant Impact No Impact (b) Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? (“Cumulatively considerable” means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects?) (c) Does the project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? 5.21.1 Impact Analysis a) Does the project have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? b) Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? (“Cumulatively considerable” means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects?) c) Does the project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? No Impact. As demonstrated throughout this document, the Project would have no impacts to Aesthetics, Agricultural Resources, Air Quality, Biological Resources, Cultural Resources, Energy, Geology and Soils, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Hazards and Hazardous Materials, Hydrology and Water Quality, Land Use and Planning, Mineral Resources, Noise, Population and Housing, Public Services, Recreation, Transportation, Tribal Cultural Resources, Utilities and Service Systems, or Wildfires. Implementation of the City’s HEU and SEU will not create any significant or adverse impacts and would therefore not contribute to any cumulatively considerable impacts. Potential site-specific impacts that cannot be known at this time would be addressed in conjunction with any development proposal submitted for the individual project sites. The Project involves adoption of two a policy documents consistent with the General Plan and does not include any changes to land use designations, zoning, building heights and intensities, or residential densities. Therefore, the Project would have no impacts or cumulatively considerable impacts on the environment or human beings. 620 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 33 CHAPTER 6.0 – REFERENCES California Department of Conservation (DOC) 2017 State of California Williamson Act Contract Land. Available online at: https://planning.lacity.org/eir/HollywoodCenter/Deir/ELDP/(E)%20Initial%20Study/Initi al%20Study/Attachment%20B%20References/California%20Department%20of%20Cons ervation%20Williamson%20Map%202016.pdf. 2021a California Important Farmland Finder. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/ciff/. 2021b Tsunami Hazard Area Map. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/informationwarehouse/ts_evacuation/?extent=- 13249590.3641%2C3986280.7635%2C- 13132183.0887%2C4038410.8168%2C102100&utm_source=cgs+active&utm_content=l osangeles. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) 2011 Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones in LRA: Rolling Hills. Available online at: https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/media/5840/rolling_hills.pdf. California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle) 2021 SWIS Facility/Site Activity Details: Savage Canyon Landfill (19-AH-0001). Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/SolidWaste/SiteActivity/Details/3494?siteID=1399. California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) 2021 EnviroStor. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/?myaddress=rolling+hills%2C+CA. California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) 2021 California State Scenic Highway System Map. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://caltrans.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=465dfd3d807c46c c8e8057116f1aacaa. California Department of Water Resources (DWR) 2021 California Dam Breach Inundation Map Web Publisher. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://fmds.water.ca.gov/webgis/?appid=dam_prototype_v2. California Water Service (CalWater) 2021 2020 Urban Water Management Plan: Palos Verdes District. Available online at: https://www.calwater.com/docs/uwmp2020/PV_2020_UWMP_FINAL.pdf. June. City of Rolling Hills (City) 1990 City of Rolling Hills General Plan. Available online at: https://www.rolling- hills.org/government/planning_and_community_services/index.php. 621 City of Rolling Hills 2021-2029 Housing Element Update and Safety Element Update Rolling Hills, Los Angeles County, California Chambers Group, Inc. 21330 34 2014 2014-2021 Update of the Housing Element of the General Plan. Available online at: https://cms5.revize.com/revize/rollinghillsca/Goverment/Planning%20And%20Commun ity%20Services/Housing%20Element%202014%20_201402111636398968.pdf. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 2021 National Flood Hazard Layer Viewer. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://hazards- fema.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=8b0adb51996444d4879338 b5529aa9cd. Los Angeles County Airport Land Use Commission (ALUC) 2003 Torrance Airport. Available online at: https://planning.lacounty.gov/assets/upl/project/aluc_airport-torrance.pdf. Los Angeles County Sanitation District (LACSD) 2021 Wastewater Treatment Process at JWPCP. Accessed on December 23, 2021, at: https://www.lacsd.org/services/wastewater-sewage/facilities/joint-water-pollution- control-plant/wastewater-treatment-process-at-jwpcp. South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) 1999 Map of Jurisdiction. Available online at: http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default- source/default-document-library/map-of-jurisdiction.pdf. 2021 2022 AQMP. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: http://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/clean-air-plans/air-quality-mgt-plan#. Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) 2020 The 2020-2045 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy of the Southern California Association Of Governments: Connect SoCal. Available online at: https://scag.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/0903fconnectsocal- plan_0.pdf?1606001176. State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) 2021 GeoTracker. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://geotracker.waterboards.ca.gov/map/?CMD=runreport&myaddress=rolling+hills %2C+CA. United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) 2021 National Wetlands Inventory. Accessed December 2021. Available online at: https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/data/Mapper.html. 622 APPENDIX A – HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE APPENDIX A – SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE 623 ROLLING HILLS ROLLING HILLS GENERAL PLANGENERAL PLAN SAFETY ELEMENT prepared by City of Rolling Hills Planning and Community Services 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, California 90274 prepared with the assistance of Rincon Consultants, Inc. 706 South Hill Street, Suite 1200 Los Angeles, California 90014 November 2021 624 Table of Contents Safety Element i Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 City Setting ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Regulatory Setting .......................................................................................................................... 1 Critical Facilities and Infrastructure ................................................................................................ 3 Hazards of Concern................................................................................................................................. 6 Geologic Hazards ............................................................................................................................ 6 Flooding ........................................................................................................................................10 Wildland and Urban Fires .............................................................................................................14 Hazardous Materials .....................................................................................................................17 Community Communication .................................................................................................................17 Emergency Response and Evacuation ..........................................................................................17 Disease Prevention .......................................................................................................................19 Climate Change .....................................................................................................................................20 Vulnerable Populations and Assets ..............................................................................................20 Vulnerability Assessment Results .................................................................................................22 Goals, Policies, and Implementation ....................................................................................................24 Hazard Mitigation .........................................................................................................................24 Community Communication .........................................................................................................31 Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience ..................................................................................39 References ............................................................................................................................................41 Tables Table 1 Rolling Hills Climate Summary ............................................................................................ 1 Table 2 Rolling Hills Demographic Characteristics ........................................................................... 2 Table 3 Active Faults Located less than 50 Miles from Rolling Hills ................................................ 9 Figures Figure 1 Critical Facilities Map .......................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2 Landslide Hazard Zones ...................................................................................................... 7 Figure 3 Faults in the Vicinity of Rolling Hills .................................................................................... 8 Figure 4 Rolling Hills Earthquake Shaking Potential .......................................................................11 Figure 5 Rolling Hills Liquefaction Hazard Areas .............................................................................12 Figure 6 Dam Inundation Areas ......................................................................................................13 Figure 7 Fire Hazard Zones ..............................................................................................................15 Figure 8 Existing Evacuation Routes ...............................................................................................18 625 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan ii Appendices Appendix A Existing Conditions Report 626 Introduction Safety Element 1 Introduction The Safety Element provides the City of Rolling Hills’ (City’s) goals, policies, and actions to minimize the hazards to safety in and around Rolling Hills. The Element evaluates natural and human-caused safety hazards that affect existing and future development and provides guidelines for protecting the community from harm. The Element describes existing and potential future conditions and sets policies for improved public safety. The goal of the Safety Element is to reduce the risk of injury, death, property loss, and other hardships to acceptable levels. City Setting Rolling Hills covers an area of approximately three square-miles on the Palos Verdes peninsula, approximately 18 miles south of downtown Los Angeles. The topography of the city and peninsula area is unique in that it rises above the Los Angeles Basin with rolling hills, steep slopes, and canyons. The city itself is in the San Pedro Hills. Due to its location near the coast, the area is generally cooler and has fewer air quality concerns compared to the nearby Los Angeles Basin. Table 1 summarizes the climatology of the area. Rolling Hills City Hall Rolling Hills is a residential community that consists of large parcels and ranch-style homes and has a sizable older adult1 population of about 513 (28% of the city’s total population). Important community demographic data for Rolling Hills is included in Table 2. The city is also an equestrian community, as many of residents are horse owners or have horses on their property. Regulatory Setting Section 65302(g) of the California Government Code requires that the General Plans include a Safety Element for the protection of the community from any unreasonable risks associated with the effects of seismically induced surface rupture, ground shaking, ground failure, tsunami, Table 1 Rolling Hills Climate Summary Climate Character Estimate Annual Average Observed Maximum Temperature from 1961 - 1990 (Fahrenheit) 71 Annual Average Observed Minimum Temperature from 1961 – 1990 (Fahrenheit) 50 Annual Average Observed Precipitation from 1961 – 1990 (inches) 19 Source: Cal-Adapt 2021 1 An older adult is any adult over the age of 65 years old. 627 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 2 Table 2 Rolling Hills Demographic Characteristics Demographic Characteristics Estimate General Total Population 1,739 Population under 10 years 7 percent Population over 65 years 28 percent1 Race 77 percent White, 18 percent Asian, 5 percent Hispanic/Latino Disability (hearing, vision, cognitive, ambulatory) 12 percent Housing Total Households 6451 Average Household Size 2.76 Owner-occupied Households 96 percent Population over 65 years living alone 15 percent of those over 65 years Employment Unemployment Rate 6 percent Poverty Rate 2 percent Median Income $ 239,000 Insurance Coverage 97 percent Source: U.S. Census 2018 seiche, and dam failure; slope instability leading to mudslides and landslides; subsidence and other geologic hazards; flooding, and wildland and urban fire. In addition, Safety Elements are required to address non-hazard specific issues such as peak load water supply, evacuation routes, and military installations. Senate Bill 379, adopted on October 8, 2015, requires cities to include climate change adaptation and resilience into the general plan process. To comply with SB 379, this Safety Element includes a vulnerability assessment; adaptation and resilience goals, polices, and objectives; and feasible implementation measures. Senate Bill 99, adopted August 30, 2020, requires the cities to “identify residential developments in any hazard area identified in the safety element that does not have at least two emergency evacuation routes.” SB 99 does not define neighborhood and cities are expected to define neighborhoods based on their community. Relationship to Other Documents The Rolling Hills Safety Element is one of several plans that address safety in the City. The Safety Element must be consistent with these other plans to ensure the City has a unified strategy to address safety issues. The Safety Element includes information and policies from the following documents to ensure consistency. Other General Plan Elements The Safety Element is one section of the Rolling Hills General Plan. Other elements include Land Use, Transportation, Housing, 628 Introduction Safety Element 3 Conservation, Open Space and Recreation and Noise. Policies in these other elements may be related to safety issues. Information and policies in the Safety Element should not conflict with those in other elements. Hazard Mitigation Plan The City’s Hazard Mitigation Plan includes resources and information to assist the City of Rolling Hills, its residents, and public and private sector organizations in planning for hazard events. The Plan provides a list of activities that may assist the City in reducing risk and preventing loss from future hazard events. The action items address multi-hazard issues, as well as activities specifically for reducing risk and preventing losses relating to earthquake, land movement, wildfire, and drought. Community Wildfire Protection Plan The City’s Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP), adopted in July 2020, seeks to reduce wildfire risk in Rolling Hills. The Plan was developed collaboratively among stakeholders including the community, the City of Rolling Hills, the Rolling Hills Community Association, and the Los Angeles County Fire Department, and the Los Angeles Sheriff’s Department. The Plan includes fire mitigation and evacuation strategies for the community. Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Critical facilities are places that provide emergency services or serve people who would be impacted by an emergency. Examples include hospitals, fire stations, police stations, emergency services facilities, utility facilities, and communication facilities. Critical facilities can also include the transportation system and schools. Due to the size and composition of Rolling Hills, many of the critical facilities that serve the city are located outside of city limits. No areas in Rolling Hills have been identified as lacking emergency service. Critical facilities that serve the city are shown in Figure 1 and include: Rolling Hills City Hall: 2 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA Rolling Hills Community Association: 1 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA Rancho Del Mar High School: 38 Crest Road West, Rolling Hills, CA Storm Hill Park: Agua Magna Canyon, Rolling Hills, CA Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Lomita Station: 26123 Narbonne Avenue, Lomita, CA Los Angeles County Fire Station No. 56: 12 Crest Road West, Rolling Hills, CA Los Angeles County Communications Tower: 5741 Crestridge Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: Crestridge Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: Tarragon Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: 27873 Hawthorn Boulevard, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: Palos Verdes Drive North/Palos Verdes Drive East (SW corner), Rolling Hills Estates, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 3960 East Crest Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: Via Canada, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 1 Spur Lane, Rolling Hills, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 60 Eastfield Drive, Rolling Hills, CA Portuguese Bend Road Crest Road 629 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 4 Rolling Hills Community Association 630 Introduction Safety Element 5 Figure 1 Critical Facilities Map 631 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 6 Hazards of Concern Geologic Hazards Geologic processes that pose a threat to life, health, property, or infrastructure are considered geologic hazards. Natural geologic hazards that have the potential to affect Rolling Hills include seismic hazards, landslides, liquefaction, expansive soils, and weathering. In most cases, these natural processes cannot be prevented; however, the magnitude of destruction resulting from natural geologic hazards can be reduced through planning policies and measures. Landslide Hazards Landslide activity refers to a wide range of gravity driven downslope earth movement, including rockslides, rotational slips, mudslides, and shallow debris flows. Geological and geomorphological conditions such as soil type, soil strength, slope angle, and slope height predispose slopes for failure. Other factors affecting the susceptibility to slope failure include the amount of precipitation, vegetation on the slope, groundwater seepage, and human modifications to the slope. Landslides often result in damage to property and roadways and can cause them to become unsafe due to displacement of the subsurface. Much of the existing development in Rolling Hills is located on hilly terrain and have a greater potential to experience landslide hazards. Many of the canyons in Rolling Hills exhibit steep slopes with little vegetation coverage, leaving them susceptible to slope failure. Figure 2 shows the landslide zones in the City of Rolling Hills, as mapped by the California Geological Survey (CGS). Landslide activity has been well documented in the region. Relicts of landslides and rockslides are present throughout the City of Rolling Hills. 2 “Beginning in” is defined as the first noted event of major rock movement The following major landslides have occurred in and adjacent to the city. All are in the landslide hazards areas identified in Figure 2: ▪ Portuguese Bend Landslide: Beginning in2 1956 over approximately 270 acres in Rancho Palos Verdes ▪ Abalone Cove Landslide: Beginning in 1974 over 80 acres in Rancho Palos Verdes ▪ Klondike Canyon Landslide: Beginning in 1979 over to the south near the coastline ▪ Flying Triangle Landslide: Beginning in 1970s or 1980s over approximately 70 acres in the southeast area of the city The Flying Triangle Landslide, shown in Figure 2, continues to impact the southeast portion of the city through impacts to private roads and above-ground utility lines. This area is relatively unsuitable for development due to the ongoing changes in topography. Seismic Hazards Rolling Hills is in a seismically active region of southern California. The last major earthquake in the Los Angeles area was the 5.1 magnitude La Habra earthquake in 2014. Rolling Hills is within 50 miles of the Whittier fault, Newport-Inglewood fault, Palos Verdes fault, Malibu Coast fault, Cabrillo fault, Santa Monica fault, and Redondo Canyon fault. Analysis of seismic data from the region indicates that the Whittier and Newport- Inglewood faults may generate a maximum credible earthquake of magnitude 7.2 and 7.4, respectively (SCEC 2013). Figure 3 shows the faults in the vicinity of Rolling Hills. Typically, seismic shaking and fault rupture are primary hazards as they occur as a direct result of the interaction between the seismic wave energy and the earth’s surface. Secondary hazards, such as liquefaction and earthquake-induced landslides, occur as a result of the primary earthquake hazards. 632 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 7 Figure 2 Landslide Hazard Zones 633 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 8 Figure 3 Faults in the Vicinity of Rolling Hills 634 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 9 Often, earthquake activity can result in other effects such as building damage/collapse, infrastructure failure, pipeline breakage, and damage to transportation and communication facilities. The size of the earthquake and distance from the fault rupture zone typically determine the severity of these events. Seismic Shaking Seismic shaking, or ground shaking, refers to the movement of the earth’s surface resulting from the energy release by an earthquake. Seismic shaking is typically the primary cause of property damage resulting from earthquake activity. Seismic shaking can destroy buildings, roadways, powerlines, and pipelines. Energy transmitted through the ground can travel hundreds of miles and may cause damage in many locations simultaneously. Closer proximity to the fault rupture area results in stronger shaking in that location. The amount of ground shaking that occurs in a location depends on the magnitude of the earthquake, the distance from the epicenter, and local soil conditions. The intensity of ground shaking is related to the peak ground velocity during an earthquake. As shown in Figure 4, the earthquake shaking potential for Rolling Hills is low to moderate. The intensity of seismic shaking is measured using the Modified Mercalli scale. According to the CGS, an active fault is one that has experienced surface movement in the past 11,000 years. The city is located near a number of active faults, including the Cabrillo Fault in city limits. Table 3 includes a list of nearby faults, their respective distance from the city, the maximum credible earthquake generated from each fault, and the likelihood of earthquake occurrence in each case. The San Andreas fault is located approximately 80 miles to the east of Rolling Hills. Although the San Andreas fault is located at a greater distance from the city, seismic shaking originating from earthquakes occurring along the San Andreas fault poses a threat to the city. Figure 3 identifies the active and inactive faults located in the city and vicinity. Fault Rupture Fault Rupture occurs when seismic movement on a fault break through the earth’s surface. Hazards related to fault rupture arise when structures are built near or on top of an active fault. While there are a number of seismically active faults in the city and region, there are no active faults with the potential for ground rupture, defined by the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act and delineated by CGS. Figure 3 shows the designated Alquist-Priolo study zones, the closest of which is the Newport-Inglewood Fault approximately nine miles northeast of the city. Table 3 Active Faults Located less than 50 Miles from Rolling Hills Fault Name* Approximate Distance from Rolling Hills Whittier 25 miles east Newport-Inglewood 9 miles east Palos Verdes <1 mile north Malibu Coast 20 miles northwest Cabrillo Located in the City boundaries Santa Monica 20 miles north-northwest *All faults listed are active. An active fault is one that has experienced surface movement in the past 11,000 years. 635 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 10 Liquefaction and Settlement Liquefaction is a ground failure phenomenon that occurs as a result of a seismic event. Liquefaction increases water content in surface soils until the soil reaches a semi- liquid state, contributing to a reduction in support, and ultimately resulting in shifting or subsidence of buildings and utilities. Ground failure typically occurs when the following conditions exist: ▪ Loose, unconsolidated granular soils ▪ Shallow groundwater ▪ Strong seismic ground shaking While Rolling Hills has moderate to high seismic shaking potential, the subsurface soils generally lack saturated alluvial deposits and thick, granular soils. Figure 5 shows the liquefaction hazard areas, which are in the low-lying areas to the east and north, generally surrounding the Los Angeles Harbor and Harbor Lake. Liquefaction potential for Rolling Hills is low, as shown in Figure 5. Earthquake Induced Landslides Ground failure or destabilization of slopes resulting from an earthquake can also occur following seismic activity in the form of Earthquake-Induced Landslides. Earthquake- induced landslides typically occur in areas with steep slopes or unstable soil conditions. As discussed above under Landslide Hazards, the risk of landslide activity in Rolling Hills is high. Much of the city overlies areas that have been identified as landslide zones by the CGS. Risk of landslide activity increases following rainfall events that result in saturated soils. Both shallow and deep seeded landslides have historically occurred in the city. Flooding Rolling Hills participates in the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) National Flood Insurance Program. According to the FEMA flood maps, the city is not located in a flood hazard area and currently has a less than 0.2 percent annual chance to be inundated by flood waters as a result of a storm event (FEMA 2008). Overall, the city is not in any immediate risk from flooding caused by overflowing water bodies or heavy rains. However, runoff and minor flooding pose a risk if drainage systems fail along canyon bottoms, where natural drainage leads. Dam Inundation No water storage facilities that the State of California identifies as dams are located in Rolling Hills. Just outside city limits are three water storage facilities identified as dams, which include: ▪ Palos Verdes Reservoir. Owned by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California and located at the southeast corner of Palos Verdes Drive East and Palos Verdes Drive North. According to the California Department of Water Resources, the reservoir can hold approximately 1,100 gallons of water and has an extremely high downstream hazard. ▪ 10 MG Walteria and 18 MG Walteria. Two reinforced concrete tanks which are owned by the City of Torrance and located at Crenshaw Boulevard and Crest Road. The tanks can hold 31 and 58 acre- feet (AF) of water, respectively. Senate Bill 92, adopted in 2017, is a new dam safety requirement that requires dam owners to map the downstream inundation areas for dams governed by the Department of Water Resources. Figure 6 shows the inundation areas for the nearby water storage facilities. Due to their locations and the topography of the area, the inundation areas do not enter or affect any portion of the city. 636 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 11 Figure 4 Rolling Hills Earthquake Shaking Potential 637 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 12 Figure 5 Rolling Hills Liquefaction Hazard Areas 638 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 13 Figure 6 Dam Inundation Areas 639 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 14 Wildland and Urban Fires The entire City of Rolling Hills is designated a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire), as shown in Figure 7. Rolling Hills terrain is comprised of several large and steep canyons that limit and challenge vegetation management and present conditions where a fire can quickly travels up and downslope to nearby homes. Due to the rural nature and large residential lots, many homes are surrounded by more substantial vegetation and dense brush than in more suburban settings. The bridle trails for hikers and equestrian access also contain dense vegetation and management difficulties, which contributes to the fire risk of the city. Electrical power lines pose a hazard to starting fires in the city if lines are not automatically de-energized when knocked down by extreme weather or if the surrounding vegetation is not adequately managed. There is a history of fires in the city and the surrounding Palos Verdes Peninsula. Three major fires have been documented on the Peninsula and in the city in: ▪ 1923: an estimated 4,000 acres burned in Palos Verdes Hills ▪ 1945: 3,000 acres burned ▪ 1973: approximately 900-925 acres burned, 12 homes destroyed, and 10 homes damaged ▪ 2005: 212 acres burned near Del Cero Park ▪ 2009: 230 acres burned, 6 homes damaged, and forced 1,200 residents on the Peninsula to evacuate ▪ 2015: 3 acres burned Los Angeles County Fire Station No. 56 640 Hazards of Concern Safety Element 15 Figure 7 Fire Hazard Zones 641 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 16 For many of the developed residences in the city that are vulnerable to fires, their risk may increase with construction techniques that may not meet current wildfire standards. Rolling Hills Building Code and Los Angeles County Fire Department, under the VHFHSZ standards, require new development to include more stringent design and material standards for roofing, eaves, and rafter tails as well as exterior finishes and fire buffer zones. While compliance with these standards reduces the vulnerability to new structures, existing structures that have not complied with these standards may be susceptible to undue fire risk. Existing Fire Risk Reduction Strategies ▪ Rolling Hills Municipal Code (RHMC) Chapter 8.24 Abatement of Nuisances, Chapter 8.30: Fire Fuel Abatement, and Chapter 15.20 Fire Code ▪ Los Angeles County Fire Department Fuel Modification Plans ▪ Los Angeles County Fire Code Section 4908 ▪ Rolling Hills Community Wildfire Protection Plan vegetation management standard recommendations ▪ Rolling Hills Community Association fire fuel management strategies Portuguese Bend Road, south of Crest Road 642 Community Communication Safety Element 17 Hazardous Materials According to the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC), there are no hazardous waste sites or facilities in Rolling Hills (DTSC 2020). The city and surrounding area do not contain heavy industrial uses that would create a hazardous material risk in the event of a spill, release, or natural disaster. The city is not located near any major transit routes involving transport of a substantial quantity of hazardous material through the city. However, the nearby oil refineries (located along Sepulveda Boulevard approximately six miles northeast) and Port operations (located approximately three miles to the east) could create air quality impacts if wind patterns and release events occur. Air quality impacts are discussed in the Open Space and Conservation Element of the Rolling Hills General Plan. Community Communication Emergency Response and Evacuation Police Response and Crime The Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department is contracted with the city to provide police services and protection to the city. The Lomita Station of the Sheriff’s Department located at 26123 Narbonne Avenue serves the city. According to the Lomita Station crimes report from January 1, 2020, through December 31, 2020, Rolling Hills had 7 reported crimes (LACSD 2020). The crimes were related to theft, burglary, and arson. Outside the city limits and in the Lomita District, 401 crimes were reported during this same period, 79 of which were violent crimes (LACSD 2021). The difference in crimes in the city and the surrounding area is attributed to the private nature of the city. There are three entrances to the city, all of which are gated and staffed 24 hours a day. Visitors are required to be on a resident’s guest list to enter city limits, reducing crime in the city and demand on Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department. Fire Response The Los Angeles County Fire Department provides emergency operations support to the City and participates in the California mutual aid system. Mutual aid is emergency assistance that is dispatched upon request across jurisdictional boundaries. Fire Station 56, located at 12 Crest Road West, serves the city under Battalion 14, which also serves the remaining Palos Verdes Peninsula, Lomita, and Avalon Canyon. Fire response constraints in the city include ability to access certain homes or areas due to inadequate road widths for fire maneuvering. One of the major topics of concern related to fire response in the city relates to vegetation clearing along roadways. Ten-foot clearance on each side of the roadway, especially the limited access roads, is important for fire response and evacuation during a fire, according to Scott Hale, Assistant Fire Chief. Evacuation Strategies and Routes Because a variety of hazards could affect city residents, it is vital to identify critical routes for evacuation in the event of a major event. Senate Bill 99, adopted August 30, 2020, requires cities to “identify residential developments in any hazard area identified in the safety element that does not have at least two emergency evacuation routes.” Due to the size of Rolling Hills and that it has four evacuation routes, no neighborhoods have been identified as not having two evacuation routes. As shown on the Figure 8, the evacuation routes also connect to major 643 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 18 Figure 8 Existing Evacuation Routes 644 Community Communication Safety Element 19 roadways in the area that are multi- directional such as Crenshaw Boulevard, Palos Verdes Drive North and Palos Verdes Drive East. Figure 8 identifies the existing evacuation routes in the city, which are: ▪ Main Gate at Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North ▪ Crest Gate at Crest Road near Crenshaw Blvd ▪ Eastfield Gate at Eastfield Drive and Palos Verdes Drive East ▪ Crest Road East Gate at the end of Crest Road East Crest Road East Gate has been updated with a motor and has no guards. This gate is available as an emergency exit to the city during emergencies. The City’s recently adopted CWPP establishes evacuation strategies and methodologies, including: ▪ Using the City’s Block Captains3 as important coordinators for residents ▪ Communication goals between the City, emergency responders, Rolling Hills Community Association, and residents ▪ Details for residents regarding how people get notified during an evacuation ▪ Responsibilities and operations of the Emergency Operations Center Disease Prevention As evidenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, unforeseen infectious diseases can be disastrous for communities, especially vulnerable groups such as older adults, and people with compromised immune systems. The City worked diligently during the pandemic to minimize risk to community members. The Block Captains regularly checked in on old adults in the community, Fire Station Trail 3 The Rolling Hills Block Captain Program is a city-sponsored, resident-based community program of volunteers. Their role is to get to know neighbors, help them to prepare for an emergency, and be a liaison between first responders and City of Rolling Hills during an emergency. 645 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 20 finding out what residents needed, helping run errands, and providing hand sanitizer Additionally, the City disseminated information regularly including where to buy groceries at the beginning of the pandemic, testing information, and more. Policies regarding infectious disease can help expedite recovery and prepare the community for future risks. Climate Change Climate change is expected to affect future occurrences of natural hazards in and around Rolling Hills. Some hazards are projected to become more frequent and intense in the coming decades, and in some cases, climate impacts have already begun. In developing the Safety Element, the City competed a Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment consistent with Government Code Section 65302(g), which assesses how the populations and assets in Rolling Hills are vulnerable to different climate hazards. The full Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment can be found in Appendix A: Existing Conditions Report. According to the Vulnerability Assessment, the city is most vulnerable to wildfire impacts, extreme heat, and landslide impacts from climate change. According to the Vulnerability Assessment and the California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment, Rolling Hills can expect the following changes to natural hazard events: ▪ Projected annual average maximum temperature is expected to increase in Rolling Hills between 1.8- and 6.6-degrees Fahrenheit (°F) compared to 1990, depending on the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenario.4 4 The Vulnerability Assessment uses two GHG emissions scenarios: Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5. RCP 4.5 describes a scenario in which GHG ▪ Extreme heat events are also expected to increase in Rolling Hills. The annual number of average extreme heat days is projected to increase from a baseline of 4 between 1950 and 2005 to 8 or 14 between 2030 and 2099, depending on the GHG emissions scenario. ▪ Although only small changes in average precipitation are projected, the Los Angeles Region, which includes Rolling Hills, is expected to experience dry and wet precipitation extremes and higher frequency and severity of storms. Increasing storm intensity may exacerbate landslide hazards in the city. Warmer and drier conditions state-wide could increase the prevalence of drought conditions that could impact Rolling Hills. ▪ Wildfire is projected to increase over all of southern California. Vulnerable Populations and Assets As climate change occurs, communities will be affected to varying degrees and impacts depending on the hazard as well as how sensitive the communities are to impacts. Virtually all people and assets in a community will be affected by climate change in some way, but some communities may be more sensitive. The Vulnerability Assessment identified the following sensitivities: Populations ▪ Children. Approximately 6.6 percent of the total population in Rolling Hills are ten years old or younger. ▪ Persons in Poverty. This is identified for people living in households with an income below the poverty limit, which is $26,200 for a household of four people. There are approximately 26 people in emissions peak around 2050 and then decline. RCP 8.5 is the scenario in which GHG emissions continue to rise through 2050 before leveling off around 2100. 646 Climate Change Safety Element 21 Rolling Hills who live in poverty, or approximately 1.6 percent of the total population for whom poverty status can be determined. ▪ Persons with Chronic Health Conditions. These are people who have a long-term or permanent health condition that can create regular challenges in their day-to- day lives. These health problems include obesity, cancer, heart disease, and arthritis. In addition, those with any kind of disability, including mobility challenges, hearing, or vision impairments, behavioral disabilities, and challenges living independently or taking care of themselves. Approximately 11.5 percent of the population have identified having a disability. ▪ Renters. These are people who live in homes that they (or the head of their household) do not own. Approximately 24 housing units, or 4 percent of the housing units in Rolling Hills, are renter-occupied. ▪ Older Adults. These are persons 65 years or older are more at risk for climate change impacts, especially those living alone. 28 percent of the population of Rolling Hills are over 65 years, and 15 percent of those over 65 years live alone. ▪ Limited English Proficiency. Approximately three percent of households have identified being limited English-speaking. Of those, a majority spoke Asian and Pacific Island languages and Spanish. Infrastructure ▪ Access Roads. These roadways are one of a few, or the only, ways in and out of some communities or neighborhoods. The single or limited number of entry and exit points does not make the road itself more vulnerable than other roads, but loss of these roadways can effectively cut off large numbers of people from other areas in the Palos Verdes Peninsula and the rest of Los Angeles County. Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are the primary access roads into and out of the city. ▪ Bridle Trails. Throughout the community are over 25 miles of trails available to residents and non-city residents who obtain permits. The trails are maintained by the Rolling Hills Community Association and located primarily in canyon areas. ▪ Electrical Substations. Electrical substations are facilities that convert electricity from one voltage to another, making it suitable for long-distance transmission or for use by homes, businesses, and other electrical customers. There are no electrical substations located in city limits, but three are located near the city in Rancho Palos Verdes and owned/operated by Southern California Edison. ▪ Electrical Utility Lines. These lines transmit and deliver electricity from Southern California Edison to the city. The city has both underground and overhead electric utility lines. ▪ Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines. Natural gas pipelines carry large volumes of natural gas between communities. There are no transmission lines in the city. One transmission line ends at the intersection of Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North, adjacent to city limits. ▪ Water Reservoirs and System. The system that stores and supplies drinking water for residents. Palos Verdes Water District of the California Water Service supplies water to Rolling Hills. There are two California Water Service water reservoirs in the city limits. Services ▪ Public Safety Response. Public safety services are provided by law enforcement 647 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 22 and fire agencies. These agencies include the Los Angeles County Sheriff and Fire Departments. ▪ Water Services. These services involve treating and transporting water to be used by customers and transporting and treating wastewater so it can be safely released into the environment. California Water Service provides drinking water to the city. ▪ Energy Delivery. Energy services in Rolling Hills include electricity and natural gas delivered through utility lines from Southern California Edison and Southern California Gas Company. Vulnerability Assessment Results The Vulnerability Assessment indicates that the city’s populations, infrastructure, and services are most vulnerable to wildfire, extreme heat, and extreme precipitation events. Populations Vulnerable populations such as older adults, residents with chronic health conditions, and those with financial trouble are most at risk to extreme heat and wildfire impacts. 28 percent of the city’s population is over 65 years. Older adults do not adjust as well as young people to sudden changes in temperature and are more likely to have medical conditions that can worsen with extreme heat (CDC 2017a). Older adults who are living alone are even more at risk as the actions necessary to mitigation extreme heat are more difficult alone. Getting water, changing clothes, showering, or turning on the air conditioner may be more difficult for older adults with physical disabilities and do not have a partner to assist them. Extreme heat can be highly dangerous to persons with chronic health conditions, because very high temperatures can exacerbate diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, respiratory ailments, and other diseases. Some of these people have weakened immune systems which can make them more likely to contract illnesses and vulnerable to human health hazards. In addition, they may be taking medications that make the effects of extreme heat worse (CDC 2017b). While there are not many households in poverty in the city, those who are have limited financial resources to upgrade their homes to have air conditioning to better resist extreme heat. Older adults, residents with chronic health conditions, and those with financial trouble are the populations most at risk to wildfire impacts. Older adults are almost three times more likely to die in a fire than the overall population (USFA 2017), and typically have increased mobility or mental health issues. Therefore, older adults, especially those in the city living alone, have more difficulties evacuating to safe areas when there is a need. Those in Rolling Hills with limited financial resources are more unlikely to retrofit their homes to better resist climate- related hazards such as wildfires. In addition to direct impacts, indirect impacts such as poor air quality also creates public health hazards to the city. Recent California wildfires in August and September 2020 had areas of California recording the worst air quality in the world and highlighted the hazards of secondary impacts from wildfires, which could impact the city from fires throughout the State. Older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions are likely to be impacted most by these secondary impacts. Also, those with limited finances or without air conditioning would be impacted by secondary smoke impacts that occur during local and regional wildfires. Infrastructure Access roads, residential structures, and community facilities and government buildings are the most vulnerable 648 Climate Change Safety Element 23 infrastructure to wildfire and extreme precipitation impacts from climate change. All city infrastructure is located in a VHFHSZ. Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are critical for access to and evacuation from many areas of the city. Wildfires may not significantly damage the infrastructure, but they could result in closure or the inability to travel on them during wildfire events, which can isolate areas of the city and create severe health and safety risks. Wildfires are unlikely to substantially damage trails directly, but they can force widespread trail closures which are an important asset to the community. The greatest potential impact of life and well- being would be to residential structures, which are the primary structures in the city. In addition, impacts to Rolling Hills Community Association and City Hall structures would impact community functions and government services. Critical infrastructure most at risk in Rolling Hills to minor flooding impacts and landslides from increased storms would be access roads, bridle trails, electrical utility lines, and water systems. Because Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are critical for access to and evacuation from the city, any damage or closure can effectively isolate areas of the city, potentially creating severe health and safety risks. Bridle trails are predominantly located in canyon areas, which would be more susceptible to flooding and landslides. Landslides could impact utilities, as seen in the existing Flying Triangle Landslide area, which has moved utility lines above ground in certain areas due to the continuous movement of the earth in this area. Due to the limited accessibility of the city, there is a medium potential for impacts to access roads and bridle trails and a low potential impact for the remaining vulnerable infrastructure. Services Energy delivery, specifically electricity delivery, could be impacted from increased wildfires. Direct impacts to Southern California Edison electricity transmission infrastructure could impact power in the city. In addition, utility companies have begun shutting off power to areas to avoid wildfires during times when weather creates high wildfire risk. Public safety services could be strained during wildfire events, which are expected to increase. Overall, climate change impacts from wildfire are projected to have the greatest potential impact to the city. 649 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 24 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Hazard Mitigation Goal 1 Minimization of Loss of Life, Injury, and Property Damage Resulting from Geologic Hazards Policy 1.1 Ensure that existing structures throughout the City meet seismic safety standards and that new facilities are developed to updated standards. Implementation Measure 1.1.1: The City will work with Los Angeles County Building and Safety Department and other agencies to ensuring that all proposed structures in the city meet current seismic safety code requirements. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building and Safety Department Funding: General Fund and permit fees Policy 1.2 Support earthquake strengthening and provision of alternative or backup services, such as water, sewer, electricity, and natural gas pipelines and connections, especially in areas of high seismic or geologic high hazard or where weak segments are identified by existing or future studies. Implementation Measure 1.2.1: Require future development in active fault areas to provide geotechnical studies indicating the location of the fault trace relative to proposed improvements and identify appropriate mitigation. The City will evaluate the seismic risk to existing infrastructure in these areas and where appropriate, examine the feasibility of mitigating the risk over time. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building and Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Policy 1.3 Enforce seismic design provisions from the California Building Code into all development and ensure adequate review and inspection. Implementation Measure 1.3.1: The City will work with Los Angeles County Building and Safety Department and other agencies to ensuring that all proposed structures in the city meet current seismic safety code requirements. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building and Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Implementation Measure 1.3.2: Require fault investigations along traces of the Palos Verdes and Cabrillo faults to comply with guidelines implemented by the Alquist-Priolo Special Studies Zone Act. Buildings for human occupancy should be set back a minimum of 50 feet from those faults that are shown to be active or from fault traces where the risk cannot be determined. 650 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 25 Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building and Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Policy 1.4 Require review by a structural engineer when a critical building or facility undergoes substantial improvements. Implementation Measure 1.4.1: City staff will review existing ordinances to ensure that the appropriate review requirements are included in them. In addition, the Seismic Safety Ordinance will require a structural engineer to review development proposals in designated Special Studies Zones. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Policy 1.5 Ensure that water supplies are not interrupted by seismic events such as surface rupture, ground shaking or ground failure. Implementation Measure 1.5.1: The City may conduct a seismic vulnerability assessment of current water supply systems to address peak load water supply requirements. If the vulnerability assessment indicates a potential interruption of water supply due to damage from a seismic event, designate emergency sources of water. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 1.6 Discourage development adjacent to earthquake faults and other geological hazards. Implementation Measure 1.6.1: All development will comply with the Seismic Hazards Overlay Zone. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Policy 1.7 Continue to require preliminary investigations of tract sites by State-registered geotechnical engineers and certified engineering geologists (Chapter 70 County Building Code) and ensure regular inspection of grading operations. Implementation Measure 1.7.1: The City will continue to enforce the Building Code and Safety regulations. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund 651 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 26 Goal 2 Minimization of Loss of Life, Injury, and Property Damage Due to Flood Hazards Policy 2.1 Maintain storm drains to prevent local flooding and debris flows, and encourage residents to assist in maintaining those drains that are the responsibility of the homeowner. Implementation Measure 2.1.1: The City will cooperate with the Los Angeles County Public Works Department to maintain storm drains in the City. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 2.1.2: The City will encourage homeowner maintenance of storm drains by developing educational materials to be added to the City website and included in the City’s newsletter. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 2.2 Avoid construction in canyon bottoms and participate in the National Flood Insurance Program. Require new development or expansion of existing development adjacent to canyons to assess potential environmental impacts from increased run-off and erosion and evaluate appropriate mitigation. Mitigation measures should address projected impacts from climate change. Implementation Measure 2.2.1: The City will evaluate the flood hazard potential and address climate change impacts in future environmental review. The City will ensure that development in areas designated as a Flood Hazard Overlay Zone mitigates potential flood impacts. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund and private developers Implementation Measure 2.2.2: The City will require the submission of soil engineering reports for land development permits when soil erosion problems are suspected. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund and private developers 652 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 27 Goal 3 Minimization of Loss of Life, Injury, and Property Damage Resulting from Fire Hazards Policy 3.1 Develop stringent initial site design and on-going maintenance standards incorporating adequate mitigation measures into individual developments to achieve an acceptable level of risk, considering the increased risk associated with increased wildland fire hazards due to climate change. Implementation Measure 3.1.1: The City will work with the Los Angeles County Fire Department, Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department, and Rolling Hills Community Association to review current standards for wildfire prevention and improve standards and/or regulations where required. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.1.2: The City will implement recommended fire mitigation strategies from the Community Wildfire Protection Plan including infrastructure hardening and vegetation management for and around existing and new development. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department/Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 3.2 Reduce potential fire ignition sources. Implementation Measure 3.2.1: The City will continue to implement the utility undergrounding projects described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.2.2: Designate and publicize emergency access routes with the city and sub region. Prioritize undergrounding of utilities to enhance reliability of emergency access routes and minimize conflagration hazards from fallen power lines. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 3.3 Develop and implement a comprehensive retrofit strategy for existing structures. Implementation Measure 3.3.1: The City will develop and implement a comprehensive retrofit strategy for existing structures and lifeline utilities in very high fire risk areas to increase public safety and reduce the risk of property loss and damage during wildfires. 653 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 28 Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.3.2: Enforce existing ordinances and regulations that apply to roofing materials. The City will enforce a Class A Roofing Ordinance for all structure, as described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. The City will require old roofs to be removed prior to reroofing to increase the fire-resistance of the structure. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department/Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 3.4 Ensure that all new residential development has at least two emergency evacuations. Implementation Measure 3.4.1: The City will review and update emergency response and evacuation plans and procedures annually to reflect current conditions and community needs. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.4.2: Create secondary access in communities with single access. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 3.4.3: Identify special populations and large animals, especially horses, that may need assistance to evacuate. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 3.5 Whenever feasible, locate the following outside flood and fire hazard zones: health care facilities, emergency shelters, fire stations, emergency command centers, and emergency communications facilities. Implementation Measure 3.5.1: The City will require review of new essential facilities and, as necessary, development of measures to avoid flood and fire hazard impacts. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund and private developers 654 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 29 Policy 3.6 Educate residents on fire hazard reduction strategies to employ on their properties, focusing on the most vulnerable populations such as older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions. Implementation Measure 3.6.1: The City will promote vegetation management strategies outlined in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan (i.e., fuel management in canyons and fire fuel management standards for individual properties) in the City's quarterly newsletter, through the website, brochures, videos, and block captain meetings. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 3.7 Work with the County to ensure that all fire equipment remains operable and adequate to respond to a major disaster. Implementation Measure 3.7.1: City staff will monitor the City's fire protection rating and cooperate with the Fire Department in the correction of deficiencies. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 3.8 Require new development to meet or exceed hardening requirements in the most current version of the California Building Codes and California Fire Code. Policy 3.9 Evaluate evacuation route capacity, safety, and viability under a range of emergency scenarios as part of the next update to the Rolling Hills Hazard Mitigation Plan, in accordance with AB 747. Policy 3.10 Update the City's development standards to be in conformance with title 14, CCR, division 1.5, chapter 7, subchapter 2, articles 1-5 (commencing with section 1270) (SRA Fire Safe Regulations) and title 14, CCR, division 1.5, chapter 7, subchapter 3, article 3 (commencing with section 1299.01) (Fire Hazard Reduction Around Buildings and Structures Regulations). Policy 3.11 Minimize risks to existing development by identifying existing non-conforming development to contemporary fire safe standards, in terms of road standards and vegetative hazard, and requiring all development to meet or exceed CCR, division 1.5, chapter 7, subchapter 2, articles 1-5 requirements (SRA Fire Safe Regulations). Policy 3.12 Require fire protection plans for all new development. Policy 3.13 Require all properties in the city to enforce precautionary measures to create defensible space including, but not limited to, maintaining a fire break by removing brush and flammable vegetation located within 30 feet of the property, maintaining any tree adjacent to or overhanging any building free of dead or dying wood, and maintaining roofs free of leaves, needles, or other dead vegetation growth, as described in the Rolling Hills Hazard Mitigation Plan. 655 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 30 Policy 3.14 Evaluate the City’s capacity to adequately suppress wildfire, taking into account water supply availability, as part of the next Rolling Hills Hazard Mitigation Plan update. Policy 3.15 Coordinate with Palos Verdes Water District to support the provision of adequate water availability throughout the City and provision of adequate water storage to meet future peak fire demand during times of peak domestic demands. Policy 3.16 Maintain emergency roadways and improve them as necessary and appropriate to ensure ongoing serviceability. Policy 3.17 Establish and maintain community fire breaks and fuel modification/reduction zones, including public and private road clearance. Policy 3.18 Require that all homes have visible street addressing and signage. Goal 4 Minimization of Impacts to Life and Property Associated with the Use, Storage, or Transport of Hazardous Materials Policy 4.1 Restrict the travel of vehicles carrying hazardous material through the city. Implementation Measure 4.1.1: The City will ensure the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department enforce licensing and current laws regarding the transport of hazardous materials through the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 4.2 Work to promote the safe use and disposal of household hazardous wastes. Implementation Measure 4.2.1: The City will work with agencies responsible for the disposal of household hazardous wastes. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund 656 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 31 Community Communication Goal 5 Protection of the Community from Disasters and Emergencies Policy 5.1 Designate and develop specific critical facilities as emergency centers to serve the entire City and work with other cities to maintain existing trauma care facilities that serve the region. Implementation Measure 5.1.1: The City will meet with other communities in the region to discuss the loss of trauma care centers in the region. The City will examine the feasibility of establishing the development of a critical/trauma care unit at one of the local clinics or hospitals in the region. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.2 Cooperate with the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department to ensure that law enforcement services are ready and available to serve the city in the event of a major disaster. Implementation Measure 5.2.1: City staff will monitor the City's contract and budget with the Sheriff’s Department to ensure that adequate service levels are maintained. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.3 Develop and coordinate medical assistance procedures in the event of a major disaster. Implementation Measure 5.3.1: City staff will develop and update the Emergency Operations Plan, which will be distributed to the community. The update of the Emergency Operations Plan will include an assessment of current emergency service and projected emergency service needs, and goals or standards for emergency services training for City staff and volunteers. Timing: Ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.4 Inventory and, where necessary, acquire supplemental disaster communication equipment and other equipment, tools, and supplies used by Block Captains during an emergency. Implementation Measure 5.4.1: City staff will complete an inventory of infrastructure needed to support emergency communications and equipment needed for use by Block Captains and the City to communicate during emergencies, as described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager 657 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 32 Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.4.2: A survey will be done by the City periodically to establish an inventory of equipment which could be used in the event of a major disaster. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.5 Ensure that adequate provisions are made to supply drinking water for extended periods of time in the event of a major disaster. Implementation Measure 5.5.1: City staff will inventory sources of potable water that could be used in the event of an emergency and the means to distribute that water to residents and others in the Planning Area. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 5.6 Develop procedures to follow in the event of wildfire, flooding, erosion, and possible reservoir failure and investigate ways of reducing the likelihood of their occurrence. Implementation Measure 5.6.1: The City will update the Hazard Mitigation Plan every five years to reduce the risk from hazards by identifying resources, information, and strategies for risk reduction, while helping to guide and coordinate mitigation activities throughout the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.6.2: City staff will develop and maintain an Emergency Operations Plan, which will set forth an operating strategy for managing potential emergencies (as described in the Hazard Mitigation Plan) Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.7 Ensure that City Hall maintains a current emergency supply of water, food, blankets, and first aid to provide for all employees for a 3-day period. Implementation Measure 5.7.1: A City staff person will be assigned the task of compiling a list of supplies and maintaining an adequate stockpile. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.8 Encourage private businesses to develop disaster preparedness plans for their employees. 658 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 33 Implementation Measure 5.8.1: The City will prepare and distribute a brochure outlining recommendations for stockpiling supplies for employees. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.9 Encourage residents to attend periodic training programs on wildfire mitigation and disaster planning, and to develop disaster preparedness and evacuation plans. Implementation Measure 5.9.1: The City will work with the RHCA and Block Captains to launch a communication and education program that will include a workshop on How to Develop an Evacuation Plan for your Family, as described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.9.2: The City will work with the RHCA and Block Captains to promote training programs on wildfire mitigation and disaster planning through the newsletter and the City website. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.10 Support the development and further implementation of a peninsula-wide disaster plan. Implementation Measure 5.10.1: The City will coordinate its disaster planning efforts with neighboring jurisdictions in the region as part of Hazard Mitigation Plan updates Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.11 Increase public awareness of City emergency response plans, evacuation routes and shelters, and in ways to reduce risks at the home and office, focusing on the most vulnerable populations such as older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions. Implementation Measure 5.11.1: The City will prepare communication materials outlining procedures to follow in the event of a major disaster. These materials will be distributed to every household and business in the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.11.2: The City will maintain the City-wide Neighborhood Watch program. 659 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 34 Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.11.3: The City will define refuge areas in the event of a wildfire event to include in the Emergency Operations Plan. This effort will be led by the Fire Department and the Sherriff’s Department. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.11.4: The City will distribute educational materials for large animal evacuation, consistent with Community Wildfire Protection Plan recommendations. This will include adding the information to the City website and including it in the City’s newsletter during the fire season. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.11.5: The City will work with Block Captains to provide emergency education and information through the City’s newsletter and website and by providing workshops and seminars described in the Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.12 Maintain a Hazard Mitigation Plan. Implementation Measure 5.12.1: The City will coordinate with the American Red Cross and Los Angeles County Fire, Sheriff, and Public Social Services to develop specific plans for responding to emergencies as part of Hazard Mitigation Plan updates. The City will submit copies of its Hazard Mitigation Plan to the Los Angeles County Fire and Sheriff’s Departments for review. The City will review similar plans prepared by neighboring cities. Timing: Every five years Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund 660 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 35 Policy 5.13 Ensure maximum accessibility throughout the city in the event of a disaster. Implementation Measure 5.13.1: The City will ensure that multipurpose trails are maintained in order to be serviceable by emergency vehicles in the event of a disaster. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.14 Ensure the reliability of essential facilities such as communications towers, electrical substations, water services, and first-response buildings in the event of an emergency through promoting grid resilience and energy independence. Work to implement on-site power generation through solar photovoltaic systems and battery storage. Implementation Measure 5.14.1: The City will work with telecommunication providers to identify opportunities to improve reliability of cell service throughout the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.14.2: The City will work with electricity and natural gas providers to identify opportunities to promote grid resilience. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.14.3: The City will seek funding to enhance telecommunication service. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.14.4: The City will provide educational materials to residents (i.e., newsletter, webpage, brochure) to promote solar panels and battery storage installation on existing development. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.15 Minimize the risk of spread of infectious diseases and associated economic disruption. Implementation Measure 5.15.1: The City will coordinate with the County of Los Angeles Public Health Department to provide testing and contact tracing resources to the Rolling Hills community. Timing: Immediate and ongoing 661 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 36 Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.15.2: The City will maintain up-to-date public health services on the City’s website. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.15.3: The City will explore the need for additional marketing campaigns to promote public safety protocol among City departments. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measures 5.15.4: The City will partner with local non- governmental organizations (NGOs) to provide additional support and services in the city. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measures 5.15.5: The City will partner with community groups and neighborhood organizations to advertise what resources are available to residents. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund 662 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 37 Policy 5.16 Increase access to essential resources and facilitate effective communication in the community to accelerate recovery following such a disaster. Implementation Measure 5.16.1: The City will connect the newly unemployed with talent-seeking industries, such as through a job portal. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 5.16.2: The City will supplement federal relief efforts, such as creating a resilience fund for residents to assist those in need. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.17 Provide City officials with a basis for disaster preparedness decision making and establish a public education program for disaster preparedness. Implementation Measure 5.17.1: The Emergency Services Coordinator will conduct annual meetings with City personnel to ensure they are familiar with procedures outlined in the Hazard Mitigation Plan and Emergency Operations Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.18 Establish a line of command to ensure that the decision-making process will function satisfactorily in the event of a major disaster. Implementation Measure 5.18.1: The City will implement the Hazard Mitigation Plan. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.19 Coordinate with citizen groups, such as Block Captains, and organizations to establish a viable body to provide emergency assistance in the event of a natural disaster. Implementation Measure 5.19.1: The City Emergency Services Coordinator will work with local equestrian groups and other organizations to establish a Rolling Hills Search and Rescue Team. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund 663 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 38 Policy 5.20 Encourage cooperation among adjacent communities to provide back-up law enforcement assistance in emergency situations. Implementation Measure 5.20.1: The City will submit copies of its Hazard Mitigation Plan updates to the Los Angeles County Fire and Sheriff’s Departments for review. The City will review similar plans prepared by neighboring cities. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 5.21 Incorporate health threats into early warning systems. Implementation Measures 5.21.1: Partner with the Los Angeles County Vector Control District and the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health to develop and enhance disaster and emergency early warning systems to incorporate objective data and information for potential health threats such as heat-illness, illnesses complicated by low air quality, precipitation events, and vector borne diseases due to climate change hazards. Goal 6 Maintenance of Public Safety for All Residents Policy 6.1 Work with, and support the Sheriff’s Department in crime prevention and law enforcement efforts, to make sure there are adequate resources to meet the needs of the community. Implementation Measure 6.1.1: The City will conduct an annual review of its contract with the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department to ensure current service standards are maintained. Alternatives will be considered if service levels are considered inadequate. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 6.2 Cooperate with neighboring cities, Los Angeles County, California State and U.S. Federal agencies in crime prevention and law enforcement. Implementation Measure 6.2.1: The City will continue to regularly coordinate with all law enforcement agencies in combating crime. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund Policy 6.3 Evaluate the incidence of crime and develop measures needed to deter crime or apprehend the criminals. Implementation Measure 6.3.1: The City will monitor crime statistics for the peninsula and the city. The City will meet with Los Angeles County on a regular basis to discuss programs, ordinances, and other measures that will be effective in combating crime. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: City Manager Funding: General Fund 664 Goals, Policies, and Implementation Safety Element 39 Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience Goal 7 Protection of the Community from the Effects of Climate Change Policy 7.1 The City will continue to enforce updated State-mandated water conservation regulations. Implementation Measure 7.1.1: The City will continue to update the City’s zoning ordinance as necessary to enforce and implement State-mandated water conservation regulations. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.2 Prepare for and adapt to the effects of climate change by considering climate change vulnerability in planning decisions, including those involving new public facilities and private development. Implementation Measure 7.2.1: The City will: a. Re-evaluate the City’s Climate Change Vulnerability analysis over time, as new data becomes available b. Update mitigation strategies and the City’s vulnerability and adaptive capacity, as appropriate c. Identify opportunities for new goals and policies related to climate change using the best available data. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.3 Amend the local building code to account for climate change stressors. Implementation Measure 7.3.1: The City will amend the local building code to take into account additional stressors on buildings including, increased storm events and intensity, flood proofing for intermittent inundation, slope/soils, subsidence risk and erosion potential in securing foundations, building materials to reduce the impacts of high heat days, and fireproofing in preparation for increasing fire risk. Timing: Immediate Agency: Planning Department and LA County Building & Safety Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.4 The City will engage surrounding jurisdictions in climate adaptation planning. Implementation Measure 7.4.1: Ensure the community’s engagement strategy for climate adaptation planning includes surrounding jurisdictions to identify synergies and harmonization of policies. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund 665 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 40 Policy 7.5 Partner with the South Bay Cities Council of Government to implement climate adaptation strategies at the sub-regional level. Implementation Measure 7.5.1: Collaborate with the South Bay Cities Council of Governments Senior Services Working Group to ensure that service providers in and around Rolling Hills are educated on the climate risks of the area and steps they can take to better serve and protect vulnerable groups in Rolling Hills. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Implementation Measure 7.5.2: Implement climate adaptation strategies that can address issues at a local and sub-regional level and issues in which coordination and pooling of resources (i.e., emergency centers, transit agency support in an emergency, and large animal evacuation centers) is a benefit to all participating communities. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.6 Update emergency/disaster response measures to account for increased heat days. Implementation Measure 7.6.1: As part of the Hazard Mitigation Plan and Emergency Operations Plan, update response measures to account for an increased number of heat days and their impacts on current and future response mechanisms such as warning systems, emergency response and medical service coordination, and shelters. Timing: Every five years Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.7 Provide education on heat related illness. Implementation Measure 7.7.1: Incorporate links and references on the City website and incorporate interpretive signage at multi-use path trailheads providing education on heat related illness and personal care steps. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund Policy 7.8 Require air conditioning alternatives. Implementation Measure 7.8.1: Require alternatives to air conditioning such as ceiling fans, air exchangers, increased insulation and low-solar-gain exterior materials to reduce peak electrical demands during high heat events to ensure reliability of the electrical grid. Timing: Immediate and ongoing Agency: Planning Department Funding: General Fund 666 References Safety Element 41 References California Department of Toxic Substances and Control (DTSC). 2020. EnviroStor. https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/?myaddress=rolling+hills%2C+ca. Accessed August 2020. Center for Disease Control (CDC). 2017a. Heat and Older Adults. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/older-adults-heat.html. Accessed September 2020. ____. 2017b. Heat and People with Chronic Medical Conditions. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/medical.html. Accessed September 2020. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2008. Flood Insurance Rate Map 06037C1940F. Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department (LACSD). 2021. Altadena Station Part I Crimes. https://lasd.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Transparency_Crime_Arrest_Patrol- CurrentMonth-YTD_2019v2020.pdf. Accessed December 2021. ____. 2019. Hazard Mitigation Plan. January 16, 2019. ____. 2020. Community Wildfire Protection Plan. July 2020. Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC). 2013. Hazards and Threats Earthquakes List of Major Active Surface Faults in Southern California. March. U.S. Census Bureau. 2018. Rolling Hills, City 2018 ACS 5-Year Estimates. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Rolling%20Hills%20city,%20California&g=1600000U S0662602&tid=ACSDP5Y2018.DP05&hidePreview=false. Western Region Climate Center (WRCC). 2016. Period of Record Monthly Climate Summary. https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca8973. Accessed August 2020. 667 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan 42 This page intentionally left blank. 668 Appendix A Existing Conditions Report 669 Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element Existing Conditions Report prepared by City of Rolling Hills Planning and Community Services 2 Portuguese Bend Road Rolling Hills, California 90274 prepared with the assistance of Rincon Consultants, Inc. 706 South Hill Street, Suite 1200 Los Angeles, California 90014 October 2020 670 Table of Contents Existing Conditions Report i Table of Contents Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 1 Key Findings .................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 2 Hazards of Concern................................................................................................................................. 6 Geologic Hazards ............................................................................................................................ 6 Flooding .......................................................................................................................................... 9 Wildland and Urban Fires .............................................................................................................12 Hazardous Materials .....................................................................................................................16 Emergency Response and Evacuation ..........................................................................................16 Climate Change Vulnerability ...............................................................................................................19 Exposure .......................................................................................................................................20 Community Sensitivity ..................................................................................................................24 Potential Impacts ..........................................................................................................................26 Adaptive Capacity .........................................................................................................................31 Vulnerability Scoring .....................................................................................................................32 Summary of Issues and Opportunities .................................................................................................36 Hazards of Concern and Community Sensitivity ..........................................................................36 Opportunities ...............................................................................................................................36 References ............................................................................................................................................38 Tables Table 1 Rolling Hills Climate Summary ............................................................................................ 2 Table 2 Rolling Hills Demographic Characteristics ........................................................................... 3 Table 3 Faults Located within 50 Miles of Rolling Hills .................................................................... 8 Table 4 Changes in Annual Average Precipitation .........................................................................23 Table 5 Rolling Hills Existing Adaptive Capacity.............................................................................31 Table 6 Vulnerability Score Matrix ................................................................................................33 Table 7 Vulnerability Assessment Results .....................................................................................34 Figures Figure 1 Critical Facilities Map .......................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2 Landslide Hazard Zones ...................................................................................................... 7 Figure 3 Faults in the Vicinity of Rolling Hills ..................................................................................10 Figure 4 Rolling Hills Liquefaction Hazard Areas .............................................................................11 Figure 5 Dam Inundation Areas ......................................................................................................14 Figure 6 Fire Hazard Zones ..............................................................................................................15 671 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element ii Figure 7 Existing Evacuation Routes ...............................................................................................18 Figure 8 Historical and Projected Annual Average Maximum Temperature in Rolling Hills ..........21 Figure 9 Number of Extreme Heat Days by Year in Rolling Hills .....................................................22 Figure 10 Changes in Intensity of Extreme Precipitation Events in Rolling Hills...............................24 672 Summary Existing Conditions Report 1 Summary Key Findings  The city is most at risks to impacts from wildfire, extreme heat, and landslide events, which are all anticipated to increase as a result of climate change impacts. Vulnerable populations such as older adults and residents with chronic health conditions are most at risk to extreme heat and wildfire impacts. Access roads and residential structures are also the most vulnerable to wildfire and landslide impacts from climate change.  The city has a moderate risk for shaking potential from earthquakes.  Flood risks in the city are minimal and limited to natural drainage areas in the canyons.  Vegetation clearing along roadways is a concern and major goal for improving fire response and evacuation in the city.  Evacuation strategies and education are important to reduce risk from hazards due to the lack of evacuation routes in the city and the remote development on private roads. The need to further analyze evacuation routes and access is one of the most recent changes in Safety Element requirements. A key opportunity for the Safety Element update is to address specific evacuation needs.  The City has recently adopted a number of planning documents such as the Hazard Mitigation Plan and Community Wildfire Protection Plan, which seek to reduce the risk of hazards in the city. An opportunity for the Safety Element update would be to utilize existing recommendations from the Community Wildfire Protection Plan as implementation tools for the Safety Element. 673 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 2 Introduction Section 65302(g) of the California Government Code requires that the General Plan include a Safety Element for the protection of the community from any unreasonable risks associated with the effects of seismically induced surface rupture, ground shaking, ground failure, tsunami, seiche, and dam failure; slope instability leading to mudslides and landslides; subsidence and other geologic hazards; flooding, wildland and urban fire, and climate change adaptation and resilience. In addition, Safety Elements are required to address non-hazard specific issues such as peak load water supply, evacuation routes, and military installations. This Existing Conditions Report is a comprehensive assessment of natural and man-made hazards for the City of Rolling Hills. The report serves as the foundation for the Safety Element and includes detailed Geographic Information System (GIS) hazard mapping and analyses. The following City plans were also utilized for this report along with existing local data from governmental agencies and scientific research: Hazard Mitigation Plan, Community Wildfire Protection Plan, and the existing Safety Element. Setting Rolling Hills covers an area of approximately three square-miles on the Palos Verdes peninsula, approximately 18 miles south of downtown Los Angeles. The topography of the city and peninsula area is unique in that it rises above the Los Angeles Basin with rolling hills, steep slopes, and canyons. The city itself is located in the San Pedro Hills. Due to its location near the coast, the area is cooler and has fewer air quality concerns compared to the nearby Los Angeles Basin. Table 1 summarizes the climatology of the area. Table 1 Rolling Hills Climate Summary Climate Character Estimate Annual Average Observed Maximum Temperature from 1961 - 1990 (Fahrenheit) 71 Annual Average Observed Minimum Temperature from 1961 – 1990 (Fahrenheit) 50 Annual Average Observed Precipitation from 1961 – 1990 (inches) 19 Source: Cal-Adapt 2021 Rolling Hills is a residential community that consists of large parcels and ranch-style homes and has a sizable older adult 1 population of about 513 (28% of the city’s total population). The city is also an equestrian community, as many of residents are horse owners or have horses on their property. Important community demographic data for Rolling Hills is included in Table 2. 1 An older adult is any adult over the age of 65 years old. 674 Introduction Existing Conditions Report 3 Table 2 Rolling Hills Demographic Characteristics Demographic Characteristics Estimate General Total Population 1,8601 Population under 10 years 7 percent Population over 65 years 28 percent1 Race 77 percent White, 18 percent Asian, 5 percent Hispanic/Latino Disability (hearing, vision, cognitive, ambulatory) 12 percent Housing Total Households 6451 Average Household Size 2.76 Owner-occupied Households 96 percent Population over 65 years living alone 15 percent of those over 65 years Employment Unemployment Rate 6 percent Poverty Rate 2 percent Median Income $ 239,000 Insurance Coverage 97 percent Source: U.S. Census 2018 1Information obtained from the Community Wildfire Protection Plan, which is includes more recent data than the U.S Census Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Critical facilities are places that provide emergency services or serve people who would be impacted by an emergency. Examples include hospitals, fire stations, police stations, emergency services facilities, utility facilities, and communication facilities. Critical facilities can also include the transportation system and schools. Due to the size and composition of Rolling Hills, most of the critical facilities that serve the city are located outside of City limits. Critical facilities that serve the city are shown in Figure 1 and include: Rolling Hills City Hall: 2 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA Rolling Hills Community Association: 1 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills, CA Rancho Del Mar High School: 38 Crest Road West, Rolling Hills, CA Storm Hill Park: Agua Magna Canyon, Rolling Hills Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Lomita Station: 26123 Narbonne Avenue, Lomita, CA Los Angeles County Fire Station No. 56: 12 Crest Road West, Rolling Hills, CA Los Angeles County Communications Tower: 5741 Crestridge Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: Crestridge Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: Tarragon Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 675 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 4 Southern California Edison Electrical Substation: 27873 Hawthorn Boulevard, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: Palos Verdes Drive North/Palos Verdes Drive East (SW corner), Rolling Hills Estates, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 3960 East Crest Road, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: Via Canada, Rancho Palos Verdes, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 1 Spur Lane, Rolling Hills, CA California Water Service Reservoir: 60 Eastfield Drive, Rolling Hills, CA Portuguese Bend Road Crest Road 676 Introduction Existing Conditions Report 5 Figure 1 Critical Facilities Map 677 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 6 Hazards of Concern Geologic Hazards Geologic processes that pose a threat to life, health, property, or infrastructure are considered geologic hazards. Natural geologic hazards that have the potential to affect Rolling Hills include seismic hazards, landslides, liquefaction, expansive soils, and weathering. In most cases, these natural processes cannot be prevented; however, the magnitude of destruction resulting from natural geologic hazards can be reduced through planning policies and measures. Landslide Hazards Landslide activity refers to a wide range of gravity driven downslope earth movement, including rockslides, rotational slips, mudslides, and shallow debris flows. Geological and geomorphological conditions such as soil type, soil strength, slope angle, and slope height predispose slopes to failure. Other factors affecting the susceptibility to slope failure include the amount of precipitation, vegetation on the slope, groundwater seepage, and human modifications to the slope. Landslides often result in damage to property and roadways and can cause them to become unsafe due to displacement of the subsurface. A majority of the existing development in Rolling Hills is located on hilly terrain and have a greater potential to experience landslide hazards. Many of the canyons in Rolling Hills exhibit steep slopes with little vegetation coverage, leaving them susceptible to slope failure. Figure 2 shows the landslide zones within the City of Rolling Hills, as mapped by the California Geological Survey. Landslide activity has been well documented in the region. Relicts of landslides and rockslides are present throughout the City of Rolling Hills. The following major landslides have occurred within and adjacent to the city. All are within the landslide hazards areas identified in Figure 2:  Portuguese Bend Landslide: Beginning in 2 1956 over approximately 270 acres in Rancho Palos Verdes  Abalone Cove Landslide: Beginning in 1974 over 80 acres in Rancho Palos Verdes  Klondike Canyon Landslide: Beginning in 1979 over to the south near the coastline  Flying Triangle Landslide: Beginning in 1970s or 1980s over approximately 70 acres in the south area of the city The Flying Triangle Landslide continues to impact the southeast portion of the city through impacts to private roads and requiring above-ground utility lines. This area is relatively unsuitable for development due to the ongoing changes in topography. Seismic Hazards Rolling Hills is located in a seismically active region of southern California. The last major earthquake in the Los Angeles area was the 5.1 magnitude La Habra earthquake in 2014. Rolling Hills is located within 50 miles of the Whittier fault, Newport-Inglewood fault, Palos Verdes fault, Malibu Coast 2 “Beginning in” is defined as the first noted event of major rock movement 678 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 7 Figure 2 Landslide Hazard Zones 679 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 8 fault, Cabrillo fault, Santa Monica fault, and Redondo Canyon fault. Analysis of seismic data from the region indicates that the Whittier and Newport-Inglewood faults may generate a maximum credible earthquake of magnitude 7.2 and 7.4, respectively (Southern California Earthquake Center 2013). Figure 3 shows the faults in the vicinity of Rolling Hills. Typically, seismic shaking and fault rupture are primary hazards as they occur as a direct result of the interaction between the seismic wave energy and the earth’s surface. Secondary hazards, such as liquefaction and earthquake-induced landslides, occur as a result of the primary earthquake hazards. Often, earthquake activity can result in other effects such as building damage/collapse, infrastructure failure, pipeline breakage, and damage to transportation and communication facilities. The size of the earthquake and distance from the fault rupture zone typically determine the severity of these events. Seismic Shaking Seismic shaking, or ground shaking, refers to the movement of the earth’s surface resulting from the energy release by an earthquake. Seismic shaking is typically the primary cause of property damage resulting from earthquake activity. Seismic shaking has the ability to destroy buildings, roadways, powerlines, and pipelines. Energy transmitted through the ground has the potential to travel hundreds of miles and may cause damage in many locations simultaneously. Closer proximity to the fault rupture area results in stronger shaking in that location. The amount of ground shaking that occurs in a location is dependent on the magnitude of the earthquake, the distance from the epicenter, and local soil conditions. The intensity of ground shaking is related to the peak ground velocity during an earthquake. According to the CGS Map Sheet 48, the earthquake shaking potential for Rolling Hills is moderate. The intensity of seismic shaking is measured using the Modified Mercalli scale. According to the California Geologic Survey, an active fault is one that has experienced surface movement in the past 11,000 years. The city is located near a number of active faults, including the Cabrillo Fault within city limits. Table 3 includes a list of nearby faults, their respective distance from the city, the maximum credible earthquake generated from each fault, and the likelihood of earthquake occurrence in each case. Table 3 Faults Located within 50 Miles of Rolling Hills Fault Name Approximate Distance from Rolling Hills Whittier 25 miles east Newport-Inglewood 9 miles east Palos Verdes <1 mile north Malibu Coast 20 miles northwest Cabrillo Located within the City boundaries in the southwest Santa Monica 20 miles north-northwest The San Andreas fault is located approximately 80 miles to the east of Rolling Hills. Although the San Andreas fault is located at a greater distance from the city, seismic shaking originating from earthquakes occurring along the San Andreas fault poses a threat to the city. Figure 3 identifies the active and inactive faults located within the city and vicinity. 680 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 9 Fault Rupture Fault Rupture occurs when seismic movement on a fault breaks through the earth’s surface. Hazards related to fault rupture arise when structures are built near or on top of an active fault. While there are a number of seismically active faults in the city and region, there are no active faults with the potential for ground rupture, defined by the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act and delineated by CGS. Figure 3 shows the designated Alquist-Priolo study zones, the closest of which is the Newport-Inglewood Fault approximately nine miles northeast of the city. Liquefaction and Settlement Liquefaction is a ground failure phenomenon that occurs as a result of a seismic event. Liquefaction increases water content in surface soils until the soil reaches a semi-liquid state, contributing to a reduction in support, and ultimately resulting in shifting or subsidence of buildings and utilities. Ground failure typically occurs when the following conditions exist:  Loose, unconsolidated granular soils  Shallow groundwater  Strong seismic ground shaking While the Rolling Hills has moderate to high seismic shaking potential, the subsurface soils generally lack saturated alluvial deposits and thick, granular soils. Figure 4 shows the liquefaction hazard areas, which are located in the low-lying areas to the east and north, generally surrounding the Los Angeles Harbor and Harbor Lake. Liquefaction potential for Rolling Hills is low, as shown in Figure 4. Earthquake Induced Landslides Ground failure or destabilization of slopes resulting from an earthquake can also occur following seismic activity in the form of Earthquake-Induced Landslides. Earthquake-induced landslides typically occur in areas with steep slopes or unstable soil conditions. As discussed above under Landslide Hazards, the risk of landslide activity in Rolling Hills is high. Much of the city overlies areas that have been identified as landslide zones by the California Geological Survey. Risk of landslide activity increases following rainfall events that result in saturated soils. Both shallow and deep seeded landslides have historically occurred in the city. Flooding Rolling Hills participates in the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) National Flood Insurance Program. According to the FEMA flood maps, the city is not located in a flood hazard area and currently has a less than 0.2 percent annual chance to be inundated by flood waters as a result of a storm event (FEMA 2008). Overall, the city is not in any immediate risk from flooding caused by overflowing water bodies or heavy rains. However, runoff and minor flooding pose a risk if drainage systems fail along canyon bottoms, where natural drainage leads to. 681 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 10 Figure 3 Faults in the Vicinity of Rolling Hills 682 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 11 Figure 4 Rolling Hills Liquefaction Hazard Areas 683 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 12 Dam Inundation No water storage facilities that the State of California identifies as dams are located in Rolling Hills. Just outside city limits are three water storage facilities identified as dams, which include:  Palos Verdes Reservoir: Owned by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California and located at the southeast corner of Palos Verdes Drive East and Palos Verdes Drive North. According to the California Department of Water Resources, the reservoir can hold approximately 1,100 gallons of water and has an extremely high downstream hazard.  10 MG Walteria and 18 MG Walteria: Two reinforced concrete tanks which are owned by the City of Torrance and located at Crenshaw Boulevard and Crest Road. The tanks can hold 31 and 58 acre-feet (AF) of water respectively. Senate Bill 92, adopted in 2017, is a new dam safety requirement that requires dam owners to map the downstream inundation areas for dams governed by the Department of Water Resources. Figure 5 shows the inundation areas for the nearby water storage facilities. Due to their locations and the topography of the area, the inundation areas do not enter or affect any portion of the city. Wildland and Urban Fires The entire City of Rolling Hills is designated a Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone (VHFHSZ) by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire), as shown in Figure 6. Rolling Hills terrain is comprised of several large and steep canyons that limit and challenge vegetation management and present conditions where a fire can quickly travels up and downslope to nearby homes. Due to the rural nature and large residential lots, many homes are surrounded by substantial vegetation and dense brush than in more suburban settings. The bridle trails for hikers and equestrian access also contain dense vegetation and management difficulties, which contributes to the fire risk of the city. Electrical power lines pose a hazard to starting fires in the city if lines are not automatically de-energized when knocked down by extreme weather or if the surrounding vegetation is not adequately managed. There is a history of fires in the city and the surrounding Palos Verdes Peninsula. Three major fires have been documented on the Peninsula and in the city in:  1973: almost 1,000 acres burned, and 13 homes destroyed  2005: 212 acres burned near Del Cero Park  2009: 230 acres burned and forced 1,200 residents on the Peninsula to evacuate For many of the developed residences in the city that are vulnerable to fires, their risk may increase with the presence of construction techniques that may not meet current wildfire standards. Rolling Hills Building Code and Los Angeles County Fire Department, under the VHFHSZ standards, require new development to include more stringent design and material standards for roofing, eaves, and rafter tails as well as exterior finishes and fire buffer zones. While compliance with these standards reduces the vulnerability to new structures, existing structures that have not complied with these standards may be susceptible to undue fire risk. Existing Fire Risk Reduction Strategies  Rolling Hills Municipal Code (RHMC) Chapter 8.30: Fire Fuel Abatement  VHRHSZ building requirements 684 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 13  Los Angeles County Fire Department property line and structure vegetation buffer requirements  Rolling Hills Community Wildfire Protection Plan vegetation management standard recommendations  Rolling Hills Community Association 685 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 14 Figure 5 Dam Inundation Areas 686 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 15 Figure 6 Fire Hazard Zones 687 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 16 Hazardous Materials According to the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC), there are no hazardous waste sites or facilities in Rolling Hills (DTSC 2020). The city and surrounding area do not contain heavy industrial uses that would create a hazardous material risk in the event of a spill, release, or natural disaster. The city is not located near any major transit routes involving transport of a substantial quantity of hazardous material through the city. However, the nearby oil refineries (located along Sepulveda Boulevard approximately six miles northeast) and Port operations (located approximately three miles to the east) could create air quality impacts if wind patterns and release events occur. Air quality impacts are discussed in the Open Space and Conservation Element of the Rolling Hills General Plan. Emergency Response and Evacuation Police Response and Crime The Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department is contracted with the city to provide police services and protection to the city. The Lomita Station of the Sheriff’s Department located at 26123 Narbonne Avenue, approximately 1.5 miles northeast of the Portuguese Bend Road entrance, serves the city. According to the Lomita Station crimes report from January 1, 2020, through June 30, 2020, Rolling Hills had three reported crimes (LACSD 2020). The crimes were related to theft, assault, and burglary. Outside the city limits and in the Lomita District, 433 crimes were reported during this same period, 71 of which were violent crimes (LACSD 2020). The difference in crimes in the city and the surrounding area is attributed to the private nature of the City. There are three entrances to the city, all of which are gated and staffed 24 hours a day. Visitors are required to be on a resident’s guest list in order to enter city limits. This reduces crime within the city and demand on Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department. Fire Response The Los Angeles County Fire Department provides emergency operations support to the City. Fire Station 56, located at 12 Crest Road West, serves the city under Battalion 14, which also serves the remaining Palos Verdes Peninsula, Lomita, and Catalina Island. Fire response constraints in the city include ability to access certain homes or areas due to inadequate road widths for fire maneuvering. One of the major topics of concern related to fire response in the city relates to vegetation clearing along roadways. Ten-foot clearance on each side of the roadway, especially the limited access roads, is important for fire response and evacuation during a fire, according to Scott Hale, Assistant Fire Chief. Evacuation Strategies and Routes Because a variety of hazards could affect city residents, it is vital to identify critical routes for evacuation in the event of a major event. Figure 7 identifies the existing evacuation routes in the city, which are limited to:  Main Gate at Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive North 688 Hazards of Concern Existing Conditions Report 17  Crest Gate at Crest Road near Crenshaw Blvd  Eastfield Gate at Eastfield Drive and Palos Verdes Drive East  Crest Road East Gate at the end of Crest Road East Crest Road East Gate at the end of Crest Road East gate has recently been updated with a motor and has no guards. This gate is available as an emergency exit to the city during emergencies. The recently adopted Community Wildfire Protection Plan for the city establishes evacuation strategies and methodologies for the city, which include:  Using the City’s Block Captains as important coordinators and managers of residents in the 24 City zones 3  Communication goals between the City, emergency responders, Rolling Hills Community Association, and residents  Details for residents regarding how people get notified during an actual evacuation and the responsibilities and operations of the Emergency Operations Center  Traffic control responsibilities and levels  Identification of special need residents who may need specific attention and/or assistance 3 The city is divided into 24 zones and each zone has 2-3 block captains to represent the residents within the zone. 689 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 18 Figure 7 Existing Evacuation Routes 690 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 19 Climate Change Vulnerability In accordance with Senate Bill 379, this section provides a climate change vulnerability assessment for Rolling Hills, which evaluates the potential impacts of climate change on community assets and populations. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report defines vulnerability as “the propensity or predisposition to be adversely affected.” It adds that vulnerability “encompasses a variety of concepts and elements including sensitivity or susceptibility to harm and lack of capacity to cope and adapt” (IPCC, 2013). Understanding the vulnerabilities that the city may face due to climate change provides a foundation to define future adaptation strategies for the Safety Element update and other planning efforts in Rolling Hills and the region. Consistent with the California Adaptation Planning Guide (Cal OES 2020) the assessment is comprised of the following five elements:  Exposure – the nature and degree to which the community experiences a stress or hazard;  Sensitivity – the aspects of the community (i.e., people, structures, and functions) most affected by the identified exposures;  Potential Impacts – the nature and degree to which the community is affected by a given stressor, change, or disturbance;  Adaptive Capacity – the ability to cope with extreme events, to make changes, or to transform to a greater extent, including the ability to moderate potential damages and to take advantage of opportunities; and  Vulnerability Scoring – systematic scoring based on potential impacts and adaptive capacity, to inform major climate vulnerabilities to address adaptation framework strategies. In addition to City data, Cal-Adapt was used to complete the assessment. Cal-Adapt is an interactive, online platform developed by the University of California and Berkeley to synthesize climate change projections and climate impact research for California’s scientists and planners. This assessment uses Cal-Adapt to study potential future changes in average and extreme temperatures, precipitation, wildfire, and storms. Cal-Adapt is consistent with State guidance to use the “best available science” for evaluating climate change vulnerability. This assessment uses two greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenarios included in Cal-Adapts analysis: Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5. RCP 4.5 describes a scenario in which GHG emissions peak around 2050, decline over the next 30 years and then stabilize by 2100 while RCP 8.5 is the scenario in which GHG emissions continue to rise through the middle of the century before leveling off around 2100. The climate projections used in this report are from four models selected by California’s Climate Action Team Research Working Group and the California Department of Water Resources. These models include:  A warm/dry simulation (HadGEM2-ES)  A cooler/wetter simulation (CNRM-CM5)  An average simulation (CanESM2) 691 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 20  The model that presents a simulation most unlike these three and incorporates 10 other models, for full representation of possible forecasts (MIROC5)4 The average of the model projections is used in this analysis. Exposure Climate change is a global phenomenon that has the potential to adversely affect local health, natural resources, infrastructure, emergency response, and many other facets of society. Projected changes to climate are dependent on location. According to Cal-Adapt, climate change could lead to increasing temperatures, temperature extremes, and changes in precipitation patterns in Rolling Hills. These conditions could lead to exposure associated with extreme heat, drought, wildfires, and extreme storms in the region. The climate hazards of concern for Rolling Hills addressed in this analysis are:  Extreme Heat  Storms and Extreme Weather  Drought  Wildfire Extreme Heat Figure 8 below shows observed and projected annual average maximum temperature in Rolling Hills. As shown in Figure 8, average temperatures in the city and region have increased, which is a trend at both the local scale and the global scale. Compared to 1990, annual average maximum temperatures in Rolling Hills are expected to rise between 1.8°F and 6.6°F by the end of the century, depending on the GHG emissions scenario (CEC 2020). 4 There were 10 California GCM models that were ranked from 1-10 by California’s Climate Action Team Research Working Group and the California Department of Water Resources for different temperature and precipitation factors. The models ranged from the “warm/dry” model which had all metrics closest to 1 to the “cool/wet” model which had all metrics closest to 10. The MIROC5 displays a pattern of ranking that is most unlike the other 3 models and therefore, is included to represent the full spread of all 10 model simulations. 692 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 21 Figure 8 Historical and Projected Annual Average Maximum Temperature in Rolling Hills 5 Extreme heat is a period when temperatures are abnormally high relative to the normal temperature range. There are generally three types of extreme heat events:  Extreme Heat Days: a day during which the maximum temperature surpasses 98 percent of all historic high temperatures for the area, using the time between April and October from 1950 to 2005 as the baseline  Warm Nights: a day between April to October when the minimum temperature exceeds 98 percent of all historic minimum daytime temperatures observed between 1950 to 2005  Extreme Heat Waves: a successive series of extreme heat days and warm nights where extreme temperatures do not abate. While no universally accepted minimum length of time for a heatwave event exists, Cal-Adapt considers four, successive extreme heat days and warm nights to be the minimum threshold for an extreme heatwave Extreme heat events will feel different from region to region since different areas have different historic high temperatures. For example, an extreme heat day on the coast will feel different than an extreme heat day in the desert. According to Cal-Adapt, an extreme heat day in Rolling Hills involves a temperature that exceeds 91.7 ̊F (CEC 2020). Historically (between 1950 and 2005), Rolling Hills experienced an average four extreme heat days per year, typically occurring between April and October. As a result of rising average temperatures and climate change as discussed above, the city is projected to experience between 8 and 14 extreme heat days annually from 2030 to 2099 under medium and high emissions projections (CEC 5 Chart shows annual average maximum temperature for Rolling Hills (Grid Cell 33.78125, -118.34375) under RCP 8.5 (emissions continue to rise strongly through 2050 and plateau around 2100) 693 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 22 2020). As shown in Figure 9, the number of extreme heat days each year is variable, but overall they are increasing from historic averages and would continue to increase through the century. Figure 9 Number of Extreme Heat Days by Year in Rolling Hills 6 Extreme heat waves are defined as four or more consecutive extreme heat days. These events have been historically infrequent in Rolling Hills, with the historical average being 0.3 heat waves annually. The city is expected to experience a minor increase in heat wave frequency as the climate changes. Between 2030 and 2099, the city is projected to experience between 0.4 and 1.1 heat waves per year (CEC 2020). Drought Droughts are somewhat frequent in California, and currently approximately 42 percent of California’s population are in a drought, or in an abnormally dry area (NIDIS 2020). Changes in weather patterns resulting in increases in global average temperatures are already causing decreases in snowpack, which provides as much as a third of California’s water supply (DWR 2019). According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, Los Angeles County and Rolling Hills are not currently experiencing drought conditions based on this mapping (National Drought Mitigation Center 2020). Southern California is not currently considered to be in a drought condition, while other parts of the State (northern California and the Sierra Nevada mountain range) are experiencing moderate drought conditions due to lower than average precipitation. The projected changes in annual precipitation for Rolling Hills are shown in Table 4. Under both the medium and high GHG emissions scenarios, Rolling Hills is not expected to experience substantial changes in average precipitation. However, the city would experience increased variability in precipitation. The city’s minimum annual precipitation would decrease while the maximum annual precipitation would increase under both emissions scenarios. 6 Chart shows the number of days in a year when daily maximum temperature is above the extreme hear threshold of 91.7 ̊F for Rolling Hills (Grid Cell 33.78125, -118.34375) under RCP 8.5 694 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 23 Table 4 Changes in Annual Average Precipitation Scenario Annual Precipitation Minimum (inches) Average (inches) Maximum (inches) Historical Average (1950-2005) 6.7 19.2 37.0 Medium Emissions Scenario (2030-2099) 6.0 21.3 48.2 High Emissions Scenario (2030-2099) 4.8 22.2 57.0 Source: CEC 2020 While overall precipitation levels are expected to change substantially in the city, a drought may occur when conditions in areas where water sources are located experience drought conditions, even though the local region does not. Rolling Hills obtains its water from the Palos Verdes District of the California Water Service. Water supply from the District to this area is purchased from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD), which imports its water from the Colorado River and State Water Project from northern California. Recent research suggests that extended drought occurrence could become more pervasive in future decades (CEC 2020). An extended drought scenario is predicted for all of California from 2051 to 2070 under a climate model using business as usual conditions. The extended drought scenario is based on the average annual precipitation over 20 years. This average value equates to 78 percent of the historic median annual precipitation averaged for the North Coast and Sierra California Climate Tracker regions. Overall precipitation levels in the city are not expected to be significantly impacted. However, variability in precipitation and drought conditions in other areas of the state could impact water supply. Wildfire Wildfire hazards to the city are widespread and discussed above under Hazards of Concern. Wildfires in the city are influenced by a range of factors including droughts, severe winds, wildfire fuel (i.e. dry vegetation), and previous wildfire suppression activity. Climate change is expected to exacerbate wildfire risk by creating hotter and drier landscapes, as discussed above under Extreme Heat, which are more susceptible to burning. Cal-Adapt provides projections for annual mean hectares burned. This projection only accounts for areas that could experience wildfire events. Los Angeles County wildfire occurrence is anticipated to increase under all emissions and population scenarios from historic averages (CEC 2020). In 2020 alone, California has experienced six of the 20 largest fires in modern history and as of the date of this report, over three million acres of land have burned. These fires arose during extreme fire weather conditions and record-breaking heat waves across California. The observed frequency of autumn days with extreme fire weather, which are associated with extreme autumn wildfires, has more than doubled in California since the early 1980s (Goss et al. 2020). Due to the increases in factors that contribute to wildfires (variability in precipitation, hotter and dryer landscapes) and because the city is in a VHFZSZ, it is expected to see an increase in wildfire hazards due to climate change. Storms and Extreme Weather A warming climate is likely to influence the frequency and intensity of storms. Both increased temperatures and altered precipitation patterns can lead to altered seasons and intense rainstorms in Rolling Hills. As depicted in Figure 10, there is a high degree of variability in these extreme 695 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 24 precipitation event projections, with some models projecting little to no change while others project increased intensity (CEC 2020) These projections further vary depending on the return period7 selected. Increasing intensity of rainstorms could result in more flooding, which could adversely affect human safety in Rolling Hills. During years of intense levels of precipitation and storms, the city could also see an increase in the number of landslides or make landslides greater than usual. Due to the number of landslide hazard zones in the city, as shown in 2, Rolling Hills may see an increase in landslides due to changes in precipitation from climate change. Figure 10 Changes in Intensity of Extreme Precipitation Events in Rolling Hills8 Community Sensitivity As climate change occurs, communities will be affected to varying degrees depending on the exposure levels as well as how sensitive the communities are to impacts. Virtually all people and assets in a community will be affected by climate change in some way. However, it is not usually feasible to assess the vulnerability of every population group or every asset in the community. The sensitivity of a community depends on the aspects of the community (i.e., specific populations and assets) most affected by the identified exposures, and how prevalent they are in the community. As described in the Exposure section above, the most likely primary impacts of climate change that Rolling Hills may experience include extreme heat, increases in wildfire risk and prevalence, and drought conditions affecting water supply. This section of the Vulnerability Analysis identifies the 7 Average time between extreme events (e.g., “1 in 100-year event”) 8 Chart shows estimated intensity (Return Level) of Extreme Precipitation events which are exceeded on average once every 20 years (Return Period) for Rolling Hills (Grid Cell 33.78125, -118.34375) under RCP 8.5 emissions scenario. Extreme precipitation events are described as days during a water year (Oct-Sept) with 2-day rainfall totals above an extreme threshold of 1.02 inches. 696 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 25 sensitive areas of the Rolling Hills community from the demographic and community facility information in the Introduction section above and is based on the following categories:  Populations  Infrastructure  Buildings and Facilities  Services Populations The vulnerability assessment considers the following population groups that may be disproportionally harmed by the impacts of climate change in Rolling Hills. Children: Approximately 6.6 percent of the total population in Rolling Hills are ten years old or younger. Persons in poverty: This is identified for people living in households with an income below the poverty limit, which is $26,200 for a household of four people. There are approximately 26 people in Rolling Hills who live in poverty, or approximately 1.6 percent of the total population for whom poverty status can be determined. Persons with chronic health conditions: These are people who have a long-term or permanent health condition that can create regular challenges in their day-to-day lives. These health problems include obesity, cancer, heart disease, and arthritis. In addition, those with any kind of disability, including mobility challenges, hearing, or vision impairments, behavioral disabilities, and challenges living independently or taking care of themselves. Approximately 11.5 percent of the population have identified having a disability. Renters: These are people who live in homes that they (or the head of their household) do not own. Approximately 24 housing units, or 4 percent of the housing units in Rolling Hills, are renter- occupied. Older adults: These are persons 65 years or older are more at risk for climate change impacts, especially those living alone. 28 percent of the population of Rolling Hills are over 65 years, and 15 percent of those over 65 years live alone. Limited English proficiency: Approximately three percent of households have identified being limited English-speaking. Of those, a majority spoke Asian and Pacific Island languages and Spanish. Infrastructure The vulnerability assessment considers the following infrastructure in the city that was identified as bring sensitive to climate change impacts. Access Roads: These roadways are one of a few, or the only, ways in and out of some communities or neighborhoods. The single or limited number of entry and exit points does not make the road itself more vulnerable than other roads, but loss of these roadways can effectively cut off large numbers of people from other areas in the Palos Verdes Peninsula and the rest of Los Angeles County. Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are the primary access roads into and out of the city. Bridle Trails: Throughout the community are over 25 miles of trails available to city residents and non-city residents who obtain permits. The trails are maintained by the Rolling Hills Community Association and located primarily in canyon areas. 697 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 26 Electrical Substations: Electrical substations are facilities that convert electricity from one voltage to another, making it suitable for long-distance transmission or for use by homes, businesses, and other electrical customers. There are no electrical substations located within city limits, but three are located near the city in Rancho Palos Verdes and owned/operated by Southern California Edison. Electrical Utility Lines: These lines transmit and deliver electricity from Southern California Edison to the city. The city has both underground and overhead electric utility lines. Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines: Natural gas pipelines carry large volumes of natural gas between communities. There are no transmissions lines in the city. One transmission line ends at the intersection of Rolling Hills Road and Palos Verdes Drive, adjacent to city limits. Water Reservoirs and System: The system that stores and supplies drinking water for residents. Palos Verdes Water District of the California Water Service supplies water to Rolling Hills. There are two California Water Service water reservoirs within the city limits. Building and Facilities Residential Structures: Residential structures in Rolling Hills consist of single-family dwellings and are the main type of building in the city. Community Facilities and Government Buildings: Community and government facilities are public properties and are important to the residents as well as the operation of the city. Rolling Hills is a private community. Therefore, community and government facilities are available only to its residents, which are the Rolling Hills Community Association and City Hall. Community Parks: Storm Hill is an open space area owned by the City which is utilized for equestrian purposes. The City also has two equestrian rings and tennis courts. Schools: Rancho Del Mar High School is the only school in the city Public Safety Facilities: Public safety facilities include sheriff and fire buildings. Los Angeles County Fire Station 56 is located within the city. The Lomita Station of the Los Angeles County Sheriff serves the city but is not located within the city limits. Services Public Safety Response: Public safety services are provided by law enforcement and fire agencies. These agencies include the Los Angeles County Sheriff and Fire Departments. Water Services: These services involve treating and transporting water to be used by customers and transporting and treating wastewater so it can be safely released into the environment. California Water Service provides drinking water to the city. Energy delivery: Energy services in Rolling Hills include electricity and natural gas delivered through utility lines from Southern California Edison and Southern California Gas Company. Potential Impacts Impact vulnerability is the nature and degree to which the community is affected by a given stressor, change, or disturbance. As climate change continues to progress, increased stress to vulnerable community populations, infrastructure, building and facilities, and services are expected. As described in the Exposure section above, the most likely primary impacts of climate change 698 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 27 Rolling Hills may experience include extreme heat, wildfire, and drought conditions impacting water supply. The vulnerability of Rolling Hills to the primary exposures of climate change is discussed below. The vulnerability scores discussed in the Vulnerability Scoring section are based on the potential impact analysis below. Each of the vulnerable areas in the city were given a low, medium, or high vulnerability to the potential impacts, based off the descriptions in the Vulnerability Scoring section. Temperature and Extreme Heat As describe in the Exposure section above, Rolling Hills may experience a variety of impacts from climate change, which include an increase of average annual maximum temperature between 1.8°F and 6.6°F by the end of the century (CEC 2020) This increase in temperature may result in changes in seasonal patterns, an increase in heat waves, drought, and potentially increased storm frequency and intensity. Rolling Hills is expected to experience between 8 and 14 extreme heat days annually. Overall quality of life in the city would be impacted during extreme heat events as outdoor activities would be limited and overall comfort reduced. The potential direct and indirect impacts to community populations, infrastructure, building and facilities, and services are described below. Populations The vulnerable populations discussed above that are most at risk to extreme heat impacts from climate change are older adults, individuals with chronic conditions such as heart and lung disease, diabetes, and mental illnesses, children, and those who are economically disadvantaged. The primary vulnerable population to temperature increases and extreme heat in Rolling Hills is older adults, as 28 percent of the city’s population is over 65 years. Older adults do not adjust as well as young people to sudden changes in temperature and are more likely to have medical conditions that can worsen with extreme heat (CDC 2017a). Older adults who are living along are even more at risk as the actions necessary to mitigation extreme heat are more difficult alone. Getting water, changing clothes, showering, or turning on the air conditioner may be more difficult for older adults with physical disabilities and do not have a living partner to assist them. Children are also at risk to extreme heat impacts, especially those under the age of four, due to their less- developed physiology, immune system, and dependence on others (CDC 2019). Extreme heat can be highly dangerous to persons with chronic health conditions, because very high temperatures can exacerbate diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, respiratory ailments, and other diseases. Some of these people have weakened immune systems which can make them more likely to contract illnesses and vulnerable to human health hazards. In addition, they may be taking medications that make the effects of extreme heat worse (CDC 2017b). While there are not many households in poverty in the city, those who are have limited financial resources to upgrade their homes and use air conditioning to better resist extreme heat. Each of the vulnerable populations has a high potential impact from extreme heat. Infrastructure Extreme heat and temperature increase due to climate change would not directly impact infrastructure in Rolling Hills. Indirect impacts on electrical substations and utility lines could occur from increased use of the system from running air conditioners, leading to power outages in the 699 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 28 city. In addition, indirect impacts to the water system through increased evaporation or water use could occur. These infrastructure facilities would have a medium potential impact from extreme heat. Building and Facilities Extreme heat and temperature increase due to climate change would not directly affect buildings or facilities in Rolling Hills. Extreme heat and temperature increases could impact the ability for residents to enjoy community park facilities. In addition, extreme heat could create wildfire conditions which could indirectly impact all buildings and facilities within the city. Overall, there is a low potential impact from extreme heat to City buildings and facilities. Services The important services discussed above that are most at risk to extreme heat impacts from climate change are water services and energy delivery. High temperatures would contribute to a reduced water supply. For instance, higher temperatures will melt the Sierra snowpack earlier and drive the snowline higher. In addition to a reduction in precipitation falling as snow, higher temperatures would result in less snowpack to supply water to California users (CNRA 2009). Increased temperatures could therefore result in decreased potable water supply for the city which relies on imported water from the State Water Project and Colorado River water (Cal Water 2016). Therefore, there is a medium potential impact for high temperatures and drought on the city. Long periods of intense heat may result in increased use of electricity for home cooling purposes that could tax the overall electrical system and result in electricity restrictions or blackouts. During extreme heat events in August 2020, California had its first rolling blackouts since 2001. Therefore, the city will experience greater potential for power outages due to climate change and has a medium potential impact. Storms/Extreme Weather and Drought As mentioned in the Exposure section above, the storm and extreme weather projections for Rolling Hills show variability, with some models projecting little to no change while others project increased intensity. This could result in impacts to community populations, infrastructure, building and facilities, and services, particularly related to temporary flooding and landslides which can be triggered from intense rainfall events. The city currently has a less than 0.2 percent annual chance to be inundated by flood waters as a result of a storm event (FEMA 2008). Increases in intense precipitation could result in slope failures in landslide prone areas shown in Figure 2, including the existing Flying Triangle Landslide area. As discussed in the Exposure section above, Rolling Hills is not expected to experience substantial changes in average precipitation. However, the city receives its water from the Colorado River and State Water Project from northern California, and extended drought scenario is predicted for these areas, which equates to 78 percent of the historic median annual precipitation. Therefore, areas that supply water to Rolling Hills and other jurisdictions are expected to see a 22 percent reduction of their water supply, which could reduce the amount of potable water available for delivery to the city. 700 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 29 Populations The city’s older adults and those with chronic health conditions are the populations in Rolling Hills that are more at risk of injury and or death resulting from minor floods or fallen trees created by more intense storms induced by climate change. Indirect impacts to these populations from impacts to the transportation system could include reduced access to emergency response and health centers for those who need consistent medical care. There is a medium potential for impacts to these vulnerable populations. Infrastructure Critical infrastructure most at risk in Rolling Hills to minor flooding impacts and landslides from increased storms would be access roads, bridle trails, electrical utility lines, and water systems. Because Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are critical for access to and evacuation from the city, any damage or closure can effectively isolate areas of the city, potentially creating severe health and safety risks. Bridle trails are predominantly located in canyon areas, which would be more susceptible to flooding and landslides. Landslides could impact utilities, as seen in the existing Flying Triangle Landslide area, which has moved utility lines above ground in certain areas due to the continuous movement of the earth in this area. Due to the limited accessibility of the city, there is a medium potential impact for access roads and bridle trails and a low potential impact for the remaining vulnerable infrastructure. Building and Facilities Buildings and facilities most at risk from impacts of more intense storms would be residential structures and community parks. The proper functioning residential septic systems could be impacted by more intense rainfall and minor flooding. In addition, landslides could be triggered as indirect impacts from more intense storms and rainfall. Residential structures located in landslide hazard areas shown in Figure 2 could be impacted. In addition, the Storm Hill open space area is an important facility in the city and is also located in a landslide area. Due to the variability in weather projections, there is a low potential impact for buildings and facilities. Services Increased storm intensity and drought conditions from climate change could impact public safety response, energy delivery and water services in the city. Emergency response systems could be impacted from flooding or landslides within or outside of city limits, which could restrict the ability for emergency response to access the city and impact response times. More intense storms could adversely affect electricity delivery from Southern California Edison from power outages caused by downed electrical utility lines from wind of landslide events. In addition, water service from the California Water Service Palos Verdes District could be affected by increased drought conditions throughout the state. There is a medium potential impact for buildings and facilities. Wildfire Wildfires in Los Angeles County are projected to increase under all emissions and population scenarios. As discussed in the Exposure section above, wildfire hazards to the city are widespread and wildfire conditions are expected to be exacerbated by a range of factors including droughts, 701 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 30 more severe winds, wildfire fuel (i.e., dry vegetation), and hotter and drier landscapes from increased temperatures and extreme heat. Populations The vulnerable populations discussed above that are most at risk to increases in wildfire from climate change are older adults, persons in poverty, and persons with chronic health conditions. Older adults are almost three times more likely to die in a fire than the overall population (USFA 2017), and typically have increased mobility issues or mental health. Therefore, older adults, especially those in the city living alone, have more difficulties evacuating to safe areas when there is a need. Those in Rolling Hills with limited financial resources are more unlikely to retrofit their homes to better resist climate-related hazards such as wildfires. In addition to direct impacts, indirect impacts such as poor air quality also creates public health hazards to the city. Recent California wildfires in August and September 2020 had areas of California recording the worst air quality in the world and highlighted the hazards of secondary impacts from wildfires, which could impact the city from fires throughout the State. Older adults and individuals with chronic health conditions are likely to be impacted most by these secondary impacts. Also, those with limited finances or without air conditioning would be impacted by secondary smoke impacts that occur during local and regional wildfires. There is a high potential for wildfire impacts on the vulnerable populations. Infrastructure All city infrastructure is located in a VHFHSZ. The critical infrastructure most at risk to increased wildfire impacts would be access roads, bridle trails, above ground electrical utility lines, and water systems. Portuguese Bend Road and Crest Road are critical for access to and evacuation from many areas of the city. Wildfires may not significantly damage the infrastructure, but they could result in closure or the inability to travel on them during wildfire events, which can isolate areas of the city and create severe health and safety risks. There is a high potential for impacts to access roads from wildfires. Wildfires are unlikely to substantially damage trails directly, but they can force widespread trail closures which are an important asset to the community. Above ground electrical lines are also at risk from wildfires and could impact electricity services to residents in Rolling Hills. Water systems could be directly affected by wildfires in addition to indirect impacts from water use from firefighting activities and peak load water supply in remote portions of the city. There is a medium potential for impact to these infrastructures. Building and Facilities As discussed under Hazards of Concern section, all of Rolling Hills is designated a VHFHSZ. Therefore, all buildings and facilities within the city are at risk of increased wildfires caused by climate change. The greatest potential impact of life and well-being would be to residential structures, which are the primary structures in the city. In addition, impacts to Rolling Hills Community Association and City Hall structures would impact community functions and government services. There is a high potential for impact to buildings and facilities from wildfire. 702 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 31 Services Energy delivery, specifically electricity delivery, could be impacted from increased wildfires. Direct impacts to Southern California Edison electricity transmission infrastructure could impact power in the city. In addition, utility companies have begun shutting off power to areas to avoid wildfires during times when weather creates high wildfire risk. In addition, public safety services could be strained during wildfire events, which are expected to increase. There is a medium potential for impacts to services in the city from wildfire. Adaptive Capacity Adaptive capacity is the current ability to cope with climate change impacts to community populations and assets (Cal OES 2020). Specifically, adaptative capacity is the ability to mitigate the potential impacts and damages or take advantage of the opportunities from climate change. Many communities have adaptive capacity in the form of policies, plans, programs, or institutions. Rolling Hills has actively taken steps to increase the city’s adaptive capacity, which include preparing a community wildfire protection plan, hazard mitigation plan, undergrounding utility lines, and adopting strict new building standards. Table 5 lists various guiding documents, projects, plans, and policies that have an underlying emphasis on adaptive capacity in the city. Table 5 Rolling Hills Existing Adaptive Capacity Project, Policy, or Plan Year Established Climate Change Impact City of Rolling Hill Community Wildfire Protection Plan 2020 Wildfire City of Rolling Hills Safety Element 2003 Wildfire, Storms California Water Service Palos Verdes Water District Urban Water Management Plan 2016 Drought Utility Undergrounding Requirement n/a Wildfire Fire Prevention Power Line Undergrounding 2020 Wildfire RHMC Chapter 8.30: Fire Fuel Abatement n/a Wildfire Hazard Mitigation Plan 2019 Wildfire, Drought, Storm- induced Landslides Emergency Operations Plan 2020 Wildfire, Storm, Extreme Heat Emergency Notification and Notify Me n/a Wildfire, Storms VHFHSZ Building Requirements n/a Wildfire Rolling Hills Municipal Code Requirements for lot slope and lot stability n/a Storm-Induced Landslides Rolling Hills has a number of plans and policies specific to wildfire hazards. The city’s recently adopted the Community Wildfire Protection Plan that includes fire mitigation strategies and evacuations strategies specific for the city. In addition, the Hazard Mitigation Plan provides an analysis of historical hazards, a local hazard assessment, hazard impacts on the community, and recommended mitigation strategies. The City requires the undergrounding of utility lines with specific home upgrades and has a reimbursement program for utility pole replacement. In addition, building code requirements for development within VHFHSZ, such as Class A roofing, would help reduce wildfire impacts to structures in the city. 703 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 32 The Rolling Hills Building and Zoning Codes include controls on development on steep slopes and canyon bottoms. In addition, development requires proof of stability of the property through geotechnical reports and only a percentage of each lot can be disturbed. The Palos Verdes Water District’s Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) provides water supply and demand projections and includes a climate change analysis. The 2015 UWMP projected that water supply reductions to the District due to climate change would be small for through the end of the century. In addition, the UWMP includes a water shortage contingency plan and demand reduction measures in the event water supply to the District is impacts from drought due to climate change. In addition, the city’s population has a high degree of adaptive capacity due to the high levels of home ownership, low poverty levels, and high average income levels. These characteristics improve resident’s ability to upgrade their homes and come back from potential impacts to their property from wildfire and extreme storm events. Vulnerability Scoring Vulnerability scores are based on the combination of potential impacts from climate hazards and adaptive capacity in order to identify the climate vulnerabilities in the city to address with additional adaptation strategies. A vulnerability score was determined for each sensitivity area based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity from climate change in the city. Vulnerability was accessed on a scale from 1 to 5:  V-1: Minimal Vulnerability  V-2: Low Vulnerability  V-3: Moderate Vulnerability  V-4: High  V-5: Severe Cal OES recommended the following scoring rubric to determine the vulnerability score for the potential impacts and adaptive capacity.  Low Potential Impact: Impact is unlikely based on projected exposure; would result in minor consequences to public health, safety, and/or other metrics of concern  Medium Potential Impact: Impact is somewhat likely based on projected exposure; would result in some consequences to public health, safety, and/or other metrics of concern  High Potential Impact: Impact is highly likely based on projected exposure; would result in substantial consequences to public health, safety, and/or other metrics of concern  Low Adaptive Capacity: The population or asset lacks capacity to manage climate impact; major changes would be required  Medium Adaptive Capacity: The population or asset has some capacity to manage climate impact; some changes would be required  High Adaptive Capacity: The population or asset has high capacity to manage climate impact; minimal to no changes are required Table 6 shows how the final vulnerability score was determined. To summarize, potential impacts from climate change that are highly likely to occur in the city based on projected exposure would 704 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 33 create a high vulnerability score. However, if the city has a high adaptive capacity to manage the impact, then the overall vulnerability score would be reduced. Table 6 Vulnerability Score Matrix Potential Impacts High V-3 V-4 V-5 Medium V-2 V-3 V-4 Low V-1 V-2 V-3 High Medium Low Adaptive Capacity The vulnerability scoring for the identified population and assets for each climate impact is included below in Table 7 and based on Cal OES California Adaptation Planning Guide. For those populations and assets that are not anticipated to be impacted directly or indirectly from the identified climate impacts, no vulnerabilty score or color is provided. For example, drought impacts on children were determined to not be a threat in Rolling Hills. For the purposes of this vulnerability assessment, a score of V-4 or V-5 is considered significant. Populations and assets that score at least a V-4 for one or more exposures are considered substantially vulnerable. As shown in Table 7, the potential impacts from climate change the city’s population and assets are most vulnerable to are wildfire, extreme heat, and landslides. Vulnerable populations such as older adults, residents with chronic health conditions, and those with financial trouble are most at risk to extreme heat and wildfire impacts and are substantially vulnerable to climate change impacts in the city. Access roads and residential structures are also the most vulnerable to wildfire and landslide impacts from climate change. Overall, climate change impacts on wildfire are the greatest potential impact to the city. While the City has adopted a significant number of adaptation strategies related to wildfire impacts, because they were recently adopted and some of the strategies were included as recommendations, it will be important to determine and monitor if implementation is occurring and which recommendations should be included in the Safety Element update. This vulnerability assessment and the results in Table 7 will be used to identify specific policies and implementable strategies for adapting to climate change in the Safety Element, thus making the Rolling Hills community more resilient. 705 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 34 Table 7 Vulnerability Assessment Results Community Sensitivity Storms/Extreme Weather Extreme Heat Wildfire Landslides Population Children V-3 V-2 V-2 Persons with Chronic Health Conditions V-2 V-4 V-4 V-2 Persons in Poverty V-2 V-3 V-4 V-2 Renters V-3 V-2 V-2 Older Adults V-2 V-4 V-4 V-2 Limited English Speaking V-2 V-2 Infrastructure Access Roads V-2 V-4 V-3 Bridle Trails V-2 V-3 V-2 Electrical Substations V-1 V-2 V-3 Electrical Utility Lines V-2 V-1 V-3 V-2 Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines V-2 V-2 Water Reservoirs and Systems V-1 V-2 V-3 V-3 Buildings and Facilities Residential Structures V-1 V-5 V-3 Community Facilities and Government Buildings V-1 V-4 V-1 Community Parks V-1 V-1 V-3 V-3 Schools V-1 V-3 V-1 Public Safety Facilities V-1 V-3 V-1 706 Climate Change Vulnerability Existing Conditions Report 35 Community Sensitivity Storms/Extreme Weather Extreme Heat Wildfire Landslides Services Public Safety Response V-2 V-3 V-1 Water Services V-2 V-2 V-3 V-2 Energy Delivery V-2 V-3 V-4 V-2 Notes: Drought was not included in this table because the city’s vulnerability to drought is primarily low. White boxes indicate very low to now vulnerability. 707 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 36 Summary of Issues and Opportunities Existing hazards of concern in the city that should be a major focus of the Safety Element update include landslide and wildfire hazards. In addition, emergency response and evacuation should be a focus due to the city’s accessibility issues. Climate change is expected to increase potential hazards the city experiences. From the vulnerability analysis, the city is most vulnerable to wildfire impacts, extreme heat, and landslides impacts from climate change. Hazards of Concern and Community Sensitivity While there are a number of hazards that could impacts the city, the following are hazards of concern that pose the greatest challenge to the city. Wildfire The greatest hazard of concern for the city is wildfire as the entire city limits are within a VHFHSZ and the city contains many remote areas and limited evacuation routes. Some existing residential and accessory structures are not built to current standards that apply to VHFHSZ and as a result many of these structures may require mitigation and retrofit to reduce this potential threat. The area’s most vulnerable to wildfire impacts include older adults, persons with chronic health conditions, residential structures, government and community buildings, and access roads. Landslides Landslides are also a major concern for the city, whether they are earthquake induced, induced from high precipitation events, or occur due to the underlying soil conditions. Existing landslides are impacting the southern portion of the city. Climate change has the potential to create more landslide events if Rolling Hills experiences more intense storms and precipitation events. The area’s most vulnerable to landslide impacts include access roads, residential structures, and community parks. Extreme Heat The city is expected to see increases in the number and length of extreme heat days and events due to climate change, which could impact vulnerable people in the city and lead to increased wildfire risks. The area’s most vulnerable to extreme heat impacts from climate change include older adults, persons with chronic health conditions, and the energy system. Opportunities The need to further analyze evacuation routes and access is one of the most recent changes in Safety Element requirements. These new requirements focus on the identification of areas where routes are lacking or inadequate. A key opportunity for the Safety Element update is address specific evacuation needs. The City has recently adopted a number of planning documents, such as the Hazard Mitigation Plan and Community Wildfire Protection Plan, that seek to reduce the risk of hazards in the city. Many of the strategies included in these documents are recommendations and are used for educational purposes. An opportunity for the Safety Element update would be to include the recommendations 708 Summary of Issues and Opportunities Existing Conditions Report 37 as implementation tools for the Safety Element and to conduct outreach with the community to determine if community preparedness is occurring. The California Legislature recently adopted Senate Bill 182 (SB 182) and is awaiting Governor approval. SB 182 would require the Safety Element to include a comprehensive retrofit strategy as necessary to reduce the risk of property loss and damage during wildfires. Additionally, in order to reduce development pressures in the VHFHSZ through the Regional Housing Needs Allocation process, SB 182 requires a lower proportion of state housing allocation to jurisdictions that meet specified conditions. The City should monitor and incorporate these elements as necessary. 709 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 38 References California Department of Toxic Substances and Control (DTSC). 2020. Envirostor. https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/?myaddress=rolling+hills%2C+ca. Accessed August 2020. California Department of Water Resources (DWR). 2019. Climate Change Basics. Available at https://water.ca.gov/Water-Basics/Climate-Change-Basics. Accessed September 2020. California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES). 2020. California Adaptation Planning Guide. June 2020. California Water Service (Cal Water). 2016. 2015 Urban Water Management Plan: Palos Verdes District. June 2016. Center for Disease Control (CDC). 2017a. Heat and Older Adults. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/older-adults-heat.html. Accessed September 2020. ____. 2017b. Heat and People with Chronic Medical Conditions. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/medical.html. Accessed September 2020. ____. 2019. Heat and Infants and Children. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/children.html. Accessed September 2020. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2008. Flood Insurance Rate Map 06037C1940F. Goss, Michael et al. 2020. Climate change is increasing the likelihood of extreme autumn wildfire conditions across California. Environmental Research Letters 15.094016 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2013. IPCC Fifth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2013. Working Group I: The Physical Science Basis. Accessible at: http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/ Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department (LACSD). 2020. Lomita Station Part I Crimes. http://shq.lasdnews.net/CrimeStats/CAASS/Patrol-CurrentMonth-YTD.PDF. Accessed August 2020. National Drought Mitigation Center. 2020. U.S. Drought Monitor: California. September 15, 2020. https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/CurrentMap/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA. Accessed September 2020. National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS). 2020. Drought in California. https://www.drought.gov/drought/states/california. Accessed October 2020. Rolling Hills, City of. 1990. General Plan Safety Element. June 25, 1990. ____. 2019. Hazard Mitigation Plan. January 16, 2019. ____. 2020. Community Wildfire Protection Plan. July 2020. Southern California Earthquake Center. 2013. Hazards and Threats Earthquakes List of Major Active Surface Faults in Southern California. March. University of California, Berkeley and California Energy Commission (CEC). 2020. Cal-Adapt. https://cal-adapt.org/. Accessed August 2020. 710 References Existing Conditions Report 39 U.S. Census Bureau. 2018. Rolling Hills, City 2018 ACS 5-Year Estimates. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Rolling%20Hills%20city,%20California&g=1600000U S0662602&tid=ACSDP5Y2018.DP05&hidePreview=false. Western Region Climate Center (WRCC). 2016. Period of Record Monthly Climate Summary. https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca8973. Accessed August 2020. 711 City of Rolling Hills Rolling Hills General Plan Safety Element 40 This page intentionally left blank. 712 APPENDIX B – TRIBAL CONSULTATION RESPONSES 713 Andrew Salas, Chairman Nadine Salas, Vice-Chairman Dr. Christina Swindall Martinez, secretary Albert Perez, treasurer I Martha Gonzalez Lemos, treasurer II Richard Gradias, Chairman of the council of Elders PO Box 393 Covina, CA 91723 www.gabrielenoindians.org admin@gabrielenoindians.org GABRIELENO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS - KIZH NATION Historically known as The Gabrielino Tribal Council - San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians recognized by the State of California as the aboriginal tribe of the Los Angeles basin December 21,2021 Project Name: The City of Rolling Hills Housing and Safety Element Updates Project Dear John F. Signo, Thank you for your email dated December 13,2021. Regarding the project above. This is to concur that we are in agreement with the Housing Element Update. However, our Tribal government would like to request consultation for any and all future projects within this location. Sincerely, 714 Andrew Salas, Chairman Nadine Salas, Vice-Chairman Dr. Christina Swindall Martinez, secretary Albert Perez, treasurer I Martha Gonzalez Lemos, treasurer II Richard Gradias, Chairman of the council of Elders PO Box 393 Covina, CA 91723 www.gabrielenoindians.org admin@gabrielenoindians.org GABRIELENO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS - KIZH NATION Historically known as The Gabrielino Tribal Council - San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians recognized by the State of California as the aboriginal tribe of the Los Angeles basin December 21,2021 Project Name: The City of Rolling Hills Safety Element Thank you for your letter regarding the project above. This is to concur that we are in agreement with the Safety Element. However, our Tribal government would like to request consultation for any and all future projects when ground disturbance will be occurring within this location. Sincerely, Andrew Salas, Chairman Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians – Kizh Nation 1(844)390-0787 715 1 From: CHRISTINA CONLEY-HADDOCK <christina.marsden@alumni.usc.edu> Sent: Thursday, January 6, 2022 1:17 PM To: Richard Shultz <rshultz@chambersgroupinc.com> Cc: Robert Dorame <gtongva@icloud.com> Subject: Re: Follow-up re: 21330 City of Rolling Hills Housing & Safety Element Project SB 18/AB 52 Consult Request Good afternoon Richard, Apologies for the delay - I have been out on the field. At this time, as there are no specific developments planned, we have no concerned. We are requesting to be notified on any future projects in the city of Rolling Hills as aforementioned, it is a sensitive area for our tribe. Take good care, Christina tehoovet taamet C H R I S T I N A C O N L E Y Native American Monitor - Caretaker of our Ancestral Land Cultural Resource Administrator Under Tribal Chair, Robert Dorame (MLD) HAZWOPER Certified 626.407.8761 __________________________________________________________ G A B R I E L I N O T O N G V A I N D I A N S O F C A L I F O R N I A On Jan 3, 2022, at 12:56 PM, Richard Shultz <rshultz@chambersgroupinc.com> wrote: Good afternoon and happy new year Christina. I am following up on your recent letter (below). Chambers Group is assisting the City of Rolling Hills with their requirement to conduct SB 18 and AB 52 consultations related to the proposed Housing and Safety Element Updates to the General Plan and policies. As noted in the attached consultation request letter there are no specific developments planned at this time, and the consultation is being requested for comments or concerns with the proposed Element Updates. Chambers Group and the City of Rolling Hills greatly appreciate the concerns of the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council and wish to allay any apprehensions that the resources listed, and not listed, below would be affected by the proposed Element Updates. 716 2 From: CHRISTINA CONLEY-HADDOCK <christina.marsden@alumni.usc.edu> Sent: Friday, December 31, 2021 10:27 AM To: Kellie Kandybowicz <kkandybowicz@chambersgroupinc.com> Cc: Richard Shultz <rshultz@chambersgroupinc.com>; Robert Dorame <gtongva@icloud.com> Subject: Re: Follow-up re: 21330 City of Rolling Hills Housing & Safety Element Project SB 18/AB 52 Consult Request Good morning John, If the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council wish to consult under SB 18 or AB 52 concerning these proposed Element Updates please contact John Signo, AICP, at the City of Rolling Hills (jsigno@cityofrh.net - City Of Rolling Hills – City Hall 2; Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills CA 90274; O: 310.377.1521 | F: 310.377.7288). Alternatively, feel free to contact either Kellie or myself and we will coordinate with the City. Please let Kellie or me know if you have any questions or concerns, and we will be happy to help. Thank you, Richard We are in receipt of your 21330 City of Rolling Hills Housing & Safety Element Project SB 18/AB 52 Consult Request. Thank you for reaching out. After conferring with Tribal Chair Dorame (the Most Likely Descendent), this property is highly culturally sensitive to the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California (GTIOC) as it resides near one of our villages. The Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California request an AB52 and SB18 consultation for this project. There are a minimum of 7 identified sties near the project area; LAN 110, LAN 191, LAN 276, LAN277, LAN278, LAN 279, LAN 280 (LAN 275 borders your project area). The concern with all of these sites is that they are significant evidence of the existence of a village site and the area may still yield evidence of buried deposits. Artifacts unearthed in previous projects included obsidian projectiles, sandstone bowls, cog stones and more importantly, human remains. The Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California tribe is deeply concerned with any ground disturbances in your project area and this project will need a monitor from the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California for only ground disturbances. Attached are our treatment plans for your project site. Please let us know what your next steps are and how we may assist you. Take good care and happy new year, Christina 717 3 tehoovet taamet C H R I S T I N A C O N L E Y Native American Monitor - Caretaker of our Ancestral Land Cultural Resource Administrator Under Tribal Chair, Robert Dorame (Most Likely Descendent) HAZWOPER Certified 626.407.8761 __________________________________________________________ G A B R I E L I N O T O N G V A I N D I A N S O F C A L I F O R N I A <image001.png> <image002.png> From: Kellie Kandybowicz Sent: Wednesday, December 15, 2021 9:28 AM To: 'christina.marsden@alumni.isc.edu' <christina.marsden@alumni.isc.edu> Cc: Richard Shultz <rshultz@chambersgroupinc.com> Subject: 21330 City of Rolling Hills Housing & Safety Element Project SB 18/AB 52 Consult Request Dear Christina Conley, The City of Rolling Hills (City) is commencing its Senate Bill (SB) 18 and Assembly Bill (AB) 52 consultation processes for the Housing and Safety Element Updates Project (Project). Pursuant to Government Codes §65352.3 and §65352.4 SB 18 require local governments to consult with California Native American tribes identified by the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) for the purpose of avoiding, protecting, and/or mitigating impacts to cultural places when creating or amending General Plans, Specific Plans and Community Plans. Additionally, AB 52 (Public Resources Codes §21080.3.1 and §21080.3.2) requires public agencies to consult with California Native American tribes identified by the NAHC for the purpose of avoiding, protecting, and/or mitigating impacts to tribal cultural resources (TCRs) as defined, for California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) projects. This letter is being provided to you because your Tribe, the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council, was listed on the NAHC directory as an individual or group who may have additional knowledge pertaining to tribal cultural resources within this geographic area. The Project consists of a Housing Element Update of the City of Rolling Hills General Plan and an update to the City’s Safety Element to address various natural and human-caused hazards the City has dealt with including earthquakes, wildfires, droughts, and land movement. 718 4 The Housing Element and Safety Element Updates are policy updates only, and no specific developments are proposed at this time. A description of each of the updates is provided below. Housing Element Update The City’s Housing Element serves as an integrated part of the General Plan, and is subject to detailed statutory requirements, including a requirement to be updated every eight years, and mandatory review by the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD). The City is currently adopting their 6thcycle Housing Element Update (HEU). The City’s Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) for this 6th cycle, is 45 units which the City determined can be met with existing approved developments, the underutilized Rancho Del Mar school site, and Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs). Therefore, the HEU, is a policy document; no actual development nor rezoning of parcels is included as part of the approval. Safety Element Update The Safety Element Update (SEU) provides the City goals, policies, and actions to minimize the hazards to safety in and around the City. The SEU evaluates natural and human-caused safety hazards that affect existing and future development and provides guidelines for protecting the community from harm. The SEU describes existing and potential future conditions and sets policies for improved public safety. The goal of the SEU is to reduce the risk of injury, death, property loss, and other hardships to acceptable levels. As part of the proposed updates the City has requested a Sacred Lands File (SLF) search by the NAHC. The result of the SLF search conducted through the NAHC was negative for the Project site. The City of Rolling Hills is a rural, equestrian residential community, consisting entirely of large lot residential parcels of one acre or more (Figure 1). The community encompasses 2.99 square miles of land (approximately 1,910 acres) on the Palos Verdes Peninsula in the County of Los Angeles. Please consider this letter notification and preliminary Project information as the initiation of the SB 18 and AB 52 requests for consultation. Pursuant to PRC 21080.3.1(d), the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council have 30 days upon receipt of this letter to provide a request for AB 52 consultation on the Project. Pursuant to GC 65352.3, the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council have 90 days upon receipt of this letter to provide a request for SB 18 consultation. Due to the abbreviated timeline regarding funding opportunities for this affordable housing Project, we respectfully ask that requests for SB 18 consultation also be provided within 45 days, if practicable. 719 5 Your comments are important to the City of Rolling Hills. If the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council have any concerns regarding the proposed Project as it relates to Native American issues or interests, or has any information regarding sacred sites in the vicinity of the proposed Project that may help avoid impacts to those sites, please send your response to: John F. Signo, AICP Director of Planning and Community Services 6 <image006.jpg> City of Rolling Hills – City Hall 2 Portuguese Bend Road, Rolling Hills CA 90274 O: 310.377.1521 | F: 310.377.7288 jsigno@cityofrh.net Attachments – Project Location Map Kellie Kandybowicz | Cultural Resources Specialist <image002.png> t | 858.541.2800 : x7140 f | 866.261.3100 m | 760.521.9005 kkandybowicz@chambersgroupinc.com www.chambersgroupinc.com <21330_CityofRollingHillsHousing&SafetyElementProject_20211215_Conley.pdf><2133 0 PLAN Fig 1 Project Location_small.pdf> <SB18-AB52 Letter Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council.pdf> 720 City of Rolling Hills General Plan Housing and Safety Element Update s Tribal Consultation Summary City of Rolling Hills 1 21330 February 22, 2022 21330 John F. Signo, AICP Planning Director City of Rolling Hills On December 14, 2021, Chambers Group, on behalf of the City of Rolling Hills , submitted Assembly Bill 52 (AB 52) and Senate Bill 18 (SB 18) notification letters to eight tribal representatives from seven Native American tribal governments that included the Gabrieleño Band of Mission Indians - Kizh Nation, the Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians, the Gabrielino/Tongva Nation, the Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council, the Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe, the Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians, and the Soboba Band of Luiseño Indian tribes for the proposed General Plan Update to the Housing and Safety Elements (Project). Tribes had 30 days to respond to AB 52 requests for consultation, or until January 13, 2022. Under GC 65352.3 tribes have 90 days to respond to SB 1 8 or until March 14 2022, however due to the abbreviated timeline for the Project, tribes were asked that consultation be provided within 45 days , or by January 28, 2022. In addition, on December 15, 2021, an electronic version of the letter was emailed to each of the eight designated tribal representatives , and a follow-up email that was sent on December 29, 2021. Of the seven tribes and eight tribal representatives contacted, the City received responses from two of the tribes, and those responses are detailed in the section below. As a final courtesy at an attempt for a response, on January 19, 2022 a follow-up phone call was made to the remaining tribal governments that had not yet responded, the Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians, the Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians, the Soboba Band of Luiseño Indians, the Gabrielino/Tongva Nation, and the Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe. Messages were left for these five remaining tribes and as of the date of this summary no responses have been received. Responses and consultation requests were received from the following tribes within 30-days : • Gabrieleño Band of Mission Indians - Kizh Nation (December 21, 2021): The tribe responded via email within the 30-day timeframe under AB 52 and stated that we concur to be in agreement with the Housing and Safety Elements Update. However, our Tribal government would like to request consultation for any and all future projects when ground disturbance will be occurring within this location. • Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council (December 31, 2021; January 6, 2022): The tribe responded within the 30-day timeframe under AB 52 and requested formal government -to-government consultation under AB 52 and SB 18. o December 31, 2021, via email: Received email response requesting AB52 consultation for development on the aforementioned project area. “The Tribe is deeply concerned with any ground disturbances in your project area and this project will need a monitor.” This request prompted a follow-up email from Richard Shultz with the clarification that there are no planned projects or work activities that would warrant monitoring at this time, which was sent on January 3, 2022. o January 6, 2022, via follow-up email: “At this time, as there are no specific developments planned, we have no concerns. We are requesting to be notified on any future projects in the City of Rolling Hills as aforementioned, it is a sensitive area for our tribe. We want to consult and perform monitoring.” 721 City of Rolling Hills General Plan Housing and Safety Element Update s Tribal Consultation Summary City of Rolling Hills 2 21330 Two of the eight tribal representatives responded to the outreach provided by Chambers Group on the behalf of the City of Rolling Hills , with none requesting further formal consultation. The AB 52 and SB 18 process has been concluded. Sincerely, Lucas Tutschulte Cultural Department Lead 858.541.2800 Ext 7140 9620 Chesapeake Drive, Suite 202 San Diego, CA 92123 722 723 724 725 726 Resolution No. 1291 -1- Safety Element RESOLUTION NO. 1291 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS ADOPTING THE SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE AND A NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE SAFETY ELEMENT THE CITY COUNCIL DOES HEREBY FIND, RESOLVE, AND ORDER AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. Recitals A. On January 4, 1957, the City of Rolling Hills was established as a duly organized municipal corporation of the State of California. B. The City of Rolling Hills adopted its current General Plan on June 25, 1990. The General Plan establishes goals, objectives, and strategies to achieve the community’s vision for its future. A Safety Element was adopted as part of the General Plan. C. Section 65302(g) of the California Government Code requires that the General Plan include a Safety Element for the protection of the community from any unreasonable risks associated with the effects of seismically-induced surface rupture, ground shaking, grand failure, tsunami, seiche, and dam failure; slope instability leading to mudslides and landslides; subsidence and other geologic hazards; flooding, and wildland and urban fire. D. Senate Bill 99, effective January 1, 2020, requires the City to identify residential developments in any hazard area identified in the safety element that does not have at least two emergency evacuation routes. E. Cities and counties in California are required to have a Safety Element that is consistent with all other elements of the General Plan. The City’s 5th Cycle Housing Element was certified by the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) on July 7, 2021, and the City is currently awaiting comments from HCD on the 6th Cycle Housing Element. The Safety Element has been prepared to be consistent with the Housing Element. F. On January 18, 2022, the Planning Commission held a workshop to discuss the Safety Element update. G. On February 15, 2022, the Planning Commission held a public hearing in accordance with law to consider making a written recommendation on the amendment of the General Plan for purposes of the Safety Element update and on adoption of the related Negative Declaration. At that meeting, the Planning Commission adopted Resolution No. 2022-02 recommending that the City Council adopt the Safety Element update. 727 Resolution No. 1291 -2- Safety Element H. Pursuant to the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), Public Resources Code Sections 21000 et seq. and the State CEQA Guidelines California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Sections 15000 et seq., the City prepared an Initial Study (IS) and determined that there was no substantial evidence that adoption of the update to the Safety Element may have a significant effect on the environment. Accordingly, a draft Negative Declaration (ND) was prepared and notice of that fact was given in the manner required by law. The City subsequently prepared an Errata to the Draft IS/ND to clarify and insignificantly modify the Project. Specifically, the City removed the Housing Element update from the Project. The changes do not affect the overall conclusions of the environmental document; the analysis of the environmental impacts of the Safety Element Update are fully covered in the previously circulated Draft IS/ND. The changes that have been made to the Draft IS/ND in the errata do not constitute a “substantial revision” to the IS/ND because the revisions (1) do not identify a new, avoidable significant effect and mitigation measure or project revisions that must be added in order to reduce the effect to insignificance; or (2) do not result in a change to any mitigation measures that were previously disclosed (none were). (State CEQA Guidelines, section 15073.5.) Because the project revisions do not result in any new avoidable significant effects, recirculation is not required. (Id.) I. On March 14, 2022, the City Council held a public hearing in accordance with law to consider adoption of the Negative Declaration and Safety Element update. The City Council continued the public hearing to March 28, 2022. Section 2. Findings. Based upon the facts contained in this Resolution, those contained in the staff report and other components of the legislative record, the City Council finds that: A. All environmental impacts of the amendment to the Safety Element are either less than significant or no impact as outlined in the Negative Declaration and the Initial Study. There is no substantial evidence in the record supporting a fair argument that the amendment to the Safety Element may result in any significant environmental impacts. The Negative Declaration contains a complete, objective, and accurate reporting of the environmental impacts associated with the amendment to the Safety Element and reflects the independent judgment and analysis of the City. B. The Safety Element is consistent with the other elements of the General Plan, including the Land Use Element, Circulation Element, and Open Space and Conservation Element as set forth below: Land Use Element Goal 3: Accommodate development that is sensitive to the natural environment and accounts for environmental hazards. The Safety Element is consistent with this goal in that it addresses the natural environmental and accounts for environmental hazards. Circulation Element Goal 2: Provide a circulation system that contributes to residents’ quality of life and minimizes impacts on the environment. 728 Resolution No. 1291 -3- Safety Element The Safety Element is consistent with this goal in that it plans for escape routes that utilize the existing circulation system in the event of an emergency. Open Space and Conservation Element Goal 1: Conserve and enhance the City’s natural resources, facilitating development in a manner which reflects the characteristics, sensitivities and constraints of these resources. The Safety Element is consistent with this goal in that it considers safety factors and hazard constraints in facilitating development. C. The safety goals, objectives, and policies stated in the Safety Element are appropriate for the City of Rolling Hills. The Safety Element will aid the City’s efforts for the protection of the community and is in the public interest. Section 3. The City Council of the City of Rolling Hills hereby adopts the Safety Element, provided as Exhibit A, attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference, and adopts the Negative Declaration, provided as Exhibit B, attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED THIS 28th DAY OF MARCH 2022. _______________________________ BEA DIERINGER, MAYOR ATTEST: ___________________________________ CHRISTIAN HORVATH, CITY CLERK 729 Resolution No. 1291 -4- Safety Element I certify that the foregoing Resolution No. 1291 entitled: A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ROLLING HILLS ADOPTING THE SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE AND A NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE SAFETY ELEMENT was approved and adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council on March 28, 2022, by the following roll call vote: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: and in compliance with the laws of California was posted at the following: Administrative Offices ____________________________________ CHRISTIAN HORVATH, CITY CLERK 730 Agenda Item No.: 16.A Mtg. Date: 03/28/2022 TO:HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL FROM:CHRISTIAN HORVATH, THRU:ELAINE JENG P.E., CITY MANAGER SUBJECT:CONFERENCE WITH LABOR NEGOTIATOR GOVERNMENT CODE SECTION 54957.6 CITY'S DESIGNATED REPRESENTATIVE: MAYOR BEA DIERINGER UNREPRESENTED EMPLOYEE: CITY MANAGER ELAINE JENG DATE:March 28, 2022 BACKGROUND: None DISCUSSION: None FISCAL IMPACT: None RECOMMENDATION: None. ATTACHMENTS: 731